Current approaches and new research in modern sciences

O‘ZBEK TILIDA “NON/BREAD” KONSEPTI VERBALIZATORLARINING STRUKTUR- SEMANTIK HAMDA FUNKSIONAL JIHATLARI

Kamola Buzurkhanova — 2025-08-25

O‘zbek tilida “Non/Bread” konsepti leksik va frazeologik birliklar orqali o‘rganiladi. Konsept verbalizatorlari semantik, strukturaviy va funksional jihatlarni o‘z ichiga oladi. Non leksemasi ko‘p ma’noli bo‘lib, taom, tirikchilik va boylik kabi semalarga ega. Non komponenti asosida yasama va qo‘shma so‘zlar: novvoy, nonpaz, nonxo‘r, nonko‘r kabi shakllar hosil bo‘ladi. Non frazeologizmlari o‘zbek xalqining madaniy va ijtimoiy hayotini aks ettiradi. Ushbu tadqiqot nutqdagi kombinatsion imkoniyatlar va frazeologik birikmalarni ko‘rsatadi. Non konsepti kommunikativ va lingvokognitiv jihatdan muhim hisoblanadi.

РАҚАМЛИ ИҚТИСОДИЁТ ШАРОИТИДА АЁЛЛАР МЕҲНАТИНИ ҲУҚУҚИЙ ТАРТИБГА СОЛИШНИНГ НАЗАРИЙ-ҲУҚУҚИЙ АСОСЛАРИ

Камола Рахимова — 2025-08-26

Ушбу мақолада замонавий рақамли технологиялар ривожланиши ва меҳнат бозорининг трансформацияси шароитида аёллар меҳнатини ҳуқуқий тартибга солишнинг долзарб масалалари тадқиқ этилган. Муаллиф томонидан аёллар меҳнатининг ўзига хос физиологик, ижтимоий ва психологик хусусиятлари таҳлил қилинган. Мақолада гендер тенглик принциплари, махсус ҳуқуқий ҳимоя механизмлари ва "work-life balance" концепцияси доирасида замонавий ёндашувлар кўриб чиқилган. Халқаро тажриба ва миллий қонунчилик таҳлили асосида аёллар меҳнат ҳуқуқларини таъминлаш борасидаги муаммолар ва уларни ҳал этиш йўллари белгиланган.

BANKLARDA RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR YORDAMIDA OMONATLARNI BOSHQARISH VA KREDIT JARAYONLARINI OPTIMALLASHTIRISH.

Bobur Malikоv — 2025-08-25

Mazkur ilmiy ishda tijorat banklarida raqamli texnologiyalar yordamida omonatlarni boshqarish va kredit jarayonlarini optimallashtirish masalalari yoritilgan. So‘nggi yillarda bank tizimida raqamli transformatsiya jarayonlari jadal rivojlanib, mijozlarga xizmat ko‘rsatishda yangi imkoniyatlarni yaratmoqda. Raqamli texnologiyalar omonatlarni jalb etish va ulardan samarali foydalanish jarayonida shaffoflikni ta’minlash, kredit ajratish mexanizmlarini tezlashtirish hamda qaror qabul qilishni avtomatlashtirishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etmoqda.

SEPARATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA ISOLATES FROM THE MEDICINAL PLANT INULA HELENIUM AND STUDY OF THEIR ENZYME SYNTHESIS PROPERTIES.

Luiza Tagayeva — 2025-08-25

A total of 14 bacterial isolates were isolated from the medicinal plant black andes. The isolated active endophytic bacterial isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF MS, 3 of which belonged to Bacillus amyloliquyefaciyens, 5 to Bacillus subtilis, 2 to Klebsiyella oxytoca, and 4 to Pseudarthrobacter oxydans. It has been established that the Bacillus subtilis-5 strain synthesizes more enzymes such as α-amylase, lipase, and protease.

