384
UDK: 636.32/. 38.084.1
EFFICIENCY OF USE OF FEED ADDITIVES IN FATTENING
KARAKUL LAMBS
Yaxyayev Baxtiyor Sadullaevich
Associate Professor of Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, Animal
Husbandry and Biotechnology Samarkand (Uzbekistan)
Abstract: This article presents the results of stall fattening of 6-month-old
Karakul lamds using feed additives in the complex: bentonite as a source of minerals;
probiotic "Baktovit" as a natural bio stimulant and carbamide as a source of nitrogen
and increasing the protein nutritional value of diets for ruminants, chlorella algae
suspension as a source of biologically active substances. The results are presented by
the data obtained by the live weight gain of experimental animals and feed
consumption per unit of weight gain.
Keywords: karakul rams, fattening, bentonite, carbamide, probiotic, chlorella.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КОРМОВЫХ ДОБАВОК ПРИ
ОТКОРМЕ КАРАКУЛЬСКИХ БАРАНЧИКОВ
Аннотация: в данной статье приводятся результаты стойлового
откорма баранчиков каракульской породы 6 месячного возраста с
использованием кормовых добавок в комплексе: бентонита в качестве
источника минеральных веществ; пробиотика «Бактовит» в качестве
натурального биостимулятора; карбамида, как источник азота и повышения
протеиновой питательности рационов для жвачных животных и суспензии
водоросли хлорелла в качестве источника биологически активных веществ.
Результаты представлены данными полученных привесов живой массы
подопытных животных и расходами кормов на единицу привеса.
Ключевые слова: каракульские баранчики, откорм, бентонит, карбамид,
пробиотик, хлорелла.
QORAKO‘L QO‘CHQORCHALARINI BO‘RDOQIDA BOQISHDA
QO‘SHIMCHA OZUQALARDAN FOYDADALNISH SAMARADORLIGI
Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada 6 oylik qorako‘l zotli qo‘chqorchalarni
bo‘rdoqiga boqishda ozuqaviy qo‘shimchalar sifatida: minerallar manbai sifatida
gilmoya; tabbiy biostimulyator sifatida ozuqaviy probiotik “Baktovit”; azot manbai
sifatida va kavsh qaytaruvchi hayvonlar ratsionining proteinli to‘yimliligini oshirishda
foydalanish mumkin bo‘lgan karbamid hamda biologik faol moddalar manbai sifatida
xlorella suv o‘tining suspenziyalaridan foydalanish samaradoligi keltirilgan. Tajriba
natijalari sifatida tajriba ostidagi hayvonlar tirik vaznining ozgarishi va ularning o‘sishi
uchun sarflangan ozuqa xarajatlari bilan bayon etilgan.
385
Introduction.
Karakul breeding is one of the main branches of agriculture in
Uzbekistan. The fodder base of this industry is formed by of natural pasturelands.
However, the global problem of climate warming and without controlled grazing,
expands the degradation of pastures, which leads to decrease in their productivity.
Therefore, an important task of conducting effective sheep breeding is innovative
solutions for the organization of full-fledged feeding using feed additives, which make
it possible to increase the energy and biological value of diets.
The following types can be considered as effective feed additives. For example,
the study of the role of probiotics as a feed additive has received a new direction in the
field of biotechnology. The Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of
the Republic of Uzbekistan has developed a biologically active additive "Baktovit".
Analysis of studies showed a positive effect of the probiotic on the morphological and
immunobiological composition of the blood, activation of defense systems and an
increase in the immune properties of animals, growth rates and an increase in the
digestibility of dietary nutrients, which led to a 20% feed savings [2, c.346-349].
Microalgae and some photoautotrophic unicellular algae are widely used in
animal husbandry as biologically active feed additives in animal nutrition. It can be
noted that among unicellular algae, chlorella has been sufficiently studied as a feed
supplement, including in Karakul sheep breeding. In the 70-80s of the last century,
chlorella received scientific confirmation of the effectiveness of its use as a feed
additive, however, it did not find a technical solution for wide application.
One of the non-traditional feed additives is bentonite clay, which has the ability
to adsorb poisons, bacteria and toxins, envelop the inflammatory mucous membranes
of the digestive tract, and at the same time are a source of macro- and microelements.
Under the conditions of Uzbekistan, bentonite of Azkamar fild received a
recommendation for use as a mineral supplement. Domestic scientists have developed
and approved the specifications for this clay used as mineral additives in the diets of
farm animals [4, p. 2-5].
In the practice of animal husbandry, synthetic nitrogen-containing substances in
the form of carbamide and others are used to increase the protein nutritional value of
diets. They can only be used in the feeding of ruminants capable of using non-protein
nitrogen for the synthesis of their own div by ruminant microorganisms. When using
carbamide in feeding, it is necessary to adhere to strict recommendations for their use,
which makes it possible to provide protein nutrition in the diets of ruminants for 25-
30% of its total requirement [3, p. 33-40].
Taking into account the above, we carried out scientific experiments on the stall
fattening of lambs of the Karakul breed (6 months of age) using the above-mentioned
feed additives, i.e. probiotic "Baktovit", bentonite of the Azkamar fild, urea, and a
suspension of algae chlorella sp
2
strain.
