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point, it is caught on that the wolf patronized man as a totem precursor. Conviction within the totem creature
as a defender is showed in pixie stories in giving goats, bulls and chickens the qualities of an astute and
venturesome creature, while the hurt creatures are depicted as defeatists. So, in this kind of pixie stories, this
or that totem creature is the most character, he always does great, makes a difference and plays a decisive
part within the course of occasions.
In general, in the fairy tales of the peoples of the world there are a number of strange creatures such as
horses, rams, deer, deer, wolves, fish, camels, dogs, snakes, lions, which are interpreted as zoomorphic
helpers who help the protagonist when needed. Until then, the protagonist is motivated to save their lives. In
response to this human help, they also support the protagonist when necessary. The protagonist often uses
magic to either rescue a loved one from magic, or capture some magical object, and so on. To sum up, fairy
tales often include magic, talking animals, or a touch of philosophy. Fairy tales don't always contain a moral,
they can be pure entertainment, but often teach about consequences and values like kindness and patience.
REFERENCES
1.
Afzalov M. Uzbek xalq ertaklari haqida. – T.: Fan, 1964. – P. 49.
2.
Akhmedova S.H. (2020). Analysis of general characteristics of the most studied fairy tale genre in
English and Uzbek folklore. Theoretical & Applied Science, (6), 134-136.
3.
Akramov G„. “Go’ro’g’li” turkumida mifologik obrazlar. / Adabiyotshunoslikka oid tadqiqotlar. –
T.: Fan, 1978. – B. 184-194.
4.
Carol K. Mack and Dihan Mack. A Field Guide to Demons, Fairies, Fallen Angels, and Other
Subversive Spirits. New York, 1998.
5.
Djumayeva N.D. Some similarities and divergencies in personafication of edged objects in
English and Uzbek folklore. Namangan davlat universiteti ilmiy axborotnomasi. 2019-yil, 5-son
6.
Yusupov, O. Y. (2020). ETYMOLOGICAL AND PRO-ETYMOLOGICAL DOUBLETS IN
ENGLISH.
Theoretical & Applied Science
, (2), 417-420.
7.
Sulaymanova, N. D. (2015). COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF LOCATIVE
ADESSIVE ELEMENTS IN THE STRUCTURE OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES.
In
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE AT THE CURRENT STAGE OF
THE INTENSIVE INFORMATION TURNOVER
(pp. 12-13).
8.
Yakubovich, Y. O. Journal Homepage:-www. journalijar. com.
9.
Suleymanova, N. J. (2020). CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION THROUGH
LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL CONTENT.
Theoretical & Applied Science
, (4), 645-647.
10.
Бахриева, Н. З., & Юсупов, О. Я. (2017). Деловое общение и диалог культур.
In
ИННОВАЦИИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЯЗЫКОВОМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ
(pp. 10-13).
LEXICO-SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVES
Kengboyeva Mavluda Yuldashbaevna
Teacher at the English linguistics Department
Faculty of Foreign Philology National university of Uzbekistan
named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
To be an effective writer or speaker, you need to build sentences that will grab the person's attention,
no matter how boring the topic may seem. One way to increase the appeal of a topic is to include various
adjectives. Adjectives are words that modify nouns and pronouns by describing specific qualities about them.
A noun is a person, place, or thing such as "Yang", "airport", or "toy". A pronoun is a word that takes the
place of a noun, such as "she", "this" or "that" Surrounding nouns and pronouns with adjectives can
completely transform a sentence. For example, instead of saying: "I went to the park and ate lunch with
Yana", one could say: "Yesterday I went to a beautiful park and ate an amazing picnic lunch with Yana" [2;
10]. The adjectives added more appeal to what was otherwise a very basic restyling of something that
happened on a person's day.