EPISTEOLOGICAL AND AXIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CONSENSUS CULTURE

Utkirjon Rajabov — 2025-08-25

The article analyzes the importance of consensus in conflict resolution, epistemological and axiological foundations for further enhancing the culture of consensus among citizens. Methods for achieving consensus and socio-philosophical aspects of the culture of consensus are considered

MORPHOMETRIC ALTERATIONS OF SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP ALVEOLAR STRUCTURES IN PNEUMOPATHIES

Nurjaxon Abdullaeva — 2025-08-25

Pneumopathies are a major cause of respiratory morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting both superficial and deep alveolar structures that are critical for efficient gas exchange. Morphometric alterations in these alveolar regions, including changes in septal thickness, alveolar surface area, and capillary density, directly influence respiratory function and disease progression. Despite advances in clinical management, detailed quantitative analysis of superficial and deep alveolar structures remains limited, particularly in different patient populations. Investigating these morphometric changes is essential for understanding the pathophysiology of pneumopathies, improving diagnostic precision, and guiding the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Therefore, this study addresses a significant gap in respiratory research and has substantial clinical and scientific relevance.

THE LEGAL INTERPLAY BETWEEN TRADE LAW AND NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

Sayidkomil Ibodullaev — 2025-08-25

The transfer of nuclear technology occupies a unique position at the intersection of international trade law, nuclear non-proliferation, and global energy governance. Unlike most traded goods and services, nuclear technology is simultaneously a driver of economic development and a subject of intense security regulation. Its dual-use nature—capable of serving both peaceful and military purposes—means that the legal regimes governing its exchange are characterised by a delicate balance between the promotion of legitimate commerce and the prevention of proliferation.

INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE RIGHT TO LIFE AND ITS PROTECTION MECHANISMS

Javoxir Bobojonov — 2025-08-25

This article is devoted to the study of the international legal foundations of the right to life. It analyzes the consolidation of this right in key international instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The paper also examines issues related to the death penalty, the fight against torture, and the protection from actions threatening human life. The analysis demonstrates the necessity of safeguarding the right to life not only at the national but also at the international level, emphasizing the obligations of states in preserving human life. The article serves as a scholarly source of both theoretical and practical significance for lawyers and researchers.

THE ROLE OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT IN COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

Malika Nigmatova — 2025-08-25

In the era of globalization and rapid technological change, innovation management has become a decisive factor in sustaining competitive advantage. Companies no longer rely solely on traditional resources such as capital, labor, or physical assets. Instead, they increasingly depend on their ability to innovate, adapt, and manage knowledge effectively. This article explores the theoretical foundations of innovation management, its practical implications, and its role in ensuring long-term competitiveness for organizations operating in diverse industries.

ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ГИРСУТИЗМА У ЖЕНЩИН С СИНДРОМОМ ГИПЕРАНДРОГЕНИИ

С.М. Сафоева — 2025-08-25

Цель исследования: сравнительная оценка выраженности и преимущественной локализации гирсутизма у женщин со вторичным поликистозом яичников. Результаты показали что, у женщин основной группы среднее гирсутное число по mFG составил 9 баллов, у женщин с СПКЯ 18 баллов. Количество баллов соответствовало гирсутизму лёгкой степени у пациенток основной группы в 66,2% случаев, умеренный 31,08%, выраженный гирсутизм был отмечен у 2,7% пациенток. В группе контроля лёгкий гирсутизм отмечался у 16 (14,9%), умеренной степени у 66,3%, выраженный у 18,6% женщин. Рост волос на верхней губе и подбородке отмечен у 64,8% основной, у 63,5% контрольной группы женщин. Повышенное оволосение в области поясницы и по внутренней поверхности бёдер отмечен у 10,8% основной, у 66,3% контрольной группы, в перианальной области у 1,3% основной, и у 28,9% контрольной группы.

THE WESTERN SUFI IS A SOCIAL PORTRAIT

Dildorakhon Abdurakhmonova — 2025-08-28

This study examines the intercultural reception of Sufism in the West through two key figures: George of Hungary (15th c.) and Ivan Aguéli (19th–20th c.). George, a Dominican enslaved in the Ottoman Empire, briefly engaged in Sufi practices before returning to Christianity, leaving one of the earliest European accounts of dervishes and Sufi poetry. His writings combine admiration with critique, revealing the cultural impact of Ottoman Sufism on early modern Europe. Centuries later, the Swedish artist and theosophist Ivan Aguéli embraced Islam and Sufism, translating classical texts and linking Sufi thought with Western philosophy, theosophy, and avant-garde aesthetics. A comparison of these cases shows how Sufism was variously perceived as a spiritual challenge, an intellectual resource, and a universalist framework. The article highlights the shift in Western attitudes from Renaissance suspicion to modernist appropriation, laying foundations for the emergence of Western Sufism.

