https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar <p>Eurasian Journal of Academic Research is an open access, peer-reviewed international journal that publishes original research and review articles related to diverse areas. The main objective is to offer an intellectual platform to the international scholars and it aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in applied sciences. All manuscripts must be prepared in Uzbek, English or Russian languages and subject to a rigorous peer-review process.</p> «Innovative Academy RSC» LLC ru-RU Eurasian Journal of Academic Research 2181-2020 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138125 Our country education in the system last in years done increasing wide comprehensive of reforms at the bottom supreme education system content update, information globalized one in the period this education in the system pedagogical activity of the professors and teachers who are conducting education process organization to reach modernization, this to the process innovative technologies implementation to do, this regarding abroad from their experiences effective use such as important tasks cover received. A Abdujalilov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 5 7 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138126 The Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PD-4884 dated November 6, 2020, established the introduction of a credit-module system in higher education and its gradual implementation in practice. A Baydullaev Sh Murotov Sh Ismoilov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 8 9 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138127 In today’s globalized world, foreign language knowledge is no longer a privilege but a necessity. A Rakhmanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 10 10 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138128 To determine the effectiveness of EdTech tools in fostering independent English learning among pharmacy students in multilingual settings Sh Ikramova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 11 11 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138129 The great statesman Sohibkiron Amir Temur, who left his name in the annals of history of our homeland, took a worthy place in world history with his sharp intellect, unique leadership skills and military skill. R O‘dayev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 12 12 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138130 In his Address, President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev outlined the goal of developing the pharmaceutical industry and expanding domestic drug production by 30%. Z Kurmanbay G Nurtayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 13 13 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138131 In light of new qualitative changes in the system of continuous foreign language education, it is necessary to rethink approaches and methods of teaching, the object and units of learning. G Maxmudbekova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 14 15 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138136 Today, the pharmaceutical sector is an integral part of the rapidly developing field of medicine M Usmanova M Hoshimjonov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 16 16 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138138 Since different recognition algorithms perform differently on the same training sample, medical of information A synthetic decision rule that flexibly uses the strengths of algorithms is relevant from issues is considered. D Narzullayev A Tursunov E Rahmonov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 17 17 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138139 Studying the spread limit of the epidemic through the Kermak-McKendrick model and studying the mathematical expression of the breeding trend. A Ochilova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 18 19 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138140 To identify the main problems in the pharmaceutical industry, analyze their causes and consequences, and develop scientifically based proposals for reforms in the sector. M Usmanova Sh Sattorova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 20 20 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138141 Pharmaceutical services in pharmacies represent a crucial component of the healthcare system, ensuring the rational use of medicines, optimizing pharmacotherapy, and improving the overall quality of patient care. Sh Tukhtaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 21 21 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138143 The heuristic approach is based on the researcher's knowledge and intuition, which are difficult to formalize. A Tursunov D Narzullayev E Rahmonov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 22 22 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138145 This article discusses the fact that the process of developing students' creative abilities consists of theoretically developed didactic approaches, the tasks performed in this process, the principles that are important to follow in increasing efficiency, and the stages of their implementation. L Sultonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 23 23 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138146 A distinctive feature of modernized education is the improvement of innovative technologies, bringing the process of independent learning to a new qualitative level. For this, it is important to study the richest pedagogical experiences in this area, to organize the conditions for applying these experiences. B Boltayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 24 24 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138147 In today’s rapidly changing era of globalization, Uzbekistan considers its future and prospects to be directly connected with the development and preservation of the family. This is clearly reflected in the fact that building a modern, exemplary and prosperous family, while enriching our traditional values, has become one of the priority directions of state policy. Kh Ashurova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 25 26 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138148 The Latin language and medical terminology are important in the field of medicine, and their study and use are necessary for the effective and accurate transmission of medical knowledge. N Kenjaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 27 28 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138149 The study of the interaction between camel thorn and medicinal products using the spectrophotometric method in the field of pharmacy G Baidullayeva V Abdrassilova N Almabayeva S Inagamov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 29 29 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138150 Развитие национального фармацевтического сектора имеет стратегическое, социальное и экономическое значение, в том числе и фармацевтического образованиия. С Атакишизаде М Велиева Д Миракилова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 30 31 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138152 