ILMIY VA PROFESSIONAL TA’LIM JARAYONIDA MULOQOT, FAN VA MADANIYATLAR
INTEGRATSIYASI
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Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
CULTURAL INFLUENCE ON TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Istamova Shokhista Rustamovna
Teacher of SamSIFL
Annotation:
Cultural Influence on Foreign Language Teaching to understand the
importance of culture we need to know to what extent cultural background knowledge influences
language learning and teaching, and how can we take advantage of that influence. To account for
the roles culture plays in language learning and teaching, it is necessary to demonstrate the
functions it may perform in the components of language learning and teaching, such as listening,
speaking, reading, and translating. Cultural influence on vocabulary Language is the carrier of
culture and vocabulary is the basic ingredient of language.
Key words:
Culture, cultural influence, cultural factors, experience, context, speaking,
listening, reading, writing, weak grammar, background knowledge, listening ability,
pronunciation.
The cultural difference will inevitably exhibited on the vocabulary, and the explanation of
vocabulary will also reflect the national or cultural difference. Take colour as an example. In
Chinese, white, denoting a colour, often associates with “pure, noble and moral goodness”, and
the bride is dressed in white during the wedding in most western countries. In China the bride
must wear red in the traditional wedding, definitely not white. Because Red means “happiness,
good luck, flourishing and prosperous” in the future and people only wear white in funerals
when one’s family member or relative is dead. White in China, is associated with “pale, weak
and without vitality”. Thus, learning a language implies not only the knowledge of its grammar
rules and the denotative meanings of words but it involves much more, such as the culture
phenomena, the way of life, habits and customs, history and everything that is contained of
culture. In a word, culture is a comprehensive composite with abundant implication, and each
factor in it may be exhibited on words. Learning vocabulary, while paying attention to cultural
factors, is vital and crucial.
Cultural influence on listening In foreign language learning particularly in training their
listening ability to understand better, learners often complain that although they spend lots of
time in learning and practicing their ability of listening comprehension, their progress is not
satisfactory. To achieve this end, they do everything what they can. Some, for example, buy tape
recorders to facilitate their learning process in an attempt to improve their listening ability, and
spend several hours in it every day. But when they meet new listening materials, they still can’t
understand them. The reason for this may be various, but some of them have been identified.
Among them are their small vocabulary, weak grammar, and vague pronunciation. But a
relatively more important reason is that they lack the necessary cultural background knowledge
of the language they have learned. Listening is closely related to the culture, politics and
economy of the target language. In judging one’s listening ability, we are in fact considering his
comprehensive ability, including the English level, intellectual range, analytical and imaginative
ability, etc. We may have this kind of experience: when we are listening to something where the
events involved are familiar to us, no matter what they are, e.g., news, reports, stories, lectures;
or art, science, sports or economy, it is relatively easier for us to understand. Even if there are
some new words in it, we can guess the meaning in the light of the context. On the contrary, it
will be difficult for us to understand, if the materials we are listening to are closely related to the
cultural background knowledge we are not familiar with. Sometimes the materials may be easy
and we can get the pronunciation of each word from the tape, but the lack of necessary cultural
background knowledge may hinder our thorough understanding. If, for example, a student comes
across a sentence like: Edward Kennedy went downhill since Chappaquiddick. He won’t find it
difficult to understand the structure of the sentence. But if he doesn’t know that
“Chappaquiddick” is the name of a place in America, and is used in this sentence to refer to the
ILMIY VA PROFESSIONAL TA’LIM JARAYONIDA MULOQOT, FAN VA MADANIYATLAR
INTEGRATSIYASI
419
Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
traffic accident E. Kennedy suffered, they cannot understand the real meaning. From the above
explanation we can see how important the role that culture plays in our listening ability: Culture
is one of its unalienable attachments. It can hinder our progress of listening, and it can also help
it. So we should notice the existence of culture and try to take advantage of it.
Conclusion
Cultural influence on speaking Just like listening, the ability of speaking is not a matter
only concerned with pronunciation or intonation. People need to read a lot to understand the
cultural background knowledge of the target language; only in this way they can communicate
successfully with the others. So in the training of oral English, teachers should emphasize the
practical use of the language, and try to use the materials which come from the daily life. This
can help people use proper sentences in proper context. Otherwise, even if one may have been
well trained in the linguistic aspect of the language, he may make mistakes or have
misunderstanding for the sake of lacking related cultural background knowledge. For this, the
experience of a young interpreter is a case in point: There is a young interpreter whose
pronunciation is standardized and natural.
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