All articles - Materials Science

Subjects of the research: The ring spinning machine «Zinser», cotton fiber and yarn samples produced from it.
Purpose of work: Improve the quality of yarn on the basis of theoretical research and practical and optimization of parameters of ring spinning machine «Zinser».
Method of research: Of properties of yarn carried on the researching equipment of certification center named after «CENTEXUZ» at TITLI, also on the modern test equipment installed in the laboratory branch of “Gurlan teks” foreign company “Muruvvat teks”. There are used the theory of mechanics of yarns, methods of mathematical statistics and analysis of the experiment in this thesis.
The results obtained and their novelty: The influence of spindle speed and twist on the properties of the yarn was studied. Defined the dominant influence on the properties of the yarn twist, and with increasing number of twist the difference of actual twist increases than nominal. Justified that by changing the size of the triangle of twisting may improve the structure of the yarn and improving its quality. Strain components are estimated with great accuracy using strain created by the test apparatus. Determined that the compact yarn has a higher tensile force compared to the conventional yarn by 14% and hairiness below 80%.
Practical value: Based on research of the effect speed spindle and twist on the properties of the yarn recommended optimal operating parameters of high-speed ring spinning machines. Rationale for ways to improve the quality of the actual yarn is of great practical importance.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: The results of the thesis introduced in the spinning machine with 1200 spindles in branch “Gurlan teks” foreign company “Muruvvat teks” and economic efficiency of 43180.35 thousand sum. per year.
Field of application: Mills of spinning.

Subject of the inquiry: mountain rivers of the Chirchik - Ahangaran basin.
Aim of the inquiry: improvement of the methods of quantitative estimation of the erosion activity and runoff of suspended sediments of small mountain rivers on the basis of standard hydrometeorological materials of the observation.
Method of inquiry: genetic analysis, thermal analysis; methods of mathematical statistics, cartographic methods, method of the geographical generalization and others.
The results achieved and their novelty: in the thesis for the first time:
- made the estimation or the extent of exploration of the runoff of water and suspended sediments of small mountain rivers of the Chirchik - Ahangaran basin and specialized databank;
- established the relationship between the runoff of suspended sediments of the small mountain rivers and meteorological elements;
- specified the values of indices of river sediments and made the quantitative estimation of the erosion activity of small mountain rivers;
- improved the equation of the sediment balance and methods of the calculation of mountain water reservoirs silting;
- made the estimation of the change of intensity of water erosion in small mountain river basins in connection with the change of climate.
Practical value: the results of the exploration can serve as the basis for the rational use of water reservoirs and during the development projects of the countererosion measurements the creation network of nature protection objects, rational of the water-land and hydroenergy resources of the Chirchik-Ahangaran basin.
Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: the materials and results of the thesis are used in the academic process the National University named after Mirzo Ulugbek. In prospect, the results of the exploration can be used in the purposes of specification of the silting volume of water in other regions of the country.
Sphere of usage: hydrological calculations, hydraulic engineering, hydroenergy, protection and rational use of water recources.

Subjects of the inquiry: the natural silk, fibroin, polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, waste of the silk.
Aim of the inquiry: the development ways receptions plastic material on base departure fibroin natural silk and polyethylene to low density at variation of their contents, study of their structure and physico-mcchanical, chemical characteristic; the study of the possibility of the practical use got plastic material in light industry.
Method of inquiry: optical and electronic spectroscopy, IR- Spectroscopy, sorption, X-ray analysis, DSC and others.
The results achieved and their novelty: technologies of the reception of the plastic material is designed in the first with given and best working characteristic on base fibroin silk and polyethylene, as well as more cheap and available cheese - a departure of the natural silk, which arc offered for broad use in light industry (textile, shoe and etc.).
Practical value: got plastic material arc recommended for use of light industry.
Degree of embed and economic effeeveness: called on test in condition Chirchikskoy baby shoe factory "KIBO" and on private enterprise "Gambct-alpha" have shown that economic effect from introduction plastic material on one footwear forms more than 150 bags.
Sphere of usage: in light industry (textile, shoe and etc.).

Subjects of research: alkaloids harminc and hannaline, Zn(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Re(IV), Mo(VI), V(V), Co(III), Cr(III), Fe(III), Ni(II).
Purpose of work: To synthesize and research new coordination compounds of d-mctals with biologically active carboline alkaloids. To determine the conditions of complex formation of carbolinc alkaloids with d-mctals and their biological activity.
Methods of research: chemical, physicochemical, physical.
The results obtained and their novelty: For the first time a number of complexes of harmaline, harminc and its fluorine derivative were synthesized. Their properties were determined by means of electronic, IR-, PMR-spectroscopics, elementary and dcrivatographic analyses. With the help of quantum-chemical methods PM3 the energetic characteristics, bond lengths, valence angles of free ligands and their ion forms were calculated. Based on the orbital and charge control the most possible centers of localization of coordination bonds were determined. For the first time crystal structures of two novel harmaline complexes were deciphered. Phytotoxic and biological activities of synthesized compounds were determined.
Scientific and practical value: Developed conditions and methods of synthesis of complex compounds can be used as the bases for practical purpose oriented syntheses of similar coordination compounds along with prediction of properties and structure of coordination compounds of d-mctals with alkaloid derivatives. The results of quantum-chemical analysis of ligands and for the first time obtained by means of X-ray analysis crystal characteristics of novel coordination compounds can be used as reference information.
Determined biological activity of synthesized coordination compounds denotes to their possible use for development of substances with anti-cancer activity.
Degree of embed and economical efficiency: Obtained experimental data have been used in educational process at the department of inorganic and analytical chemistry of National University of Uzbekistan.
Application field: inorganic chemistry, coordination chemistry, agriculture, medicine.

Subjects of research: process of the recovering the worn-out circle of the riding and ridge whole founder wheel freiht-car automatic much electrode smelting.
Purpose of work: development of the motivation of the way of the reconstruction to surfaces of the riding whole founder wheel of the freiht-cars with provision for their tense- deformation conditions.
Methods of research: mathematical, method of the numerical analysis, experimental studies tense-deformation conditions, metallographic research, measurement to hardness.
The results obtained and their novelty: is studied regularity of the origin tense- deformation conditions, defining structure and characteristic of the material whole.
For the first time designed methods of the study tense- deformation conditions at much electrode process smelting to surfaces of the riding travell.
Installed that maximum temporary voltages, exceeding limit to toughness of the material travell, arc reached in surface layer at the temperature over 500°C. Reduce the danger of the forming the hot rifts by possible by reductions to heat power of the mode smelting.
Practical value: designed and approved in Public supervision "Uzzhcldorrcmmash" Instruction on adjustment and usages much electrode installation for repair personnel ОАО "Yolrcftrans" GAZHK. "Uzbekistan temir yullari".
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: result of the executed studies in welding laboratory TASHIIT automatic much electrode smelting were smelting experimental smelting freiht-cars in amount 10 pieces, four from which pass the experienced to run in under cars.
Smelting travell is sent in UP "O'ZTEMIRYO'LMASHTA'MIR" for use in cars railroad yard GAZHK "Uzbekistan temir yullari". The expected effect from this will form 123, 89 mln.sum.
Field of application: enterprises GAZHK "Uzbekistan temir yullari", connected with repair of the rolling stock. The Research institutes and rcscarch-and-production associations.

