The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
46
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TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
46-48
10.37547/tajmspr/Volume07Issue03-08
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
03 January 2025
ACCEPTED
05 February 2025
PUBLISHED
13 March 2025
VOLUME
Vol.07 Issue03 2025
CITATION
Abdurakhmanova Sitora Ibragimovna, & Temirgaliev Azamat Amirovich.
(2025). Effect Of Melatonin on Pregnancy Onset: A Comparative Analysis of
Efficacy. The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical
Research, 46
–
48. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/Volume07Issue03-08
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
Effect Of Melatonin on
Pregnancy Onset: A
Comparative Analysis of
Efficacy
Abdurakhmanova Sitora Ibragimovna
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tashkent
State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Temirgaliev Azamat Amirovich
Assistant, Israel Medical Center of Human Reproduction and Family
Health, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Abstract:
In Uzbekistan, the sphere of ART is relatively
new and the problems of pregnancy after ART
procedures remain both a socio-psychological and
economic problem. The article discusses the effect of
melatonin use on the probability of pregnancy as the
first clinical trials in this country. A comparative analysis
of the results between groups of women who used
melatonin and a control group is made. The physiologic
mechanisms of melatonin action, its effect on
reproductive health and the prospects for its use in
clinical practice are highlighted. Clinical trials using
melatonin in the field of assisted reproductive
technologies (ART) are conducted for the first time in
Uzbekistan. This is an innovative approach aimed at
studying the effectiveness and safety of this drug in
improving reproductive indicators in patients.
Keywords:
IVF, melatonin, pregnancy, fertility,
embryos, oocytes, antioxidant.
Introduction:
Current research in reproductive
medicine is actively investigating the role of hormones
and metabolic regulators in pregnancy. One such
regulator is melatonin, the major epiphysis hormone
responsible for synchronizing circadian rhythms. In
addition to its role in sleep regulation, melatonin exerts
antioxidant effects, protecting cells from oxidative
stress, which is particularly important for maintaining
oocyte and embryo health. It is for these parameters
that in recent years melatonin has come to be
considered not only as a sleep regulator, but also as an
active substance that plays an important role in the
reproductive system. It has antioxidant, anti-
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The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on cells.
Melatonin is of particular interest in the context of
assisted reproductive technologies (ART) because,
according to several studies, it can improve the quality
of the endometrium and contribute to successful
embryo implantation, which is particularly important
for women with endometrial abnormalities or
implantation difficulties.
The present article is devoted to analyzing the
effectiveness of melatonin use in women with
different fertility indicators.
Physiological role of melatonin in the reproductive
system
Melatonin is involved in the regulation of biological
processes, which includes hormonal balance and
interaction with reproductive organs. Its antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory properties help protect cells
from damage and improve the overall conditions for
reproductive function. Studies show that melatonin
helps reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in
tissues of the ovaries, endometrium and other
reproductive organs.
The endometrium is a key structure for successful
embryo implantation and further development of
pregnancy. The thickness, structure and receptivity of
the endometrium play a crucial role in the success of
the ART procedure. Melatonin can positively affect the
endometrium in the following ways:
Antioxidant activity.
Melatonin is a potent antioxidant capable of
neutralizing free radicals and preventing cellular
damage. Under conditions of oxidative stress, which is
often present in women undergoing HRT treatment,
melatonin helps maintain a healthy cellular
environment by minimizing oxidative damage. This
improves the environment for endometrial receptivity,
which is an important factor for successful
implantation.
Anti-inflammatory effect.
Inflammatory processes play an important role in
preparing the endometrium for implantation, but
excessive inflammation can disrupt this process.
Melatonin modulates the production of pro-
inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6),
which plays a role in endometrial preparation, but
when overactive can interfere with implantation.
Melatonin can balance inflammatory responses,
creating a more favorable environment for the
embryo.
Enhancement of endometrial receptivity
Preparing the endometrium for implantation requires
the interaction of a number of hormones, including
progesterone. Melatonin can influence progesterone
receptor expression, improving endometrial secretory
activity, which is particularly important in the late luteal
phase. Through this mechanism, melatonin is thought to
help create favorable conditions for embryo
attachment.
Improvement of microcirculation in the endometrium
Melatonin also has an effect on the microcirculation of
the endometrium. Improved blood flow helps deliver
more nutrients and oxygen to the cells, which promotes
endometrial growth and regeneration. This can be
especially helpful for women with thin endometrium,
who usually have a lower chance of successful
implantation.
Most studies consider a melatonin dosage of 3 to 6 mg
before bedtime, which helps in maintaining circadian
rhythm and creates an antioxidant effect. However, the
optimal dosage and duration of administration remains
a matter of debate as there may be individual
differences in melatonin metabolism in different
patients.
Purpose of the study
To evaluate the effect of melatonin supplementation on
pregnancy probability, oocyte quality, ovulatory cycle
regulation and general condition of women undergoing
assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures.
Material and Methods
Two groups of women were selected for analysis:
1. experimental group (n=30): women taking the drug
melatonin at a dosage of 3 mg per day for 3 months
during ovarian stimulation, before and after embryo
transfer.
2. Control group (n = 30): women not taking melatonin.
Inclusion criteria:
- Age: 25-40 years (mean age 33.6 ± 1.2 years).
- Absence of severe somatic diseases affecting fertility.
- Diagnosis of infertility and participation in an ART
program.
Research Methods:
1. Pregnancy rate: was determined by the number of
clinically confirmed pregnancies in each group.
2. Oocyte and embryo quality: evaluated based on
embryo morphology and oxidative stress levels
determined by biochemical methods.
3. Regulation of the ovulatory cycle: investigated
according to the menstrual diaries provided by the
patients.
4. General condition: assessed on the basis of
questionnaires (sleep quality and stress level) and
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The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
biochemical markers (cortisol).
Student's t-
test for quantitative data and χ² for
frequency measures were used to compare groups.
RESULTS
1. Frequency of pregnancy occurrence:
The experimental group was 15% more likely to
become pregnant compared to the control group
(56.7% vs. 41.7%, p < 0.05).
2. Quality of oocytes and embryos:
- Women taking melatonin showed a 15% reduction in
oxidative stress levels.
- Morphologically high-quality embryos were observed
in 70% of patients in the experimental group, which is
20% higher than in the control group.
3. Regulation of the ovulatory cycle: in the
experimental group, normalization of the menstrual
cycle was observed in 30% of women who suffered
from irregular ovulation, while in the control group this
indicator was only 10% (p < 0.05).
4- General condition: the experimental group reported
a 40% improvement in sleep and a 35% reduction in
stress levels, as evidenced by a decrease in serum
cortisol levels. These changes had a positive effect on
women's general well-being, potentially improving
preparation for ART.
DISCUSSION
The results of the study confirm the positive effects of
melatonin on reproductive function. The antioxidant
activity of the hormone protects oocytes from damage,
and improved sleep helps to restore hormonal
balance.
However, it is important to take into account the
individual characteristics of the div. Melatonin is not
a universal remedy, and its use should be
recommended by a doctor after diagnosis.
CONCLUSION
The use of melatonin in preparation for pregnancy
shows encouraging results. Its use may be a promising
adjunct to infertility treatments, especially in women
with oxidative stress and sleep disorders.
Further studies involving larger samples and long-term
follow-up will allow for a more precise assessment of
the effects of melatonin on reproductive health.
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