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muhim uslubiy vositalardan biri sifatida keng foydalangan.Bu mavzuni yanada chuqur talqin qilish, ularning
o‘ziga xos uslubiy xususiyatlari haqida kengroq ko‘lamda izlanishlar olib borish navbatdagi vazifalardandir.
FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR ROʻYXATI:
1.
БоймирзаеваС. Бадиий матнда луғавий бирликлар стилистик имкониятларининг намоён
бўлиши// Ўзбек тилшунослиги масалалари. Илмий мақолалар тўплами. - Самарқанд. 2007, 118-121-б.
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Замонавий ўзбек тили. I жилд. - Тошкент: Мумтоз сўз, 2008.
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Shavkat Rahmatullayev. Hozirgi adabiy o‘zbek tili. - Toshkent: Universitet, 2006. - 464 b.
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Элтазаров Ж. Сўз туркумлари парадигмасида тасвирий сўзларнинг мақомига доир //
Услубшунослик ва фразеологиянинг долзарб муаммолари. - Самарқанд, 2007. -Б. 75-76.
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Қўнғуров Р. Ўзбек адабий тилида тасвирий сўзларнинг фонетик хусусиятлари ҳақида //
«Ўзбек тили ва адабиёти» журнали, 1961. -№4. - Б. 44-48.
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Самарқанд: СамДУ нашри, 1980. - 56 б.
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PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATING PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS FROM UZBEK INTO ENGLISH
Tag’aymurotova Maryam Abdurazzoq qizi
2nd year student of master’s degree Faculty of Foreign Philology Department of
English Linguistics National University of Uzbekistan named after MirzoUlugbek
ANNOTATION
The article describes issues related to the analysis of translation as cross-linguistic, cross-cultural and
cross-social communication that the main target is to get the right and exact meaning of the word, word
combinations, set expressions in the context. However, translating those phraseological units from source
language into target language has been under discussion. Also, it has a much broader content that analysis of
the sources of formation of phraseological compounds, studying phraseological compounds related to
various things, events, and places, as well as human names, is also considered one of the most complex
issues in modern linguistics. Many of the national and cultural phraseological units are related to the daily
lifestyle and traditions of the people. Most of them originate from national and cultural settings and enrich
the phraseological layer of the language.
Keywords: phraseological units, calque translation, denotative meaning, connotative meaning,
partial and complete equivalent, linguistic translation.
INTRODUCTION
The phraseology is one of the advancing areas of modern linguistics that represents peoples’ vibrant
and wonderful traditions, and fairy tales, rich cultural features in its meaning. Phraseology is not only the
most diverse, but also the most democratic layer of vocabulary, and this layer is enriched mainly by means of
living speech.
Most of the phraseological units were created by the people, both in English and in Uzbek as well as
many languages, and their authors are not known, it is much more difficult to accurately indicate sources of
origin. In this sense, most authors emphasize that phraseological units, idioms and other sorts are unknown
and emphasize the idea that they were created by the people. But it is possible to determine the origin of
phraseology.
In modern linguistics, phraseology has become one of the fast-growing branches in translation
theory, oral activities and in many fields. Researches in the field of grammatical, linguistic and semantic
study of phrase units in various languages are being conducted.
When we translate a certain work from one language to another, it is impossible to translate idioms
utilizing word by word/calque strategy. Although much of the phrase materials are embedded in dictionaries
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and other publications, literature on linguistics requires scientific research on the theory of phraseology.
Until recently, the issues of English phraseology have been studied in the history of grammar, stylistics,
linguistics, and language.
The paradigmatic and synthetic characteristics of phraseology indicate the use of grammatical,
morphological, synthetic, and linguistic-semantic tools. As an example, while translating the idiom from
source language into target language, there can be utilized one of them to make the meaning equivalent or
partially equivalent.
Phraseology depends on transference of their components. According to its grammatical-
morphological structure, phraseology differs from verbs, adverbs and other parts of speech. Categories of
words that are part of phraseology sometimes lose their independent meaning. To describe spiritual
satisfaction and aesthetic pleasure in a literary work, they are described in figurative terms. Because the
translated work is a representation of the original work in another language, its image must actually convey
information including cultural notions and norms.