Relevance and demand of the subject of dissertation. Reception of materials with special physical, biological and chemical properties on a basis nanotechnology puts new problems all over the world. Under the statistical data, annually in the world for working out of materials on a basis nanotechnology arc annually spent 8-10 billion dollars the USA, including in the countries of Europe and the CIS 2-3, in industrially developed states of 6-7 billion dollars.
With finding of independence of our country the special attention is given to workings out of constructional materials based on high technologies where certain results on reception of new constructional materials on the basis of tungsten and reception of new materials on the basis of ultradisperse powders of tungsten hi-tech plasma-chemical arc reached by a method.
Reception of powders carbide metals and working out of new constructional materials with application modem scientific and technical means, is considered one of actual problems. In particular, reception of ultradisperse powders of tungsten also is one of current problems of today. As received plasma-chemical ultradisperse powders of tungsten completely answer with a method mechanical and to technology requirements their application is rather expedient. Besides, materials received on the basis of ultradisperse powders, completely answer physical, chemical and to the technology requirements shown to firm alloys. Therefore reception of materials with fine-grained structure has important scientifically-practical value. The data set forth above testifies to an urgency of a dissertational theme.
The given dissertational research in certain degree serves performance of problems provided in the decision of the President Rcspublic Uzbekistan LA.Karimov of software №530 from December, 14th, 2006 about «Distant-shcm development of a mineral raw material base of tungsten deposits of Republic» and in the decision of the President of Republic Uzbekistan of I.A.Karimov of software №1590 from July, 29th, 2011 «Measures of deepening of localisation of manufacture of finished goods, components products and materials on 2011-2013 on the basis of industry cooperation», and also in other is standard-legal documents accepted in given sphere.
Reasearch goal Working out creation of constructional materials with use of ultradisperse powders of refractory metals, and also theoretically is and experimentally to prove must industrial development of ultradisperse powders of tungsten in manufacture of composite machine-building materials.
For object in view realisation following research problems arc defined:
To spend thermophysieal calculation of change of the latent warmth of evaporation in plasma-chemical the reactor;
To develop technological positions of restoration oxide tungsten in the hydrogen environment;
To create new constructional materials with use of ultradisperse powders of tungsten and its connections;
To introduce design and technological corrective amendments in installation of hydrogen plasma restoration ПУВ-300;
To reveal conditions of reception of ultradisperse powders of tungsten set particle size distribution structure and to provide demanded passivation of powders and to investigate their physical, chemical and technological properties for reception of compact metal, fine powders of carbide of tungsten, firm alloys and composite materials;
Creation of a powder with reception demanded quality of a powder on the basis of the analysis of morphology, structure, phase and impurity structures of ultradisperse powders of tungsten;
To develop technological modes of thermal processing with reference to concrete kinds carbide tools with use of ultradisperse powders of tungsten.
Scientific novelty of research consists in the following: plazmyk the reactor the new design is developed for reception of ultradisperse powders of refractory metals;
The technology of pressing and sintering of materials from fine-grained powders metals is developed;
Methods of manufacturing cutting bimetallic tools and thermal processing of fast-cutting steels arc developed;
The technology providing uniform course of the latent thermal evaporation in the reactor plazmyk is developed;
The method of thermal processing of a fast-cutting steel of the adaptation providing to reliable work is developed for processing of metals at the expense of an optimum structural structure of bimetallic composites.
Conclusion
It is shown that by far the leading role played by plasma technology, which allows intensifying the process of obtaining pure metals, ensuring the preservation of their special physico-chemical and technological properties and the creation of materials with enhanced performance characteristics.
Grounded geometric and technological parameters of the new reactor for ПУВ-300 arc based on the modernization of the existing technologies.
On the basis of theoretical and experimental research and analysis of the results for the first time offer a comprehensive scientific, technical and technological methods and recommendations to identify further ways of development of high-tech processes in mechanical engineering, contributing to the development and expansion of scientific research, as well as being important for the sectors of the economy as a whole.
The following may be mentioned as the main findings of the research:
1.Study aerodynamic particle movement process of boiling a liquid-gas phase environment is scientifically proved and selected mathematical model to estimate the average speed of the fall in the output section of the jet nozzle reactor RSV-300, which made it possible to establish a pattern and change the latent heat from the basic thermodynamic factors: radiation power, thermal conductivity, density, and the duration of the plasma pulse.
3. For the first time proposed a new plasma-chemical reactor for the production of ultrafinc powders of refractory metals, to significantly improve the performance of the process equipment. It increases the degree of elaboration of the raw material and process control, as well as the dispersion of powder risen uniformity of particle size distribution, increased coefficient obtained action recovery process that is possible to obtain with the required quality characteristics of ultrafinc tungsten powders. The physical model of the reactor of the plasma torch for approximate calculation to determine the latent heat of vaporization.
4. It is demonstrated that the increase in output power has a significant impact on the increase of the latent heat of vaporization in the plasma torch reactor, which is the most important factor in energetic structure formation. Changing thermal conductivity material growth leads to a slow reduction of the latent heat of vaporization of the plasma torch in the reactor and increase the density о substance leads to a slower decrease of the latent heat of evaporation, as a result it is possible to regulate targeted structuring process.
5. Offered heat treatment regimes for passivation powders. It was determined that after discharging the oxygen content of the powder in it for 20 days reaches 2,0-2,65%, then not changing. To reduce the oxygen in the tungsten powder product proposed trap or graphite metallic-textile filters installed in the reactor. A method of passivation by entering with hydrocarbon feedstock and carrier gas bubbling through the fuel, which gave the best results and is used in research.
6. Offered a new method of manufacturing a bimetallic cutting and punching tools using ultrafinc tungsten powders. The basis of the invention is to improve the performance of the bimetallic cutting and punching tools, as well as the expansion of its range due to the reliability of the connection tool part and supporting part as a result of the interaction of the intermediate layer with controlled composition, its constituent components with adjacent layers of steel included in the composites.
7. A new method of manufacturing a bimetallic cutting and punching tools using ultrafinc tungsten powders. This will increase the range of applications of bimetallic cutting tools and stamps.
8. A heat treatment regime of the fast tool increases the reliability of operation due to optimization of structure of bimetallic composite. This will increase the tool life of high-speed steels.
9. A method of heat treatment of the cast bimetallic carbide tool to simplify the heat treatment technology and to increase tool life by 30-40%.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. Nowadays, in the countries of the world with developed chemical and oil-chemical industry loss as a result of corrosions metal forms is distributed 20 percentage of annual production metal. Under large planning the expansion their production and modernizations production organization, appears the problem of the increase lifetime polymeric and metallic product1.
For independence years of our Republic toward development of production of different new products in chemical industry broadly covered actions on the protection of metal from corrosion in agricultures, home services and production spheres, in this direction, as follows, production qualitative inhibitors, which serves in determined degree to increase lifetime polymeric and metallic products have been implemented. It is possible to note the applicable and designed inhibitors at the process of the corrosion, as well as antioxidants for the protection of polymeric products.
These days, in the world the pyridinic, low-molecular and high-molecular amines and oxyamincs, fatty syntetic acids, high-molecular alcohols, the basis of the quinoline, imidazolines, derived thiourea, urotropin, phosphorus-containing compounds, as well as by-products production of syntetic rubber, coke-chemical and petrochemical products arc used as main raw materials for the production of inhibitors. For this purpose, in our country systematic scientific studies arc making on the creation of new types of inhibitor and antioxidants. In connection with increasing need to applicable inhibitor, it appears practicability of the creation of universal inhibitors based on advanced technology. During the solution of this task there is a need of development and obtaining inhibitors using local raw material resources as a source of raw materials in the synthesis of oligomer inhibitors having set of valuable and useful characteristic.
This dissertation research in determined degree serves for performing the tasks, provided in resolution of the President of the Republic Uzbekistan number 1442 on December 15, 2010 "About priority of the development of industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan" and number 1072 on March 12, 2009 "About the program of the measures on realization the major project on the modernization, technical and technological re-equipment of production", as well as in other normative legal documents accepted in this sphere.
The aim of the research is to develop technologies of obtaining nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur-containing multifunctional oligomer antioxidants for polymeric material and inhibitor to corrosions for protection metal from corrosion.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the structure and physical and chemical properties of the synthesized organic chemical additives based on the oligomer of derivatives of gossypol, a polymethylcncdi(thio)amidophosphatcs, oligomer on the basic of epichlorohydrin with di(thio)amidophosphatcs and oligomer of dimethyl terephthalate with polyeth-ylcncpolyamine is defined;
it is defined influences of the received inhibiting additives on the basic of N-, S-and the P-containing oligomer on physical and chemical and mechanical properties of polymeric materials and metal products;
arc defined efficiency of the antioxidants synthesized the oligomer on the basis of gossypol with antioxidants of a class of the spatial complicated Phenolums and qualitative and quantitative differences arc installed in the mechanism of their action;
the inhibiting properties of the corrosion inhibitors developed the oligomer for protection of metals against the hydrochloric, hydrosulphuric and acid corrosion arc defined;
the technology of taking new oligomer antioxidants and inhibitors of corrosion and forecasting of the inhibiting properties of antioxidants is developed for polymers and inhibitors of corrosion at inhibition of corrosion of metals.
CONCLUSION
1. Methods of obtaining antioxidants on the basis of gossypol with epichlorohydrin and allyl compounds under different conditions and proportions of reagents.
2. Polyfunctional oligomer antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors containing N-, S-, P- have been recommended and oligomer derivatives of gossypol, polymcthilcncdi (thio)amidophosphate, oligomers obtained on the bases of epichlorohydrin with di(thio)amidophosphatc and oligomers obtained on the bases of dimcthyltcrcph-thalate with polyethylene polyamine.
3. By using IR-spcctroscopy, mass-chromatography, differential thermal analysis, etc. the structure and the inhibitory activity of the synthesized oligomers in the reactions of PE degradation has been studied. It has been reveallcd that the synthesized oligomers based on gossypol prevent thermo-oxidative aging of polymers and they have been recommended in exchange of «Irganox 1010» used in the industry on its efficiency.
4. Oxygen uptake kinetics and stable source of LDPE has been investigated at various pressures of molecular oxygen. It has been established that in addition to inhibiting the reactions of the polymer oxidation process, oligomer antioxidant leads to the deceleration of the process of degradation of the polymer composition.
5. As a result of oligomer antioxidants SKI-3 and SKMS-30 ARKM-15 based on gossypol representing antioxidant activity in rubber mixtures they have been recommended for use in exchange of antioxidant «Irganox 1010».
6. It has been shown that the introduction of mixtures of oligomeric stabilizers in the SKI-3 and SKMS-30 ARKM-15 rubbers leads to a significant increase in the thermal stability, and observed a synergistic effect is higher for 2.4-3 times than the sum of the individual effects of stabilizers.
7. When the inhibitory evolution of oligomer corrosion inhibitors was studied on the bases of conducted experiments, having exposed that their anticorrosion efficiency is 98-99%, the use of IC-4 and IC-5 inhibitors in the saline medium and IC-3 inhibitors in the acid medium has been recommended.
8. Process technology of oligomer antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors has been recommended.

