No. 3 (2022) Archive

Walking the path of knowledge has not always been easy. According to the great poet Muhammadrizo Ogahi, this road has "one pleasure, one thousand pleasures, one thousand worries." But it is also true that if the traveler is steady, he will eventually reach his destination. Academician Naim Karimov, a famous literary critic of our time, is one of the scientists who enjoy the work of science and find honor.

The article discusses the issues of the powers of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Russian Federation in the field of international cooperation, as well as its priority areas.

This article contains information on the method of treatment of cattle trichophitis with fluconazole and butasol-100.

Purpose. To analyze optical and biometric indicators of children's eyes with various stages of congenital juvenile glaucoma (CJG) combined with myopia. Material and methods. We examined 17 patients (31 eyes) aged 11 to 17 (averagely 14.0 ± 0.2 years) diagnosed with CYG who underwent, prior to surgical or conservative treatment, a regular ophthalmological examination supplemented with the measurement of the central corneal thickness (on an automatic contactless tonometer-pachymeter by NIDEK, USA), and the index of corneal deformation (ICD) by the Shkrebets technique. Results. The analysis showed a possible correlation between 1) tonometric intraocular pressure (P) and the axial length of the eye, 2) P t and the ratio of excavation to optic disk diameter (E/ON), 3) axial length of the eye and the central corneal thickness at the terminal CYG stage, and 4) the axial length and the refraction at the initial stage of CYG. Conclusion. As the glaucomatous process progresses, children with CYG combined with myopia show an increase of myopic refraction, a decrease in fibrous membrane rigidity, pretrabecular and trabecular changes, axial elongation, increased IOP due to an imbalance between the production of intraocularfluid and its outflow, an expansion of the excavation of the optic disk and a decrease in the central corneal thickness.

The article presents the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program providing exclusively breastfeeding, early administration of antioxidants and metabolic drugs at 1 year of life and a personalized approach to rehabilitation with exercise therapy, massage and speech development classes at 1-3 years of life contributed to improving physical development indicators, motor development milestones, strengthening children's health and improving somatic pathology indicators: reduction of anemia, rickets, functional diarrhea, ARI by 2-2.5 times.

The synthesis of natural auto-ABs in a healthy organism is maintained within certain limits necessary for the latter to perform certain regulatory functions, and their excess, as well as insufficient production, can lead to the development of pathological conditions. The study of autoantibodies that reflect the imunculus - a molecular cast of the body at the current time point, allows us to draw conclusions at an intermediate level between transcriptomics and metabolomics, i.e. still at the preclinical stage, being a kind of "biochemical biopsy" The data presented in the literature indirectly indicate that a deep analysis of changes in the serum content of autoantibodies today is the most effective tool for preclinical diagnosis of most diseases, which must be introduced into medical practice

The role of grapes in the national economy is of particular importance. In this article, we analyzed the statistical observations of the total amount of grapes produced in Samarkand region in 2015-2021 in the district section. The results of the observed analysis showed that initially Bulungur district was considered the leading district in terms of grape cultivation, and since 2018, Urgut district has been in the first place in terms of grape cultivation. In 2021, 387,910 tons of grapes were produced in Samarkand region.

In this study, phenological observations of different cultivars of Ishida peach were observed from 2018 to 2020 during periods of widespread disease. The obtained results show that the yield of peach varieties Fesey and Okosukhi is good and it was observed that it was 11.6 kg/d and 14.6 kg/d, respectively.

Today, special attention is paid to research institutes in our country. To this end, knowing their current situation and potential is an important aspect of making a plan for the future. In this study, we statistically analyzed the work of the Charkhin Experimental Station of the Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Enology
named after Academician M. Mirzayev in the field of horticulture over the past three years. According to the results of the analysis, grape seedlings were grown mainly at this experimental station, and the share of apple, apricot, plum and peach seedlings was slightly higher. We have seen a partial increase in grape seedlings in 2021 compared to2019. Apple seedlings will be grown in 2020 and 2021, as well as Fuji, Pink Lady and
Flamingo. 

Currently, the development of critical thinking in students is considered one of the tasks of foreign language teachers. What is critical thinking? This is an objective assessment of a situation or event, a person's ability to question incoming information and even his own beliefs and conclusions. This article discusses the use of critical thinking technology techniques.

Thyroid function disorders are the most common pathology of endocrine glands, which has a significant
impact on the physical and mental development of children.
Diagnosis of thyroid pathology in newborns and infants is very difficult. They are caused by peculiarities of
functional activity of the thyroid gland in newborns and infants, postnatal modifications of pituitary-thyroid
system, as well as numerous "masks" of other pathological processes, under which thyroid pathology can
hide. In addition, the formation and functional activity of the child's thyroid gland is closely related to the
health of the mother and the course of pregnancy. Transient neonatal hypothyroidism (TNH) is reversible,
and thyroid function subsequently recovers, but intellectual development disorders remain lifelong.
Unfortunately, data on the consequences of neonatal transient hypothyroidism are rather fragmentary and
contradictory. Aim. The aim of the present study was to investigate the features of mental development in children with
congenital transient hypothyroidism during the neonatal period.
Material and Methods: clinical-psychopathological, clinical-catamnestic, experimental-psychological and
statistical research methods.
Results. Based on learning and applying research methods, were first studied long-term results of neonatal
transient form of hypothyroidism to 11 years. The validity of the timely use of thyroid drugs in combination
with neuroprotective showed efficiency.
Conclusion. Given the paramount role of thyroid hormones in the formation and maturation of the nervous
system in children, the special significance of transient hypothyroidism among other endocrinopathies of
newborns and children becomes obvious, which necessitates its further study.