Materials and Methods. According
to
the
method
of
groups
of
analogues,
three
groups
of
lambs
were
formed,
25
heads
each,
where
the
first
group
received
the
conditional
name
of
the
control,
the
second
and
third
–
experimental.
The
maintenance
of
experimental
animals
was
carried
out
in
the
same
zoohygienic
conditions.
Feed
rations
were
made
up
of
local
feed,
which
included:
mixed
grass
hay,
wheat
straw,
wheat
bran,
barley
and
table
salt.
386
Feeding
norms,
composition
and
nutritional
value
of
the
diet
was
determined
on
the
basis
of
reference
data
[1,
p.
228-231].
Feeding
in
the
control
group
was
carried
out
on
the
basis
of
the
diet
established
in
the
farm.
The
experimental
groups
of
lambs
received
additional
feed
additives,
i.e.
for
the
II-experimental
group
included:
bentonite
and
carbamide,
for
the
III-experimental
group:
bentonite,
carbamide,
probiotic
and
suspension
of
chlorella
algae.
Feed
additives
were
included
in
the
following
amounts:
bentonite
–
1
g
per
1
kg
of
live
weight;
carbamide
8-10
g;
probiotic
–
0.1%
of
the
weight
of
the
diet,
chlorella
suspension
was
used
for
drink
animals
and
its
amount
was
not
limited.
Sheep
fattening
continued
for
60
days.
Accounting
for
average
daily
weight
gain,
feed
consumption
for
weight
gain
and
other
indicators
were
studied
according
to
generally
accepted
methods
in
zootechnics.
Results and discussion.
When studying the dynamics of changes in the live
weight of animals, the following results were obtained (table 1).
Table 1.
Change in live weight and average daily increments, (n=25), X±Sx
Group
Weight at the
beginning of
fattening, kg
Weight at the
end of
fattening, kg
Absolute
weight gain, kg
Average daily
weight again,
g
I
25,6±0,20
35,7±0,37
10,1±0,39
168,5±6,45
II
25,8±0,21
37,7±0,41
11,9±0,43
198,4±7,16
III
26,1±0,22
38,6±0,44
12,5±0,46
208,3±7,74
Over the entire fattening period, the absolute gain in live weight of lambs in the
experimental groups exceeded this indicator in the control group, i.e. in the
II-experimental group more by 1.8 kg or 17.8% and in the III-experimental group
by 2.4 kg or 23.8%.
The highest results in terms of average daily weight gain were also obtained in
the experimental groups, however, in the III-experimental group of animals, where they
were used, all of the listed types of supplements were the highest. In this group, the
average daily weigh gain was 208 g, which is higher than the control indicator by 40 g
or 23.0%. At the same time, the reliability of the difference in the results obtained also
turned out to be highly reliable (p˃0.01-0.001).
Table 2 provides data on the consumption of feed per 1 kg of growth in fattened
rams.
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Table 2.
Feed consumption per 1 kg of weight gain
Group
Absolute
weight
gain, kg
The total feed
consumption
Feed consumption
per 1 kg of weight
gain
In relation to the
control group, %
Energy
Feed Unit
, MDj
Digestive
protein, kg
Energy
Feed
Unit ,
MDj
Digestive
protein,
kg
Energy
Feed
Unit ,
MDj
Digestive
protein,
kg
I
10,1
86,61
6,762
8,57
669,50
100
100
II
11,9
86,61
6,762
7,27
568,23
84,83
84,87
III
12,5
86,61
6,762
6,92
540,96
80,74
80,80
The data in the table show that the use of feed additives contributed not only to
an increase in absolute and average daily weight gain, but also to saving feed. Thus, in
the I-control group, 1 kg of weight gain consumed 8.57 Energy Feed Units and 669.5
g of digestible protein. If these data are taken as 100%, then in the II-experimental
group, the consumption of Energy Feed Units and digestible protein in relation to the
control is 84.83 and 84.87%, in the III-experimental group 80.74 and 80.80%,
respectively. It can be concluded that in group II, the use of supplements contributed
to the saving of Energy Feed Units by 15.14% and digestible protein by 15.13%; in
group III by 19.26 and 19.20%, respectively.
Conclusion.
In conclusion, we can conclude that in the stall fattening of karakul
lambs, the complex use of feed additives in the form of probiotic, bentonite, carbamide
and a suspension of chlorella algae for animal watering contributes to an increase in
average daily weight gain, while this makes it possible to save feed for weight gain up
to 19%. Their integrated use in feeding Karakul lambs is an innovative solution in
strengthening the forage base and intensifying this industry.
References:
1. Kalashnikov A.P., etc. Norms and diets of feeding farm animals. // M.
Rosselkhozakademiya, 2003, p. 228-231.
2. Kutlieva G.Dj., Elova N.A., Yusubakhmedov A.A. The effectiveness of the
probiotic feed additive “BaktoVit” for the feeding of broiler chickens. The
development trend of veterinary parasitology in the early XXI century // Samarkand
2021, p. 346-349.
3. Modyanov A.V. Use of synthetic substances in animal feeding. // Moskva,
Rosselkhozizdat, 1981, p. 33-40.
4. Nazarov Sh.N., Rudyak T.N., Naxalbaev A., Izbasarov U.K., Mamadaliev F./
Technical specifications for the crushed clay of Azkamar bentonite for the using as a
mineral supplement in the diets of farm animals. // Samarkand, 1992, p. 2-5.