The actuality and relevance of dissertation theme. At present time in the world of ion exchange polymers found the wide usage in hydromctallurgy, in the purification of different productional and waste water, water treatment. One of the actual tasks is the creation and development of processes of obtaining ion exchange polymers, with high sorptional and selective properties, by further study of scientific fundamentals of management by explotational properties of obtained ion exchange polymers1.
During the years of independence, our Republic especial attention was paid to the directed obtaining weakly basic complexing anion exchanger with selective properties of ions of copper and molybdenum by polycondensation of furfural, benzohuanidin in the presence of polyethylcncpolyamine; synthesis of new polycondensation type ion exchangcpolymers based on furfural, compounds containing aromatic rings and increasing their resistance to chemical and thermal influences.
In the whole world the technology production of ion exchange materials of polymerization type on the base of monomers were established, such as divinylbcnzcnc, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, vinylpyridinc and investigations directed to the solution of actual tasks arc being carried out. In the production of ion exchange polymers, it is necessary to consider a number of decisions, in particular, on the following areas: the development of methods of ion exchange polymers with high thermal and chemical resistant and mechanical stability; optimal conditions for obtaining the search of ion exchange polymers with high sorptional, selective and cxploitational properties; the creation of new technologies with the usage of existing monomers on the base work of local raw materials.
The disscrtational research adds the definite contributions to the realization of tasks, arising from the resolutions of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № PD-1442 from December 15, 2010 «About priorities of industrial development of the Republic of Uzbekistan», № PD-1072 from March 12, 2009 «On program measures of important projects realization on modernization, technical and technological upgrading of production» and № PD-2298 from February 11, 2015 «On the Program of localization of production of ready products, complecting the products and materials for 2015-2019 years» and other normative-legal acts.
The aim of research is the development of technology obtaining a new thcrmical-chemical and radiation resiatant ion exchange polymers of polycondensation type.
The scientific novelty of the research is in the following:
the method of obtaining the thcrmical-chemical resistant of weakly basic anionites with complexing capacity to the ions of heavy metals by polycondensation of furfural with diphcnylaminc was developed;
a new polymer matrix by the way of polycondensation of diphcnyloxidc and furfural for introducing ionic groups was created;
the rcgularitions of dependence reaction polycondensation of diphcnyloxidc and furfural from initialmonomers, catalyst initial, temperature and etc. Were studied;
the technological regime of sulphonation and phosphorylation reactions was developed;
determined mechanical resistant, working interval and sorptional properties of the obtained sulphocationites in the relation with sodium ions, calcium and magnesium were defined;
the sorption ions of copper from copper-containing dcrinaige water in dynamic conditions of phosphorous cationites of the technology regeneration caitionite was improved.
CONCLUSION
1. By polycondensational diphcnylaminc with furfural was developed the method for obtaining a weakly basic anionite, having a high thcrmical-chemical resistance. The effect of reaction temperature, the ratio of the initial substances, the nature and concentration of the catalyst and others. On the properties of the obtained polymer based on the optimum of the recommended conditions for the synthesis of anion-exchange polymer of low basicity were investigated.
2. Joint polycondensational of diphcnyloxidc with furfural was obtained a new polymer which was used as a polymer matrix for the introduction of ionic groups. Sulfonation of the resulting polymer recommended new sulphocationite SK.DF, monofunctional sulphocationite, macroporous sulphocationite.
3. Investigated the reaction of phosphorylation obtained diphcnyloxidc furfurol polymer in order to obtain new phosphate cationite. Investigated the influence of the nature and concentration of the phosphorylating agent, the reaction temperature and duration of phosphorylation, nature and concentration of the catalyst on the properties of phosphate cationite.
4. Were studied the possibility of obtaining a monofunctional, polyfunctional and macroporous sulphocationitc and cationite containing phosphoric acid group. Using the equation of Brunaucr, Emmett and Teller (BET) for the calculation of the porous structure of the polymer were calculated pore characteristics cation, which confirms the value of belong to the polymer obtained macroporous cation exchanger.
5. Investigated and found that the resulting polymers were characterized by the high resistance to thermal, chemical resistance to water, air and aqueous solutions of alkalis, acids. The change of the basic properties and structure of the resulting phosphate cation exchanger under the influence of 60Co y-radiation in water and in the air. It was found that irradiation dose of 500 rengen/s at 25°C phosphate cation exchanger was resistant to radiation.
6. Kinetic data of the multifunctional sulfonic ion exchange with H+ —> Na4 and Na* —> Ca2* using diffusion equations were defined specific objects practical application of ion exchangers.
7. The principal of technological and reglament on obtaining of polyfunctional sulphocationite in cxpcrtly-productional conditions were suggested. Technology of obtaining sulphocationitc with the positive results was tested in the productional conditions at «Fergana chemical factory» where produced the expering cationites party of the pilot batch sulphonicationitc SKDF. The obtained experimental of sulphocationitc SKDF it was sent for testing under production conditions in water softening processes in boiler shops of JSC «Qo’qonsupcrfosfat», JSC «Qo’qonspirt» and LLC «Sarbon Baraka Biznes». Sulphocationitc was also tested in the process of purification of industrial circulating water at JSC «Uzmctkombinat». The expected economic effect from the implementation of obtained sulphocationitc in purification and softening drainage water JSC «Uzmctkombinat» showed 330 million soums per year.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. In a world of more than 20% of the buildings and premises of the fire will become unusable state. To improve the fire resistance of the construction materials processing phosphorus, sulfur and chlorinc-containing oligomers increased by 5.4% in 2016. Processing of buildings and building materials against fire protection and improvement of the rheological, physical and mechanical properties and the regulation of structure of composite materials and synthetic modifiers of reactive oligomer is an urgent problem1.
During the years of independence in our country to obtain polifunktsio-tional fire-resistant materials, anti-corrosion coatings were carried out great activities in this direction, including the use of high-quality phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine-containing oligomers and polymers arc paying attention to the environmental and economic performance.
Today in the world to improve the quality and efficiency of phosphorus, sulfur and chlorinc-containing oligomers and polymeric materials to pay attention to the appropriate research, in this aspect, certain scientific and practical interest arc reactive oligomers containing functional groups F, Cl, S; wherein the phosphorus and sulfur containing oligomers can be effectively used alone or together to produce on their basis highly effective flame retardants, sealants, and coatings as well as for other purposes; study of the process of synthesis of these oligomers, their physical and chemical characteristics, as well as possible areas of application and technology development arc relevant.
This dissertation research is to a certain extent the tasks stipulated in the decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 1442 of December 15, 2010 «On the priorities of industrial development of Uzbekistan for the period 2011-2015», Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 4707 from March 4, 2015 «About on additional measures to reduce production costs and reduce the cost of the product» and the decree of the Cabinet of Ministers № 8 of 22 January 2015 «For the implementation of important projects on modernization, technical and technological re-equipment of production» and other legal documents taken in this area.
The aim of the research is the development of technology production and use in the manufacture of composite polymeric materials of new oligomers based on phosphorus, sulfur-, chlorinc-containing compounds.
In accordance with the purpose of following tasks:
the study of methods for the preparation of new high phosphorus, sulfur -, chlorinated oligomers, to determine the optimal conditions for their synthesis;
study of the structure, physico-chemical and physico-mcchanical properties of P, S, Cl- containing oligomers; modifiers for studying the synthesis of F, C1-, S-containing oligomers and their modifications;investigatc the fire, physical, mechanical and corrosion properties of F, C1-, S- containing oligomers, to justify the technical and economic efficiency of these oligomers.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
obtained P, Cl, S- containing oligomers based on local raw materials;
is investigated a composition and properties of synthesized compounds;
is investigated a composition and properties of synthesized compounds;
investigated modifiers for the synthesis of P, Cl, S- containing oligomers and their modifications;
investigated the physical-mechanical and anti-corrosion properties of phosphorus, chlorine, sera- containing oligomers, fire, grounded technical and economic efficiency of these oligomers.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Proposed a modification technology by chemical transformation, hardening and strengthening the mechanical properties of sealants based on the various polysulfide oligomers
2. Proposed the mechanism of the process of curing polysulfidc oligomers via the obtained activation systems and the possibility of obtaining white thiokol sealants, having high deformation-strength and adhesion properties. Studied the thermal properties of sealants based thiokol oligomer used as curatives zinc oxide and manganese dioxide, with methods TG and DTA. Was determined that the Thiokol adhesives with zinc oxide have a lower level of thermal and relaxation characteristics compared with Thiokol sealants manganese dioxide, which is associated with a different nature produced vulcanite network.
3. Recommended the mechanism of action of the process retardant wood and polymers based phosphorus-containing compositions, which offer ample opportunities for purposeful synthesis of new oligomeric flame retardants.
4. Conducted the tests of the obtained oligomeric name retardant grades of АР-100, АР-110, АР-120, АР-130, АР-140, AP-150 and ADj-1 ADj-2, ADj-3, when the flame-retardant action of wood and polymers. Was determined that the in their performance, these products can be compared with the applicable foreign counterparts, the pattern shown is associated with the presence of a flame retardant in the macromolecule polar functional groups
5. Developed flame retardants based phosphorus containing oligomers cured various activators which raise high group of the efficiency of fire retardant wood and polymers. It is recommended to use the stamps oligomers АР-100, АРНО, АР-120, АР-130, AP-140, AP-150 and ADj-1, ADj-2, 3-ADj as hardeners.
6. Studied the effect obtained modifiers based on phosphorus and sulfur-containing compounds in the physic-chemical and physico-mcchanical properties of chlorosulfonatcd polyethylene. It is shown that by the interaction of a large variety of polymer becomes adhcsively-activc functional groups. It is shown that the modified polymer macromolecule becomes active adhesively wide variety of functional groups.
7. Established the regularities of structure formation of adhesive compositions and their influence on the adhesive strength of the composition based on a chlorosulfonatcd polyethylene modified obtained phosphorus - nitrogen compounds.
8. Studied the surface structure of the films formed in the modification of the compositions. It is shown that when there is a significant modification of the curvature of the film surface. This structural effect showing an increase fixing strength by increasing the area of the contact surface.
9. Developed the technology of P, CI, S- containing compounds based on local raw materials and implemented LLC «QAYUM HOJI SER.VIS», «KAFOLAT REZINA» LLC, Tashkent UMG. The resulting P, CI, S- containing compounds have a high fire resistance, wcathcrability and resistance to aggressive environments.