The purpose of the study. Optimization of anesthesia by using the low-opioid anesthesia technique for thoracoplasty in children.

Materials and methods. Analyzed the course of anesthesia in 48 patients aged 3 to 14 years, operations for pectus excavatum in children. The distribution of patients into groups was carried out depending on the technique of anesthesia. Group 1 (main) consisted of 25 children who underwent general anesthesia using low doses of fentanyl, sevoflurane and propofol. group 2 (control) - 23 children who underwent general anesthesia with fentanyl and propofol. Echocardiography was used to determine hemodynamic parameters. The dynamics of changes in the level of cortisol in the blood and the concentration of catecholamines (adrenaline, norepinephrine, dopamine) in the blood was studied.

Results. In children of the first group, during the introductory period of anesthesia, there was a decrease in CI, an increase in heart rate and UPS. Stroke index (SI), mean arterial pressure (MAP),

cardiac index (CI) changed insignificantly compared to the previous stage of the study. In the children of the second group in the most traumatic stages of the operation, there was an increase in SI, HR, and AI. In the most traumatic stages of the operation and after the operation in children of the first group, there was a tendency to increase cortisol, in the second group of patients, an increase in cortisol was noted.

As is known, postoperative analgesia is the main part of intensive care in pediatric cardiac surgery. In recent years, many scientists and practitioners have paid attention to safe methods of anesthesia and sedation after surgical interventions, while non-opioid analgesics and anxiolytics play an important role.

The article deals with the expression of the idea of national independence through poetic symbols in the poetry of Abdulkhamid's son Suleiman Cholpan. The poet's lyrics express analytical thoughts about the poetic function of such symbols as dreams, chains, clouds, stars, dawn. As a result of the analysis, scientific generalizations were made that these poetic symbols represent a symbol of a country under the yoke of tyranny, the poet's dream and aspiration for the freedom of the nation, the independence of the Motherland.

The mitral valve is a complex, complex anatomical structure that consists of 4 main components: FCMC, the valve leaflets themselves, tendinous chords and papillary muscles. Accordingly, the normal operation of the valve depends on the correct operation of each individual component, and the dysfunction of one of the structures can lead to disruption of the valve and the further development of insufficiency.

The human thyroid gland is an unpaired organ consisting of two lobes connected by an isthmus. Normally, the thyroid gland is located on the anterior surface of the neck, fixed to the anterior and lateral surfaces of the trachea and larynx with connective tissue. The cells of the thyroid gland have a dual origin.

This article scrutinizes current economic reforms in Uzbekistan, effecting on tax and taxation. The role of government and its laws on taxing system is analyzed. The contribution of taxes in GDP is researched according to the types of taxes. The data collected from the last five years are compared and essential conclusions are drawn. The impact of the reduction of rates of taxes and mandatory payments in the country and the improvement of mechanisms for their collection have been analyzed in the article

The urgency of the problem of diagnostics and treatment of purulent-inflammatory  diseases  of  the  PMO  is  determined  by  the  need  for  further  study  and development of fundamentally new methods for predicting the nature of the course and increasing the effectiveness of treatment. Existing diagnostic methods, including clinical ones, do not always allow adequate monitoring of the pathological process, which does not give the doctor a timely, effective correction of the patient's treatment. The review describes the modern foundations of the complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of  the  maxillofacial  region.  The  question  is  raised  about  the  need  to  develop  new therapeutic measures to combat this disease

The organization and holding of this complex is possible only in the conditions of a large specialized center. Of all the presented results of studies on the influence of groups of risk factors on the development of congenital cleft lip and palate  in  children  related  to  heredity,  lifestyle,  environment,  the  influence  of  the  organization  of  medical  care  remains unexplored.

Оламнинг гултожи инсон бўлса, инсонларнинг буюги, аввало, ибратли ота-она,  сўнгра  устоз-мураббийлардир.  Инсон  борки,  ўзига  таълим  берган, қўлига дунёнинг маънавиймаърифий дурдоналари хазинасини очувчи билим калитини тутқазган зотни “устоз” деб улуғлайди.  Оламдаги барча яхшилик, илму маърифат, меҳр-саховат отадай улуғ зотлар туфайлидир.

Заболевания сердца и сосудов, ассоциированные с атеросклерозом, на протяжении 20 лет являются лидерами среди причин смертности людей во всем мире. По официальным данным Глобальных оценок состояния здоровья ВОЗ из Информационного Бюллетеня ВОЗ от 09.12.2020, именно они занимают первую позицию в списке десяти ведущих причин смертности [1]. Что касается Узбекистана, вопросы заболеваемости и смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний были предметом рассмотрения Президентом Узбекистана Ш.М. Мирзиёевым на видеоселекторном совещании, прошедшем 9 ноября 2021 года и посвященном проблемам заболеваемости и смертности населения страны от этой патологии, которая достигла величины в 53% от общей смертности [2].

В данной статье затрагивается тема влияния физического воспитания на интеллектуальное развитие ребенка дошкольного возраста.