PEDAGOGIKA OLIY TA’LIM MUASSASALARIDA SUN’IY INTELLEKTDAN FOYDALANISH JARAYONIDA AXBOROT MADANIYATINING O‘RNI

Munavvarxon Sobirova — 2025-08-28

Bugungi globallashuv va raqamlashtirish jarayonida sun’iy intellekt (SI) texnologiyalari ta’lim tizimiga keng kirib kelmoqda. Bo‘lajak o‘qituvchilarni tayyorlash jarayonida SI vositalaridan samarali foydalanish ularning kasbiy faoliyatini yengillashtiradi, innovatsion yondashuvlarni shakllantiradi va ta’lim samaradorligini oshiradi. Shu bilan birga, SI’dan foydalanish jarayonida axborot madaniyati masalasi dolzarb ahamiyat kasb etmoqda.

TRUTH EMERGES THROUGH DEBATE: THE ROLE OF HEALTHY COMPETITION AND OPPOSITION IN PARLIAMENT

Ikhtiyor Bekov — 2025-08-29

The article highlights the role of the parliament within the system of state power, with particular emphasis on the significance of healthy political competition and opposition. In addition to its legislative function, the parliament also performs oversight, thereby playing a decisive role in the development of democratic processes and the protection of the people’s interests. The article analyzes the balance between the majority and the opposition as an essential factor in improving the legislative process, enhancing the quality of laws, and ensuring the efficiency of public administration. Furthermore, it presents historical examples of the formation of factions and blocs in the Parliament of Uzbekistan and their activities as opposition. According to the author’s conclusion, the effective functioning of the institution of opposition requires the development of political culture and the practice of national parliamentarism.

MORPHOLOGICAL CRITERIA OF SUBCHONDRAL BONE REMODELING IN POST-TRAUMATIC GONARTHROSIS

Nodirjon Yodgorov — 2025-08-29

Post-traumatic gonarthrosis (PTG) is one of the most significant degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the knee joint. Although the primary damage occurs in the articular cartilage, recent studies have demonstrated that subchondral bone alterations play a decisive role in the early progression of the disease. Morphological remodeling of the subchondral bone is closely interconnected with cartilage degradation and is characterized by osteoblast–osteoclast imbalance, changes in mineralization, and sclerosis. Therefore, the investigation of subchondral bone alterations is of great importance for a deeper understanding of PTG pathogenesis and for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SYSTEMS APPROACH IN THE STUDY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND URBANIZATION PROCESSES

Pakhlavon Kurbanov — 2025-08-29

The paper examines the significance of the Systems Approach in studying urban development and urbanization. Urbanization is a complex process that influences economic, social, and ecological dimensions of society. The Systems Approach views cities as integrated entities in which all elements are interconnected, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of infrastructure, demographic change, and urban–rural interactions. This methodology facilitates efficient resource allocation, enhances urban management, and supports sustainable development. The study also reviews the contributions of Patrick Geddes, Lewis Mumford, Kevin Lynch, and Jane Jacobs, who emphasized the interdependence of social, economic, ecological, and technological factors in urban growth. Their ideas laid the foundations of modern urban studies and continue to shape sustainable urban planning. Overall, the Systems Approach remains a vital tool for understanding the dynamics of urbanization and addressing contemporary challenges in city development.

THE CONCEPT OF INCLUSIVE HIGHER EDUCATION AND ITS LEGAL NATURE

Jakhongir Bokiev — 2025-08-29

In today’s globalized world, ensuring human rights is considered one of the main goals of state policy. In particular, among human rights, states pay special attention to the individual’s right to education. This is because it is no secret that the future development of a country depends on the intellectual potential, knowledge, and education of its people. Ensuring the right to education and creating equal opportunities for all in educational policy has become one of the primary issues. This, in turn, requires states to take measures to ensure inclusivity in the education system. The development of legal mechanisms in this area holds special significance at both national and international levels, and improving the legal foundations of inclusive education is becoming an integral part of the modern education system.