Actuality and demand of the dissertation theme. Manufacture of cellulose products in the world has increased by 10 %, and requirement for it by 11 %. At the same time, the requirement on the composition of polymeric materials on the basis of cellulose, paper and paper products has increased by 7 %, and their export by 16,3 %. In particular, export of writing and toilet paper has increased from 11,720 thousand tons' to 32,260 thousand tons'. Large producers are the USA, Brazil, Japan, Finland and Russia1.
In view of the fact that the requirement of our Republic for cellulose, its ethers and esters, paper and paper products, and also composite materials on their basis is growing up day by day, due to the organisation of scientific researches at high level and wide provisions spent on maintenance of home market with qualitative cellulose and its products, in this sphere the big results have been attained. For expansion of stocks of cellulose and its ethers except cotton lint, there are other aspects annual and perennial plants, fibre waste of the various industrial factories. These cellulose-containing plants such as stem of plant topinambour, poplar, wheat straw, rice straw. The main characteristic of these is high quality ratings of cellulose and composition polymeric materials on their basis with high molecular weight at their synthesis.
For today in the world, synthesis of new derivatives and cellulose products, and creation on their basis of high-qality ethers of cellulose and composite materials is one of the burning problem. Important scientific researches in the field of studying of processes directed on decrease in agency of destructive factors in the course of cellulose reception, studying of parameters influencing these processes, creation of nano compositions, creation of production engineering on obtaining writing papers resistant to moisture and organic solvents, obtaining cellulose which is important raw material for chemical processing, and also obtaining carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-СМС), nitrocellulose (collodion) on its basis have been carried out.
This dissertation research research is to a certain extent the tasks, provided in resolution of the President of the Republic Uzbekistan number 1442 on December 15, 2010 "About priority of the development of industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan" and number 1072 on March 12, 2009 "About the program of the measures on realization the major project on the modernization, technical and technological re-equipment of manufacturing", as well as in other normative legal documents accepted in this sphere.
Research objective is to develop the technology of obtaining composite polymeric materials, adequacy for chemical conversion on the bases of cellulose-containing raw materials.
Scientific novelty of research:
Obtaining process of cellulose from a poplar wood adequacy to chemical processing and nitrocellulose (collodion) on its basis has been studied for the first time;
Possibilities of obtaining cellulose with a high reactive capacity from the stalk of topinambour plant have been shown and carboxymethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate have been obtained on its basis;
Obtaining cellulose adequacy to chemical processing from fibrous waste of the textile factories has been studied;
For the first time on the basis of the cellulose obtained from a poplar wood, the stalk of topinambour plantand fibre waste of the textile factories some brands of technical carboxymethyl cellulose used in various spheres have been created;
For the first time the technology of obtaining CMC with high purity for pharmaceutics and the food-processing industry on the basis of cellulose from a topinambour plant has been created;
For the first time the innovation production technology by the method "Monoapparatus" of several brands Na-CMCin the industrial scope has been developed and introduced in "KARBONAM" LLC;
For the first time the technology of obtaining qualitative writing paper from the cellulose obtained from the stalk of a topinambour plant in the industrial scope has been developed.(reference JSK "Uzkimyosanoat» 01/3-24/D on 10/11/2016, concerning the implementation of the developed oligomers).
Conclusion
1. Cellulose adequacy to chemical conversion has been obtained from a poplar wood of Central-Asia by the alkali method. The influence of various parameters (time, concentration, temperature) on the obtaining process of cellulose, the yield of cellulose and its physical and chemical properties have been studied and optimum conditions of process have been introduced.
2. Cellulose adequacy to chemical conversion from top part of a topinambour plant has been obtained by the alkali method and the influence of various technological parameters on the process has been studied. It has been determined that the stalk of a topinambur plant contains 40-45 % of cellulose.
3. Physical, chemical properties, and also the structural composition of cellulose obtained from a poplar wood and stalks of a topinambour plant have been analyzed by the up-to-date methods (IR-spectroscopy, X-radiography, electromicroscopy, ultimate analysis and etc. It has been defined that the quality indicators of obtained celluloses do not differ from the properties of wood cellulose.
4. On the bases of the cellulose obtained from a poplar wood and stalks of a topinambour plant, its ethers and esters - carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate have been obtained. Carrying out the analysis of properties of the obtained ethers by means of modern methods of the analysis, it has been determined that their properties do not differ from the properties of ethers gained of traditional raw materials (wood and cotton lint).
5. Possibility of producing paper in the laboratory conditions on the bases of celluloses obtained from a poplar wood and stalks of a topinambour planthas been defined and the technology of manufacture has been introduced.
6. The developed technologies of obtaining cellulose and paper have been introduced into manufacture at the joint company Uzbek-Chinese factory “Ulug’JahonBaraka” and Open Company “Namangan qog’ozi”.
7. Production of tarpaper materials on the basis of processed semicellulose has been put into operation in Open Company "Ruberoid". Conformity of the quality indicators of produced tarpaper to the requirements of SS has been proved.
8. New method "Monoapparatus" of CMC manufacture on the basis of cellulose obtained from a topinambour plant has been developed and introduced in to manufacture in Limited Company "Carbonam" in Namangan. It has been proved high productivity of CMC with the help of introduced method in comparison with existing one.

