All articles - Food Science and Technology

Xlorella hujayrasi bilan achitqi tarkibidagi faol moddalar o‘zaro taqqoslanganda - inozit 1.5, biotin 2, pantogen kislota 1.3, para – aminobenzoy kislota 2.9 marta ko‘p bo‘lgan. Xlorella tarkibida mavjud B 12 achitqida bo‘lmaydi. Xlorella vitaminlar manbasi bo‘lganligi sababli, yuksak o‘simliklar uchun vitaminli ozuqa bo‘lishi mumkin [1].

Oziq-ovqat sanoati hamda tibbiy amaliyotda kashtan ekstrakti asosidagi olingan qushimchlar suyuq (Eskuzan va boshqalar), ham quruq ekstraktlar (Esflazid, Reparil va boshqalar) keng qo'llaniladi. Kashtan mevasidan olingan turli konsentratsiyali ekstraktlaridan foydalaniladi [1].

Stevia rebaudiana o‘simlik bargidan ajratib olinadigan steviol glikozidlarni asosiy qismini steviozid 6-10% dan iborat bo‘lib, uning ta’midagi taxirligi inson iste’moli uchun noqulayliklarga keltirib chiqarib, foydalanish imkoniyatlarini cheklaydi. Ushbu muammoni yechish uchun fermentativ modifikatsiyalash reaksiyalari yordamida taxir ta’mini yo‘qotishga e’tibor qaratildi.

Oziq-ovqat sanoatining un tegirmoni uchun asosiy vazifalardan biri yuqori biologik ahamiyatga ega bo'lgan barqaror sifatli mahsulotlarni, xususan, oqsilni ishlab chiqarishdir. Kerakli sifatli unni olishda noananaviy xomashyolarni qo’llab un sifatini yaxshilash bugungu kunda asosiy dolzarb vazifalardan biri hisoblanadi.

Ma’lumotlarga ko‘ra, 2050 yilga borib, insonlar soni 9.1 mlrd. ga etib, ularni oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari bilan ta’minlashda katta muammolar paydo bo‘ladi. Hayvon oqsiliga bo‘lgan talab keskin oshib ketishi natijasida, keyingi 35 yil davomida go‘sht mahsulotlarini ishlab chiqarishni 72% ga oshirish talab etiladi. Bu esa foydalanilayotgan qishloq xo‘jalik er maydonlarining 3/2 qismida chorva mollarini etishtirish taqazo etadi. Bu esa o‘z navbatida er maydonlaridan, suv zahiralaridan samarali foydalanish, atrof muhitga ajraladigan is gazining keskin ko‘payishiga sabab bo‘lishi bilan bir qatorda, juda katta miqdorda ozuqa mahsulotlari etishtirish muammosini ham keltirib chiqaradi. Mazkur muammolarni hal etish uchun muqobil manba sifatida ozuqabop hasharotlardan foydalanish zaruriyati paydo bo‘lmoqda.

Melaninlar tabiiy pigment bo‘lib, oqsil tarkibli tirozin, dioksifenilalanin yoki katexolaminning oksidlanish polimerizatsiyasi hosilasidir.
Melanin hosil bo‘lish jarayoni quyidagicha kechadi. Ribosoma va Goldji kompleksi ishtirokida oqsillardan fosfolipidlar va tirozinaza fermenti sintezi ro‘y beradi. Bular kelajakda melanosomlarning tarkibiy elementi hisoblanib, Goldji kompleksiga o‘tadi va u yerda oraliq pufakchalarda yuzaga keladi. Xuddi shu paytda melaninning sintezi substrati bo‘lmish tirozin aminokislotasi hosil bo‘ladi [1]

Данная статья рассматривает актуальные вопросы оптимизации экономического роста Узбекистана путем развития плодоовощных кластеров. Авторы освещают значимость плодоовощных кластеров как инструмента для стимулирования экономического развития страны. В статье обсуждаются ключевые аспекты, такие как внедрение современных технологий в сельском хозяйстве, развитие инфраструктуры, маркетинг и продвижение продукции, а также вопросы устойчивости и экологической безопасности производства. В контексте современных вызовов и возможностей авторы подчеркивают важность комплексного подхода и сотрудничества между государством, бизнесом и научными институтами для успешной реализации потенциала плодоовощных кластеров в развитии экономики Узбекистана.

Subjects of research: stone fruits (apricot, peach, plum) and subtropical plants (pomegranate, persimmon) grown in Uzbekistan.
Purpose of work: To study the biological and food value of fruits such as apricot, peach, plum, fruit storage regimes of these plants, the forming of advantage direction is rational use of fruits of these species to expand the range of the consumer products produced food industry of the republic for domestic needs and it export.
Methods of research: During investigation to be used a field, laboratorical and chemical methods.
The results obtained and their novelty: The first time in the country held a full-scale study to influince of breed-kind of stone fruits, subtropical plants, and environmental growth conditions to change of product properties arc carbohydrative, protein, vitamin content and food properties of fruits, it is allowed to develop a theoretical base improvement technology of fruit storage and obtaining of biocnergetically valuable products with orientieal functional significance. It was studied dynamical changing in biochemical composition of fruits, breeds and varieties of stone fruits and subtropical plants in connection with the methods and storage method, it is showed the advantage of fruit storaging in a gas modified environment, which allows to increase the duration of storage, safety and food properties of fruit.
Practical value: Based on the studies revealed the most valuable varieties of stone fruits and subtropical plants, the fruits of which can be successfully used for the supply of fresh and processed form. The experimental data of the biochemical composition of fruits of high-quality plants will be used in the preparation of promotional tools and tutorials on fruit and vegetable merchandising products.
Producing recommendations on the use of plastic packaging materials for storage of stone fruits in modified atmosphere. The efficiency of the use of kernels of apricots and peaches in the confectionery and baking industry as an additive to enhance the dressers nutritional value of foods.
Practical value:On base of passing investigation revealed the most valuable sorts of stone fruits and subtropical plants, which can be successfully using for nutrition in fresh and it products. Experimental data of sorting fruits biochemical contents will be used in the preparation of inquiry and informational textbook by coommodity conducting of fruit and vegetable products.
It was proposed to industry using polymer packaging materials for stotage stone fruits in gas modified environment.
It is proved effectivity of using apricot and peach kernels in confection and bread baking industry as addition for increasing food value of products.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: The results of investigation is introduced storage of pomegranates in the activities of storaging up and commercial enterprises, and Sariosiyo and Shcrabad districts of Surkhandarya region.Economical effectiveness in this method of storage, in depending on the selected sorts contents from 448 up to 662 sums per 1 tn of products, which is confirmed with the introduction act. Storaging of plum in hermetieal polyethelene packaging with a capacity 1.5 kg provides receipt profits by sort from 698 up to 842 sums per 1 tn of products.
Field of application: The received results arc recommended to be used in activities of storaging up, commercial and fruit processing enterprises.