EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE11
154
WORKS GLORIFYING OUR COUNTRYMEN DURING THE YEARS OF THE GREAT
PATRIOTIC WAR
Miyasar Kabulova
Freelance Researcher, Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Press, journalism, text, article,
training.
Received:
19.11.2024
Accepted
: 24.11.2024
Published
: 29.11.2024
Abstract:
The article "Press of Karakalpakstan"
discusses the productive work of press and media
workers during the war years.
INTRODUCTION
The role of newspapers in promoting scientific achievements and their practical application is
extremely important. Newspapers serve all segments of the population. Their pages feature scientific
news written in an accessible language, making them engaging for every literate person. Newspapers
contribute greatly to strengthening the link between science and life by reporting on scientific methods
used to organize industrial sites and other institutions, highlighting scientific achievements,
introducing scientists to the public, and connecting them with their readers. This role of newspapers
fundamentally fosters scientific development and the growth of its workforce.
The scientific history of Karakalpakstan during the war years was revised in the post-war decade,
constituting a second period of development. The scientific works of [13] E.A. Voskoboinikov and [15]
B.D. Dastsyuk provide insight into the contributions of Karakalpakstan workers in the international
struggle for victory over the enemy.
During the years of World War II, writers and poets served tirelessly. The war presented new challenges
for the multi-ethnic literature. These tasks included mobilizing the masses against the enemy using the
VOLUME04 ISSUE11
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-04-11-24
Pages: 154-159
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE11
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tool of artistic language, strengthening the patriotic spirit of the people, boosting their morale, depicting
the heroism of the people on the front lines and in the rear, and exposing the true face of the enemy,
their injustice, and their cruelty.
The development of literature during the war years marked a distinct stage. During this stage, the
inherent characteristics of literature, such as patriotism, militant civic consciousness, close connection
to people's lives, and historical optimism, took on a particularly powerful role. The emphasis was on
showcasing the heroism, courage, and high patriotic consciousness of our people, making wartime
patriotism the core of our literature. The iconic hero of this era
–
the soldier and the worker
–
emerged
with renewed vigor in the press and our literature. Moreover, the people, with a keen sense of
responsibility, dedicated all their efforts to the common cause of achieving the great historical victory,
and the strength of patriotism was tested through immense trials. All of this was depicted in the press
through the works of our writers and poets.
From the very first days of the war, press workers actively participated in the great popular struggle.
Many writers and poets volunteered for military service. Some of them heroically gave their lives for
the Motherland. Numerous writers and poets worked as war correspondents. During the war years,
they wielded their pens like spears in the struggle against the enemy.
World War II brought about significant changes in both literature and the press. While the main theme
of literature and the press in the pre-war five-year plans was the depiction of the labor of the Soviet
people building socialism, the primary focus shifted to the portrayal of the people's struggle against the
fascist invaders.
The Soldier: The Defining Hero of Those Years
During those years, the valiant soldier stood as the quintessential hero. The newspaper "Red
Karakalpakstan" depicted the war in its entirety, portraying the cold truth, its cruelty, and the
accompanying sorrow and hardship without any embellishment or concealment. Moreover, it
emphasized the inevitable victory, assuring the people that the future belonged to them, instilling
unwavering confidence in their hearts. It inspired the populace by showcasing the heroism of the
frontlines and the selfless dedication of the home front.
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In the early years of the war, three books were published featuring works by Karakalpak writers on the
theme of war and translations of war-themed works: «For the Motherland», «We Will Destroy the
Enemy», and «Patriotic Songs».
The central theme of these books was the heroic struggle of the people against fascism, expressed with
a hopeful spirit and an unwavering belief in a grand historical victory. There was no trace of pessimism
or despair about the future.
During the years of World War II, patriotism and the heroic spirit of the people found prominent
expression in the songs of the folk poets A. Dabilov and S. Narymbetov. Sadiq Narymbetov's song «My
Child» poignantly portrays the heartfelt instructions and military mission given by an aging father as
he sends his son off to war. His other songs also highlight the patriotic spirit of the people. In his song
«Why is a Cowardly Man Needed», the poet Abbas depicts bravery and hatred for the enemy in the style
of traditional folk songs. These two poets' songs, celebrating the tireless efforts of Karakalpakstan
workers on the home front, exceeding their work quotas and striving for a bountiful cotton harvest,
gained immense popularity among the people. They tirelessly wrote and performed their songs,
bolstering the heroic spirit of the people. Collective farms, cotton workers' meetings, and congresses
served as their platforms.