Actuality and claiming of dissertation theme. At present time the natural gas reserves all over the world is 144 trln.m3, of which 1.5-2.0% exposed to chemical processing. Development of catalysts and technological processes meeting modern requirements for the processing of natural gas is an actual problem of today. At present, on a world scale a demand for ethylene is 150 mln. tons, vinyl chloride - 42 mln. tons, vinyl acetate - 3.8 million tons1.
After achieving the independence of our republic turned actual development of technologies producing substances, imported from abroad for currency: for example, acetone, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, ethylene, liquid fuel. Therefore, special consideration is given to the development of the catalysts with high-efficiency, selectivity, steadiness, stability, strength, active and cheapest having a low cokability for catalytic oxycondensation, aromatizing methane, as well as hydrochlorination, hydration and acetylation of acetylene. At the same time, is conducted a study on the optimization of catalytic systems for maximum yield, modeling technological processes and reactors, the development of energy and resource saving, waste-free technologies.
Today, in order to develop on a world scale acetone, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, ethylene, liquid fuel is being paid a particular attention to the solution of the following tasks: catalytic oxycondensation of methane; hydrochlorination, hydration and acetylation of acetylene. Establishing the physicochemical and thermodynamic foundations of an effective technology and providing with equipment, creating a mathematical model of the reactor with the ideal allocation, establishment of optimum technological parameters and development of energy and resource saving technologies for the production of the abovementioned products.
The research of the dissertation in significant level promotes the solution of the tasks, set out in normative legal documents, dedicated to such activities: Orders of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated July 15, 2008 DP-916- «Additional measures to promote the implementation of the innovation projects and technologies in production» and the DP-1071 of March 11, 2009 «The program of measures to intensify the construction of chemical plants and mastering the production of new chemical products », and DP-1072 of March 12, 2009 « On program measures of important projects realization on modernization, technical and technological upgrading of production» and also other normative-legal acts concerning the given activity.
The aim of the investigation is to establish the composition and development of the technology for producing a catalyst with high efficiency and low coking processing for processing methane, as well as modeling and optimization of technological parameters of the reactor.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research is as follows:
studied the kinetic objective laws of reactions with the presence of the catalyst obtained under a differential reactor, found optimum conditions of processes flow, proposed the mechanisms of occurrence of studied reactions, selected kinetic equations presenting the process and tested their adequacy;
it was thermodynamically justified flow of the reactions of catalytic oxicondensation and aromatization of methane, as well as hydration, hydrochlorination and acetylation of acetylene;
created physico-chemical and thermodynamic bases of efficient technology and equipment for processes of processing methane and optimized technological parameters of equipment with a solid catalyst bed; developed the process technology of catalytic oxicondensation of methane in a single-stage adiabatic equipment operating in the mode of external diffusion; established the composition and technology of obtaining a catalyst with a strong selective effect and highly operability for obtaining C2 and aromatic hydrocarbons from methane and increase the yield of products in the synthesis of vinyl chloride, acetone and vinyl acetate from acetylene.
The technological parameters of the synthesis of ethylene, liquid fuel, acetone, vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate were developed.
Conclusions
1. It was offered catalysts having thermal stability, high activity, selectivity and efficiency, with a low coking for the various processes of local raw materials: for methane oxicondensation-composition [(Mn2O3)x·(KCl)y·(ZrO2)z и (Mn2O3)x·(Na2MoO4)y·(ZrO2)z]; for catalytic aromatization [5,0% Mo * 1,0% Zr * 1,0% Zn / bentonite], for catalytic hydrochlorination [(ZnCl2)x·(FeCl3)y·(CuCl)z ], [(18,0 % CdF2, 2,0 % AlF3, 5,0 % Cr2O3, 75,0 % Al2O3 and 10,0 % ZnO, 5,0 % Ni2O3, 5,0 % Fe2O3, 80,0 % Al2O3)], for acetylation reaction [(ZnO:CdO:ZrO2/keramzit)].
2. It was studied the kinetic regularities of the reactions on obtained catalysts in terms of the differential reactor, determined the optimal reaction conditions, offered the mechanisms of the reactions studied, selected kinetic equations that show the process and tested their adequacy.
3. It were selected physico-chemical and thermodynamic bases of maintenance with equipment and instruments for efficient processing technology of processing methane and based on non-linear equations of the kinetic and thermal balance optimized technological parameters of the process on a dense bed of catalyst.
4. It was created a mathematical model of the reactor with ideal exclusion, which allows to calculate the conversion and selectivity of the processes and yield of the product under different reaction conditions of oxicondensation of methane, acetylene, hydrochlorination, as well as established the scientific bases of reactions, a single-stage adiabatic reactor in external diffusion mode.
5. It was conducted mathematical modeling of reactors of the process for producing ethylene by methane oxicondensation and liquid fuels by aromatization, as well as the production of acetone by hydrating, vinyl chloride and chloroprene by hydrochlorination, vinyl acetate by acetylation.
6. It was selected the kinetic model of reactions based on the study of reactions to established catalysts and proposed mechanisms of reaction course, as well as based on the analysis of kinetic models of processes optimized and chosen the best type of reactor; based on a mathematical model of the reactor selected the optimal size of the layer and the catalyst grains.
7. It was offered advanced, low-waste, energy and resource-saving technologies for producing ethylene by methane oxicondensation, acetone by hydration of acetylene, vinyl chloride and chloroprene by hydrochlorination and vinyl acetate by acetylation of acetylene.
8. It were proposed various catalysts for the production of various products, their production schedules made and implemented in the production of JSC “Navoiyazot”, for the production of ethylene from natural gas manganese-potassium- zirconium keramzit; for synthesis of ethylene from natural gas - manganese- molybdenum -sodium- zirconium-keramzit; for the production of acetone from acetylene cadmium-chromium-fluorine- aluminium; for production of acetone from acetylene iron- zinc-nickelkeramzit; for production of vinyl acetate from acetylene zinc- cadmium -zirconium-keramzit catalysts.