The adjective is one of the most important parts of speech, which is widely used in speech and in
writing. There are several types of adjectives, each with a specific function [1; 50]. To observe take a closer
look at them, as well as some examples. First, a descriptive adjective describes the qualities of a noun or
pronoun, such as smell, taste, texture, appearance, and shape. There are many kinds of adjectives, but this
68
article will discuss the largest group under this type of word - descriptive adjectives. Descriptive adjectives
can simply be defined as a type of adjective that is used to express the size, color, or shape of a person, thing,
animal, or place. They are used to provide additional information to a noun by describing or modifying it.
From the above definition, it can be said that a descriptive adjective adds meaning to the noun it modifies.
This kind of adjective describes the noun in detail by giving an attribute to that particular word [3; 48].
Descriptive adjectives are the most commonly used type of adjective that adds meaning to a noun or
pronoun by describing its qualities. There are thousands of descriptive adjectives in English, so it's not hard
to come up with one. They can tell how big something is, how delicious it is, how something smells, and
more [1]. Let's take a closer look at a few examples of Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson.
The adjectives that describe size are long, big, tall, short, little, great etc.:
The island is nine miles long and five miles wide
[4;19].
Size adjectives, long, big, tall, short, small, great, etc.:
The island is nine miles long and five miles wide
[4;19].
In this sentence, according to their morphological composition, the words long and wide are simple
adjectives. In their meaning and grammatical characteristics, they are qualitative adjectives, since they
directly denote the qualities of a substance.
There are two big ports
[4; 19].
In the following sentence, according to its morphological composition, the word big is a simple adjective. In
its meaning and grammatical characteristics, it is a qualitative adjective, since it directly denotes the qualities
of a substance.
There is a big hill called "Spyglass"
[4; 19].
According to its morphological composition, one can also notice a simple large adjective here. In its meaning
and grammatical characteristics, it is a qualitative adjective, since it directly denotes the qualities of a
substance.
Adjectives describing sound are quiet, loud, noisy, soft, mute, etc.:
Then he looked around him and said in a low voice: "Jim, I'm rich"
[4; 41].
In this sentence, in its morphological composition, the word is quite a simple adjective. In its
meaning and grammatical characteristics, this is a qualitative adjective, since it directly denotes the qualities
of a substance.
Color adjectives - red, white, green, yellow, etc.:
He comes here with a white flag [4; 78].
In its morphological composition, white is a simple adjective. In its meaning and grammatical
characteristics, it is a qualitative adjective, since it directly denotes the qualities of a substance.
However, it wasn't the card from Billy Bones' chest; It was a copy, and there were no red crosses on
it [4; 67].
In the sentence below, in accordance with its morphological composition, the word red is a simple
adjective, and in accordance with its meaning and grammatical characteristics, it is a qualitative adjective,
since it directly denotes the qualities of a substance.
To conclude, in every language, adjectives are important elements of sentences. The use of
adjectives means that we can express the quality of any person or object. Without adjectives, we couldn't tell
what any object looked like. Not only pronouns and adjectives are words that are used to describe something
or someone. Also, when we read a document that is descriptive, the adjective helps us present the content of
what we are reading. Adjectives are important because they describe a noun (person, place, or thing), tell
more about the noun (person, place, or thing), make sentences more interesting, and affect the meaning of
sentences. Whenever we use adjectives, they make our writing visual and vibrant.
REFERENCES
1.
Kachalova K.N. English Grammar. Tashkent. Art Flex. 2012.
2.
Raymond Murphy. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press. 2006.
3.
Kaushanskaya V.L. English grammar. Moscow. 2006.
4.
Stevenson R.L. Treasure Island. Cideb Editrice. 1997.
5.
http://partofspeech.org/kinds-of-adjectives-descriptive-adjectives
6.
Yusupov, O. Y. (2020). ETYMOLOGICAL AND PRO-ETYMOLOGICAL DOUBLETS IN
ENGLISH.
Theoretical & Applied Science
, (2), 417-420.
7.
Sulaymanova, N. D. (2015). COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF LOCATIVE ADESSIVE
ELEMENTS IN THE STRUCTURE OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES. In
DEVELOPMENT
OF THE SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE AT THE CURRENT STAGE OF THE INTENSIVE
INFORMATION TURNOVER
(pp. 12-13).