For instance, during the early years of World War II, the poet Myrzagaliy Daribayev created works that
highlighted the heroism of the soldiers on the front lines, exposing the cruelty of the enemy («The Five
Heroes» - a poem that remained unfinished, «The Partisan», «The Winged Hero» - songs), and works
that depicted friendship and patriotism («Four Words», «Zoyajan», etc.). The poet Dali Nazbergenov, in
his poem «Two Heroes», depicts patriotism and courage, and in his song «You Are Not Orphans», he
celebrates the brotherhood and friendship of the people of that era with high-minded humanism. The
song depicts the paternal care and maternal love given to orphaned children, evacuated to the East by
people of the Eastern nationalities. However, both these poets tragically perished in a plane crash in
1942, a significant loss for literature.
Similarly, during the war years, Nauryz Japakov, in his songs «Fascists, Lower Your Hands», «The Guard
Banner», «Don't Submit to the Sun's Rays», condemned the invasion policies of the fascists and sang of
the heroic spirit of the people.
The poet Amet Shamuratov, in his collection of works published in 1943, and in other songs written
during the war years, glorified the heroic deeds of the soldiers on the front lines and in the fields
(«March Forward», «We Will Destroy Them», «My Son is Here», etc.). During these years, many poems
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by A. Begimov, T. Seitmamutov, and other poets about World War II were published in the newspaper
«Red Karakalpakstan».
During the years of World War II, several plays emerged in Karakalpak drama. For example, in 1941,
Jolmurza Aymurzaev wrote the play «My Child», attempting to portray the theme of war in drama. The
play demonstrates how the heroic qualities of a soldier are forged in tradition, shaped by a tradition of
unwavering devotion to the cause, and how all people are truly dedicated to that cause. In the play,
Muratt, the son of a brave Karakalpak farmer, demonstrates heroism on the front lines of World War II.
That same year, the Young Spectators' Theater (TYUZ) in our republic staged Jolmyrza Aymurzaev's
play «Kolya». The play depicts the patriotic support that children of that era provided to the soldiers. J.
Aymurzaev's «Lieutenant Elmuratov» and the Rise of Wartime Drama Aymurzaev's play, «Lieutenant
Elmuratov» (1944), holds a prominent place in Karakalpak drama during the war period. The play
showcases the heroism of Karakalpak fighter Batyrbek Elmuratov on the front lines, the camaraderie
among soldiers, and the harsh realities of war. Batyrbek's heroic death serves as a poignant illustration
of the tragedy inherent in war. However, it presents a hopeful tragedy, as Batyrbek's death does not
extinguish the great ideals he championed. While the play does have some shortcomings, particularly
in its superficial depiction of the soldiers heroic acts, it stands as a significant contribution to wartime
drama.
Another young playwright of that era, S. Khojaniyazov, with his play «Our Bahadyr» (1944), also
produced a work that was staged at the Young Spectators' Theater. This play focused on highlighting
the selfless efforts of the people on the front lines and the home front.
During the war years, Karakalpak prose, literary criticism, and other branches of literature did not
achieve substantial success. Prose, in particular, was limited to a few short stories and essays. This was
due to several factors, including the deployment of prominent prose writers to the war and the
temporary suspension of the literary journal due to the war's impact.
The most prominent contributions of literary criticism during that era focused on writing articles that
reinforced the spirit of combat, strengthened patriotism, collecting and publishing folklore materials,
and revising those materials.
During this period, the main focus of literary translation was on translating short, fact-rich essays,
stories, and poems that could inspire the people's heroic spirit. These were primarily drawn from
Russian literature. M. Sholokhov's essay «The Science of Hatred Towards the Enemy" and Lebedev-
Kumach's song «Rise, My People» were among those translated. The indomitable spirit of the people
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
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and their love for the Motherland, depicted in the fictional heroes of the press, fueled their heroism,
strengthened their courage, and solidified their faith in victory.
The defining hero of the war years was the soldier, who appeared in almost every issue of the
newspaper. The core themes centered around love for the homeland, extraordinary bravery, friendship
and kinship, and the struggle against the enemy, fueled by a deep hatred for them.
The «Red Karakalpakstan» newspaper, during the years of World War II, saw an intensified emphasis
on patriotism. Every individual, from his or her village or city to Moscow, came to understand the
profound significance of the word «Motherland». The Karakalpak fighter realized his responsibility to
defend every inch of the land, from the black willow trees growing near his home to the birch trees in
Ukraine, for these boundless lands represented his cherished Motherland.
Notably, a song by N. Japakov and D. Nazbergenov, «Moscow», expressing unwavering faith in the
defense of their homeland and singing of the love and devotion of the people for the land of their birth,
resonated with this theme and was published in the newspaper. Through these songs, the poets not
only cultivated the soldiers' love for their homeland but also instilled an unwavering hatred for the
enemy, those who had ignited the flames of war.
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