The actuality and relevance of dissertation theme. In the world assortment of products from organic material is constantly extending and at present it is exceeding exceeds 80 thousand items. About half of the volume of rubber manufacturing industry constitute automobile tires, more than a third - rubber technical products, the range of which is particularly diverse. About one-tenth the volume of rubber industry production is the production of rubber footwear and other national consumption products (medical devices, toys, sports equipment), as well as conveyor belts, driving belts, sleeves, rubberized technical fabrics and products from them. The main consumer of rubber products is a modern transport -automobile, air, rail. So, in modern automobile is numbered about 600 details of rubber with total weight of 120 kg1.
In the Republic are introduced new industrial enterprises, using modern technologies, modernization of production is carried out raws number of new products for different filds of industries. On these enterprises are widely used products from compositional organic materials. For solving the problems, concerned with the further development of productions of compositional elastomeric materials and the creation of competitive products, using local raw resources, the improvement of technological and technical properties are developed by new organic materials and ingredients, the composition staff on their base and obtaining technology.
In the world a number of research works on the creation of rubber and ingredients, the staff composition and obtaining technology of rubber - technical materials on their products base are being carried out: the development of new organic and inorganic fillers with nanoparticles; modification technology of mineral fillers with organic oligomers; synthesis of organic accelerators; the receipts of compositional elastomeric materials of different purposes with specific properties; dispersants and plasticizers for the improvement the technological properties of compositional elastomeric materials; the formulation and components of nanomaterials on the base of elastomeric composition and obtaining technology of materials on their base is one of the important problems of industry.
The given dissertational research in a certain degree serves the completing tasks, approved by Decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № PP-1071 from March 11, 2009 «About measures on organization of production of conveyor straps, agricultural and automobile tires in the territory of SIZ Ang ren» and the № PD-1072 from March 12 2009 , «About the program of measures on realization the most important projects on modernization, technical and technological reequipment of production from 2009 to 2014», as well as in other normative-legal documents adopted in this sphere.
The purpose of the research is developing the technology of modification mineral filler and obtaining the rubber technical -products of different purpose on their basis.
The scientific novelty of the research are the followings: offered Scientific-proved ways of modification of functional ingredients on the base of local resources, purposeful usage of which allowed to develop the obtaining technology of elastomeric compositional materials and products with the given structure and properties were suggested;
the structural changes of mineral fillers on modification concentration of free radicals were identified of causing to the identified;
the relationship between the structural characteristics, the nature of the surface of modified mineral fillers and rubber macromolecules was observed;
the role of sizing layer on the surface of mineral fillers in the process of mixing the composition and formation of vulcanizational structures, which allowed to develop of rubber technical products with specific properties was defined;
the influence of modified mineral fillers on the elastic, rheological, technological and technical properties of compositional elastomeric materials was determined;
modification technology of mineral fillers and obtaining rubber technical -products of different purposes on thir base was worked out.
Conclusions
1. The proposed were Scientific and technological principles of creation highly elastomeric compositional materials with the usage of structural and chemical modified bentonite of Uzbekistan were proposed. The received scientific results, technological developments were the basis for the creation of elastomeric compositional materials with the given structure and properties, physical-mechanical and exploitational characteristics.
2. The technology of structural and chemical modification of bentonite was suggested, suitable as a filler for the production of composite elastomeric materials. It was shown that the heat treatment of bentonite at 673 К lead to the structural changes, in particular to the increase of oil absorption and specific geometrical surface due to the occurrence of thermal- physical processes. Besides that, it was also observed the increase the concentration of free radicals, leading to the formation of paramagnetic centers, which were the basis for the evaluation of several properties system of elastomer filler.
3. The modified bentonite (modified low-molecular polyethylene and derived from pyrolysis) resin, products by oligomers, for elastomeric compositions were characterized its physical chemical properties. It was observed, its influence on the process of structure formation of rubbers. It was noted that yhe existing important role of intermediate size layer, consisting from systems of conjugated bonds, in the formation of structure elastomeric compositional materials of high thermal and radiational resistance.
4. The features of interaction of rubber macromolecules of different nature with modified bentonite were found out. The interconnection between the structur-al adsorptional activity fillers with technological and physical mechanical properties of elastomeric compositions.
5. The features of the of mixing process of elastomers with the worked out fillers on the base of bentonite (initial thermal-calcined modified bentonite), and their combinations with other ingredients it was found out that in the case criterion the degree of completing the process of dispersion filler of modeling mixing was the dimention of difference temperature (start and end mixing), definely in two characteristical points in the dependence from the rotational moment.
6. The technological and rheological properties of filled elastomer composi-tial, thermam-calcined and modified bentonite, where it was shown their optimum content in resin mixtures were studied.
7. The influence of modified bentonite to the kinetics of vulcanization of resin mixtures on the base of rubbers of different nature. Nevertheless, it was clarified the possible mechanism of vulcanization grid formation. It was shown that due to the multifunctional nature ofmodificators the possibility of combining the modifier content of vulcanizing agents, which allowed to simplify the technological stage of.
8. Preparing the elastic-resin mixtures properties of filled vulcanizators were analyzed, and it was shown that, the initial and resistant therma-calcinid bentonite exhibit effective action in non-crystallizing rubber at the level half-efforting types of fillers and modified bentonite effecting synthetic mineral fillers BS-50 and BS-75. The inhibitory effect of modified bentonite were observed at high temperature oxidative destruction of elastomers.it was shown. To show the possibility of directional regulation of technological and technical properties of elastomeric compositions due to the changing degree of filling and ratios ingredients.
9. The formulations of compositional elastomeric materials and technologies of their obtaining with the usage of the fillers suggested by us on the basis of bentonite were worked out. Their efficiency was confirmed in the productionof different kinds of resin - technical products. The results of scientific and technological developments were tested and implemented at the enterprises of JSC «yzkimesanoat», total economic effectof more than 500 million sum per year .