The similarity between phraseology and words is an event of isomorphism. It should also be noted
that there are also many differences between phraseology and words. Linguist A.V. Kunin lists the following
differences between these two language units:
1)
Words and phraseology vary both semantically and structurally;
2)
Phraseology is a combination of words that have a phraseological meaning. Phraseology is based on a
combination of words and these words are made up of morphemes or phrases. They have a linguistic
meaning, and linguistic discipline;
3)
Phraseology is phraseological unit while words are linguistic unit. Phraseology is not formed in the speech
process, such as a combination of words or phrases, but they are present just as readily available in the
language as words. So, phraseology is not a speech phenomenon, but a language event;
Representation of phraseological units in translation: To analyze the translation procedures of
phraseological units from Uzbek and English languages, we will rely upon the classification of Corpas.
According to his point of view, a phraseological unit is characterized by the following criteria [Corpas 1998:
167]: 1) polylexicality; 2) high frequency; 3) familiarity; 4) fixedness; 5) idiomaticity or semantic fixedness;
6)
potential variations or linguistic variations and discursive manipulations (e.g. ask a question, address a
question, pose a question). According to the structure, the phraseological translation process is structured in
three sequential stages:
•
The identification of the phraseological units in the original text;
•
The interpretation of the identified phraseological units;
•
The establishment of a correspondence in the target language, first at the lexical level and then at the
textual level;
Comparing the translation of phraseological units with the translation the text, there are several aspects
to take into consideration and we can draw some conclusions similarities and dissimilarities between them:
a)
identification of the frame of the meaning; b) considering linguo-cultural features of phraseological units.
For some scholars, such as Szyndler [2014: 256], there are essentially two types of PUs: those that share an
image, but differ in meaning, and those that have almost the same meaning, but differ in images, which make
it possible to speak of pseudo-phraseological equivalence. She distinguishes the following: 1) inequivalent
by contrasts of meaning; 2) inequivalent by contrasts in mental images;
Semantic correlation of phraseological units in Uzbek and English languages: Language is the first
element, material, main source of literature. The image that will affect our minds and make us excited,
imagination which are given dictionaries. Translator while working on the language of a masterpiece, there is
a cultural, linguistic difference in the language, especially in the usage of words and their forms.
Literary speech is a figurative speech, a figurative language, because in literary literature, life is
reflected using images which affect the reader as truly happen in real life. With the help of words of these
images and imagination, they impress and excise us which are represented by words. Such figurativeness
increases the stylistic capabilities of phrases, making them one of the strong expressions of the language.
Phraseological units are most commonly used in artistic/literary texts, partly in publicity, in scientific
and popular texts. In literary texts, the role of the phraseological unit is important. To depict the context,
translators usually use PUs for the following purposes: 1) For figurative expression of an event: many phrase
units serves as a specific, visual image as figurative expression of the event.
For example:
Cat got your tongue, I’ll eat my hat.
The function of figurative expression is an internally impressive form - more characteristic of figurative
imagination for phraseological units.
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When we analyze the content of expressions, the usage of some words is different. The wide range of
metonymy, metaphor and similar is the main tool of expressiveness in their content in Uzbek and English
languages.
When determining the object of phraseology, there are different hypotheses. The object of
phraseology is formed by fixed and stable compounds. The science of phraseology is a language that studies
the lexical, contextual, structural features of phraseological units and investigates the properties arise in the
system and use in context. Phraseology reveals the interaction of language and culture which is the highest
peak of linguistic knowledge.
Although the recognition of phraseology as a separate science has increased through several stages, it
has already formed as a separate branch of linguistics, which has its own internal structure, research
questions. Although many problems in it are still waiting for its solution in modern linguistics,
phraseological issues are being investigated step by step.
While conducting comparative analysis of idiomatic expressions from Uzbek language into English,
there is such a huge difference between cultural identity and naming proper names in the content of the
phraseological units. Nevertheless, there are similarities among them. Overall, the target of the research
analysis is to compare and contrast the idiomatic expressions in the process of translation.
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THE CONCEPT “TIME” IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH PROVERBS AND SAYINGS
Suraganova Asem Murat qizi,
Uzbek State World Languages University Master’s student
Annotation:
This article proposes and analyzes the concept of "time" on the basis of the proverbial fund of
Russian and English languages. It was tried to establish the features of the development of Russian and
English proverbs and sayings and to study worldpictureof the concept "time".
Key words:
concept “time”, cognitive linguistics, proverbs, linguistic picture of the world at the moment,
inlight of globalization, the language is particularly interested in cross-cultural understanding. It is important
to note that the concept is a significant topic incognitive linguistics. Cognitive linguistics studies the