69
8.
Yakubovich, Y. O. Journal Homepage:-www. journalijar. com.
9.
Suleymanova, N. J. (2020). CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION THROUGH LINGUISTIC AND
CULTURAL CONTENT.
Theoretical & Applied Science
, (4), 645-647.
10.
Бахриева, Н. З., & Юсупов, О. Я. (2017). Деловое общение и диалог культур. In
ИННОВАЦИИ В
СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЯЗЫКОВОМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ
(pp. 10-13).
SEMANTIC FEATURES OF EUPHEMISMS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Khujanazarova Hosiyat Kamoliddin qizi
Faculty of Foreign Philology Department of English Linguistics
1
st
course Master’s Degree
ANNOTATION
The target article presents the semantic features of euphemisms in English and Uzbek languages by the
help of comparative analysis. The concept “euphemism” has not been studied thoroughly in Uzbek language
yet. Especially, while classifying euphemisms according to their semantic and structural features, we will
face up to some challenges in both languages. Therefore, we try to support some valid information by
comparing this phenomenon according to its semantic features.
INTRODUCTION
Comparative issues concerning euphemisms have always been very actual. Nowadays it is important
for translators and interpreters to know specific peculiarities of euphemisms according to their semantic
field. It will remain actual for many years, as language is in progress and new words appear all the time in it.
There are many articles on this topic in linguistics. Along with Western linguists, Eastern linguists are also
conducting in-depth research on this topic.
Language as a means of communication represents social phenomenon. In interpersonal
communication, people swear about certain things, but they can't completely avoid them in verbal
communication. Therefore, the expression of embarrassing, that is, euphemism, came into existence. The
English word "euphemism" is derived from Greek, the prefix "eu" means "good" (good), and the stem
"phemism" means "speech", the whole literal meaning is "words of goodomen "or" good speech" [1]. That
is to say, euphemism is an appropriate form of linguistic expression created by people in social ugly
words with vague, elegant, and eloquent expressions, which avoids hurting others' feeling interaction
for ideal communicative effect. In general, euphemism replaces direct, vulgar, and self-esteem by
speaking directly, and avoids embarrassment. It can be seen that euphemisms are common in various
languages and are widely used in all aspects of life, such as politics, economy, culture, and religion.
Therefore, euphemism is an important part of vocabulary and it is essential to know how to use it among the
public due to its semantic peculiarities.
MAIN PART
Dealt with the phenomenon of euphemism each of the linguistic scholars is based on its different
characteristics tried to make their classifications to one degree or another. This is as the case is as
multifaceted as other linguistic units the classifications focus on different aspects of euphemisms and the
results obtained also vary. It is diversity although it may seem contradictory, it actually serves to
complement each other.
On the basis of lexical-semantic relations of euphemistic units types.
Meaningful euphemisms
- Euphemism in the speech layer of language electrically charged wound -
complete with renaming in the sense of organizing methodological information friendship characterized by.
It represents the ethics and aesthetics of the nation, the national spirit, manners and is a delicacy that reflects
the uniqueness of the culture of treatment. The concept of
"death"
in the work of art development or
spontaneously formed in different situations and languages. Negative or positive, cultured image speech
differs from comic part speech therefore, in turn, euphemistic information is also divided into several types.
This is an argotic euphemism that is understandable to a large group of people a curse known only to the
participant involved in the vowel, reflecting the insult euphemistic units differ.
Homonymic euphemisms
. Expressing a concept in different ways is, of course, convenient for
speech. However, the Uzbek language has the same euphemistic meaning in different contexts shows how
beautiful it is.
Nega har narsaga yetgan aqling shunga kelganda oqsaydir?” “Why do you have a mind that
does everything is not enough to that.”
[2] The writer has a delicate sense of mental culture indicates that.
Instead of the expression "yetmaydi", the word “oqsaydir” is so much in the same sentence that the speaker
utters from his mouth is no rude attitude.