The aim of research work is to evaluate and enhance the structural and seismic safety of private residential buildings built from low-strength materials.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as following stages:
a methodology has been developed for the calculation of residential buildings erected from low-strength materials in order to ensure their structural and seismic safety;
an experimental-theoretical approach to the determination of physico-mcchanical and deformative characteristics of the material for the laying of bearing walls has been developed;
the effect of longitudinal forces on stresses in bent elements of a wooden frame in houses as "Sinch" is justified;
improved calculation of normal stresses in the bent elements of the wooden frame of buildings such as "Sinch", taking into consideration of decreasing on the basic stooping moment from longitudinal forces;
the nature of development of plastic deformation along wood fibers of wooden frame as "Sinch" type houses elements is substantiated depending on the level of the applied load and the number of load cycles;an experimental approach to the establishment of dynamic characteristics of natural oscillations of houses which made of low-strength materials with the use of a power-plant-vibrating table directed action, simulating seismic action.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. Enhancement of productivity and quality of solar power facilities by means of precision orientation of mirrorconcentrating systems in the operating zone of the Solar furnace plays important role in decrease of energy losses. In this respect, it requires development of novel improved calculation methods for optical-geometric and optical-energy characteristics of radiant flux in focal plane of the solar facilities, orientation of stationary concentrating systems, calculation and experimental activities aimed at a more effective use of the mirror-concentrating systems. Research and development works conducted in the mentioned above areas point on the topicality of the dissertation’s topic.
The aim of research work is to increase efficiency of mirror-concentrating systems of the 1000 kW Big Solar Furnace technological and power elements by taking into account asymmetric design of the concentrator.
Scientific novelty of the research work is method for calculation of a radiant flux density distribution in the concentration spot of the mirror-concentrating systems is proposed for a more precise description of the experimental results;
method for shaping of facets of the concentrator by means of optical technique is developed ensuring technological process efficiency increase;
for the first time geometrical accuracy control techniques are proposed both for reflecting surface of individual elements - facets, components of mirrorconcentrating systems, and for integral concentrators of radiant flux;

The aim of the research work is to develop the optimal chemical composition and heat treatment regimes for high-chromium white cast irons and hard-alloy coatings.
The scientific novelty of the research work: the optimal composition of high-chromium white cast iron was calculated for the sum of C + Si + Mn + Cr + Ni elements, which provides the formation of the structure and properties required for heat treatment;
the harmful effect of sulfur has been determined to reduce the wear resistance of high-chromium alloys;
the mechanism of structure formation is developed at drawing on working surfaces of details of carbide coatings by casting on gasified models;
the phase heredity of the parameters of the fine structure of the metal base of high-chromium cast irons and alloys during phase recrystallization during the final thermal treatment is determined;
experimental conditions for the existence of an extreme temperature of heating of a high-chromium alloy are developed, when after cooling of the alloy in its metallic base a structure with a very high dislocation density is formed. With repeated phase recrystallization, the dislocation data is inherited;
the use of the heredity effect of the fine structure during double phase recrystallization is revealed, which increases the wear resistance of the alloy by 33-35% and it becomes higher than that of the imported alloy, and for wear-resistant coatings - by 80-82%.

The aim of research work is the creation of the technology of obtaining fire retardants on the bases of hetero functional siliconcontaining organic compounds for polyetylene and water-dispersed paints.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following:
It has been founded that the critical value of length of hydrocarbon radicals holding various elements (nitrogen-, fluorine-, boron-, phosphorus-) in the formation of siliconcontaining oligomers depends on the indicators of concentration amount, and thermal properties of polyolyphines and covers depend on the amount of silicon atom;
effective modification methods of properties of polyolyphines and covers due to the bonding of various radicals to silicon atom have been created;
directed control of ignation and combustible processes of polymers and composition materials based on local raw material silicate resources in the determination of key factors has been established;
technology of bonding of galogenoepoxide monomers, corbon acids and amine groups with silicates on the nucleophil exchange reactions of siliconcontaining oligomer fire retardants, epoxide groups with hydroxyl groups has been developed;
modification technologies of nitrogen, phosphorus, fluorine and silicon containing heterofunctional oligomer fire retardants, hydrophil and hydrophob compounds - containing polyolyphines and water-dispersed systems have been developed.

The aim of research work: is the development of regularities and mechanism of copolymerization of acrylic monomers with protein macromolecules, determination of the character of the interaction of the initiator, monomer and the resulting macromolecules with polymers, the determination of the areas of practical realization of such a polymerization method, taking into account the specific properties of polymer compositions.
The object of the research work: Natural polymers - collagen, fibroin of natural silk; Monomers - acrylic acid, meth acrylic acid esters, acrylonitrile; Initiators of radical polymerization - potassium per sulfate, dinnertime ester of azoisobutyric acid; Textile materials, solvents.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
The mechanism of graft copolymerization of acrylic monomers with protein macromolecules has been developed. The atoms of macromolecules of the natural polymer, initiator and monomer participating in the formation of active centers and polymerization arc established by PMR and 1R spectroscopic methods;
The main kinetic regularities of graft copolymerization of acrylic monomers with natural polymers have been determined;
Parameters for regulating the degree of grafting, the rate of copolymerization, the structure and physic-chemical, mechanical properties of synthesized polymers and materials based on them; A new composition for the flame retardant treatment of textile materials has been developed.
Implementation of the research results. A method for initiating the graft copolymerization of functional-active monomers from a solution with collagen in a homogeneous medium and on the surface of a textile web is developed by preliminary physical adsorption. The possibility and advantages of the practical use of natural and synthetic graft copolymers to produce a form-stable and fire-resistant material arc shown.
The validity of the scientific provisions and conclusions arc confirmed, since they arc established on the basis of the application of modern physical and chemical research methods using the experimental base of the «TexUz» certification center TITLI, scientific laboratories of the institutes of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan and the Higher Technical School of Fire Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The scientific significance of the results of the study is that a relationship has been established between the structure of the copolymers obtained and the nature of the grafted monomer. Elastic-strength and physicochemical properties of materials are regulated by the quantitative ratio of natural polymer and functional-active monomer, the conditions of synthesis.
A composition for flame retardant treatment of textile materials containing collagen, acrylic emulsion, boric acid and potassium per sulfate was obtained. In the process of heat treatment, chemical interactions occur between the components, and a relatively resistant to wet treatments, a hardly-combustiblc textile material is formed.
On the basis of scientific results of the study of graft copolymerization of functional-active monomers with natural polymers: Patent for invention of RUz No. IAP 05234 «Composition for flame retardant treatment of textile materials» (30.06.2016, bulletin No.6); A composition for the flame retardant treatment of textiles was introduced into the practice of the «Shams» PC, where an experimental industrial lot of fire-resistant textile material was obtained (act of the PC «Shams» No. FJ—12—2281 from 20.07.2017).
The resulting collagen-containing materials were used in the development of a new technology for the form-stable processing of clothing parts. A scientific fundamental project on the topic F-7-02 «Graft copolymerization of functionally active monomers on the surface of fibers and fillers» (2012-2016, certificate of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan)
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, six chapters, a conclusion, a list of used literature, an appendix. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of the research work. Synthesis of low viscosity, water-soluble carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and high substituted polyanion cellulose (РАС) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and powder cellulose (PC), study of its properties and development of production technology.
The object of the research work.MCC and PC samples with different degree of polymerization (DP), degree of crystallinity (DC),synthesized CMC samples, fire-retardant wood chipboard.
Scientific novelty' of the research work:
for the first shown conditions of synthesis of a low-substituted, water-soluble CMC with DS of 0.42-0.48 on the basis of MCC and PC by monoapparatus way;
for the first synthesized highly substituted РАС by carboxymethylation of MCC and PC in an ethyl alcohol medium;
it has established that kinetic parameters of heterogeneous carboxymethyllation of MCC and PC as activation energy, reaction rate and thermal effect in adiabatic condition;
it has been developed a monoapparatus production technology of low-viscosity CMC and suspension technology production of low-viscosity РАС from MCC and PC;
it has established that including of low-viscosity CMC to the content of hard-combustible press-composition improved physical-mechanical properties of wood particle board.
Implementation of there search results. Based on obtained results on synthesizing of low-viscosity CMC and РАС from MCC and PC, development of their production technology and application in practice:
It has obtained development batches of low-viscosity technical CMC from MCC and PC by a monoapparatus way on the pilot installation of Wemer-Pfleiderer in the laboratory conditions (the act of operating a development batch of low-viscosity technical CMC in a pilot installation of Verner-Pfleiderer). According to developed technology in LLC Karbonam was produced 370 tons of technical CMC from local sources of raw materials for oil and gas industry (letter of “Uzbekneftegaz” 23-10-01 /26-677from23.02.2017y).
It was developed technological regulation of №TR_22235949-002:2016 "Production of technical Na-СМС from CC, lint, MCC and textile wastes", approved in LLC "Karbonam" and coordinated by JSC "O'ZLITINEFTGAZ". As a result, the developed technology could be made of import-substituting, export-oriented, low-viscosity, low-substituted CMC grades based on local raw materials.
The structure and volume of the thesis.Structure of dissertation consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusion, list of references and applications. The volume of the thesis is 118 pages.

The aim of the research is to improve calculation methods of the resource of metal span structures operated in railway bridges on the basis of technical diagnostics of the actual state of the structures.
The scientific novelty of the dissertation research is the following: there has been improved methods for determining the causes of defects and damages during the construction and operation of span structures with solid scientifical ground on their bases; there has been an improvement of dependencies for the description of the measure of damage accumulation on the basis of the experimentally determined friction coefficient/; formulas for calculating the resource of span structures have been improved with application of the main provisions of the theory of damage accumulation; there has been a development of the method of estimating the residual life of the exploited metal span structures from the data of technical diagnostics of the actual state of structures.

The aim of the research work is the development of energy-saving technology by improving the technology of cold rolling of sheet metals.
The tasks of research:
Analysis of rolling regimes, the study of the current state of research of available rolling technologies and the development of their refinement;
Calculation of energy consumption for cold symmetrical rolling and development of recommendations on energy saving indicators of the technological process;
Comparative analysis of physical and mechanical properties of rolled sheet metals;
Development of energy-saving technology of cold rolling of sheet metals.
The object of the research work is a cast and rolled strip of copper and its alloys.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the design of the mill and the effective technology of symmetrical cold rolling of asymmetric rolling are developed by calculating the parameters;
a new energy-saving symmetrical rolling technology is developed by modifying the available rolling technologies;
the technology of thermal processing of sheet copper and its alloys received by new energy-saving technology of symmetrical rolling is developed;
new modes of heat treatment of copper strip after rolling have been developed.
The practical results of the study are as follow s:
a new design of a semi-industrial rolling mill in production conditions for the production of sheet metals by cold rolling has been developed;
a rolling technology has been developed that allows cutting energy and human resources by 20-30% to produce sheet metals during cold rolling;
The effective heat treatment regimes for cold rolled copper and its alloys have been developed.
The outline of the thesis. The content of the thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion, a list of literature. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of the research work is the development of scientific foundations for the development and controlling of automated technological equipment on aerodynamic action for increasing production efficiency.
Scientific novelty of the research work Calculation and design of automated technological equipment for the aerodynamic action of finishing and hardening processing of cylindrical parts and developing of fundamentally new devices for loading flat products, transferring aggressive media, transporting small piece products and installing rivets into a hole with a vertical and horizontal axis..

The aim of the research work is development of technology of knitting of competitive pattern knitted fabrics with the reduced resource-demanding, improved hygienic and consumer properties, answering requirements both local and international markets.
Scientific novelty of research work consists in the following: the methods of the effective using of raw material in knitting of overhead knitwear with high operating properties are worked out; the law of influence of additional elements in the structure of the knitted fabric on its technological parameters and physic-mechanical properties are established; a high-fidelity device for determination of tension of plush thread at knitting of the plush knitted fabric on a circular knitting machine is worked out; a structure and resource saving method of knitting of the inlay plush knitted fabric are worked out with the plush branches on one side and on both sides of the knitted fabric; the knitting way of new types of the combined knitted fabric on the basis of the rib and interlock stitches are worked out.

The aim of research work is in the creation of the technology for of obtaining fire retardants on the bases of hetero functional siliconcontaining organic compounds for polyetylcne and water-dispersed paints.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following:
It has been discovered that the critical value of length of hydrocarbon radicals wich holding various elements (nitrogen-, fluorine-, boron-, phosphorus- ) in the formation of silicon-containing oligomers depends on the indicators of concentration amount, and thermal properties of polyolyphincs and covers depend on the amount of silicon atom;
effective modification of methods of properties of polyolyphincs and covers due to the bonding of various radicals to silicon atom have been created;
directed control of ignation and combustible processes of polymers and composition materials based on local raw material silicate resources in the determination of key factors has been established;
technology of bonding of galogcnocpoxidc monomers, corbon acids and amine groups with silicates on the nuclcophil exchange reactions of siliconcontaining oligomer fire retardants, epoxide groups with hydroxyl groups has been developed;
modification technologies of nitrogen, phosphorus, fluorine and silicon containing hetcrofunctional oligomer fire retardants, hydrophil and hydrophob compounds - containing polyolyphincs and water-dispersed systems have been developed.

The aim of research work is to obtain essential oil from secondary and byproducts, to study the properties of the ester obtained and to develop a technology for greasing leather.
The scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
to improve the efficiency of greasing, an innovative method of leather greasing with anti-mold inhibition was created;
using isoamyl alcohol, oleic oil and sulfuric acid in the etherification reaction, the essential oil was synthesized as a model sample and the basic properties of the ether were determined;
on the basis of distilled fatty acids and fusel oil being a secondary and byproduct of the industry, an essential oil was synthesized and the main parameters of the technology for obtaining essential oils were developed;
on the basis of synthesized essential oil, and also, from the secondary and by-products of the industry, a fatty compound for greasing leather was obtained;
leather obtained with improved performance properties with the use of essential oil based on local fatty compounds in the processes of greasing leather.

The aim of research work is to develop a design and technology for manufacturing special footwear for protection against static electricity based on a systemic approach using new types of electrically conductive fabrics.
The scientific novelty of the research work:
hierarchical scheme for the classification of special footwear with clcctrophysical properties and its new design;
the dependences of strength and electrical resistance of electrically conductive tissues on the number of cycles of moistening arc established;
on the basis of the significance of the indices of the properties of electrically conducting tissues, their complex evaluation is improved;
the design parameters of the main insole unit of current-carrying special footwear are established;
The technology of production of conductive special footwear for workers in the production of pyrotechnics was developed;
The the tendency of the change in the electrical resistance of the special footwear from the time of its wearing is established