T.Parsons shifokor va bemor uchun ideal rol turlarini ishlab chiqdi. Garchi shifokor va bemor, uning fikriga ko'ra, umumiy maqsad - ikkinchisining sog'lig'ini tiklash bilan bog'liq bo'lsa-da, ularning vazifalari va imtiyozlari keskin farqlanadi. A Xolboyev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 32 33 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138170 The modern methods of the educational process aimed at the comprehensive computerization and visualization of teaching subjects are focused on enhancing the quality of professional skills development in students. D Rakhimova B Rakhimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 34 35 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138171 The current process requires the use of the most modern sources. However, no matter how up-to-date the textbooks are, they cannot fully satisfy the growing demands and demands for innovations. S Shukurdjanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 36 36 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138172 Writing is often seen as one of the hardest skills to master in language learning. It requires more than just correct grammar or vocabulary — students need to organize ideas, create logical arguments, and express themselves clearly. K Obidova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 37 37 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138173 Pharmacies in Syria face chronic supply disruptions, price volatility, and reduced consumer purchasing power. A Yehia I Spichak I. Zhirova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 38 39 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138174 Human resources support for the pharmaceutical industry is one of the key factors in its sustainable development and in improving the quality of healthcare services for the population. G Azlyarova S Zhuraeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 40 40 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138175 Clinical pharmacy plays a key role in ensuring the rational use of medications and reducing the incidence of drug-related complications, which, according to the WHO, account for up to 10% of hospitalizations worldwide. A Ibragimova S Seidaliyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 41 41 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138176 Pharmaceutical education plays a crucial role in preparing the next generation of professionals who will shape global healthcare delivery. Imran Aslam S Yuldashev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 42 43 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138177 Международная деятельность Федерального государственного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (СПХФУ Минздрава России) одним из его конкурентных преимуществ на современном рынке образовательных услуг. A Карасавиди Ю Мирошниченко В Казакова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 44 47 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138185 Ta’lim tizimida zamon talabiga mos ravishda kadrlarni tayyorlashda yuqori o’rin tutadi. U butun jamiyatning barcha sohalarida, xususan, ijtimoiy, siyosiy, huquqiy, iqtisodiy, fan, texnika va madaniyati bilan bevosita va bilvosita bog‘liqdir. X Abduraxmonov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 48 49 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138186 Ta’lim tizimida zamon talabiga mos ravishda kadrlarni tayyorlashda yuqori o’rin tutadi. S Inoyatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 50 51 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138187 Современное фармацевтическое образование сталкивается с необходимостью подготовки специалистов, которые не только владеют узкопрофессиональными знаниями, но и способны принимать ответственные решения в условиях неопределенности. П Абдукадыров Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 52 52 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138188 Antik davrda O‘rta Osiyo hududida yashagan ko‘chmanchi xalqlarning (saklar, massagetlar, daxlilar, yuechjilar va boshqalar) ijtimoiy tuzilishi, iqtisodiy faoliyati va siyosiy tizimi tahlil qilish. H Sultonov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 53 53 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138189 The authors of the article consider the problem of improving internal and external communications in the context of digital transformation. This fact requires the top management of pharmaceutical companies to rethink their approaches and move to more effective corporate communication models. M Balabanov Zh Safronova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 54 54 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138191 Dietary supplements (DS) are substances that activate the body's self-regulation processes, restoring its natural dynamic balance and paving the way for healing. In the US, 80% of the population uses them, and in Europe, over 50%. Dietary supplements are natural or similar biologically active substances intended for direct oral administration in the form of powder, tablets, capsules, syrups, extracts, tinctures, concentrates, etc M Abdullaeva N Olimov Z Sidametova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 55 55 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138192 Today, lactic acid is considered one of the most demanded bioproducts worldwide. This acid is widely used in the food industry, pharmaceuticals, cosmetology, and many other sectors. G Abdulaxadova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 57 57 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138193 Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of many disorders associated with the cardiovascular and nervous systems as well as chronic inflammation. D Radjabova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 58 58 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138194 The medicinal product “Aferol” coated tablets, containing ferrous fumarate as the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), are widely used for the treatment and prevention of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The stability of such preparations is critically important, as ferrous fumarate is highly sensitive to environmental factors, including moisture, oxygen, light, and temperature. N Ilkhamova Sh Kasimova M Anvarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 59 60 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138195 As in scientific and technical, industrial, social and other spheres, the study of processes through mathematical modeling based on digital technologies, which allows predicting their results, is becoming increasingly important in pharmaceutical production. Kh Ilhamov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 61 62 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138198 An analysis of the literature on the chemical composition, medicinal properties and use of the chamomile plant in medicine, in particular in dentistry, was carried out. M Ishmukhamedova G Islamova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 63 64 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138199 Phytotherapy based on medicinal plants is one of the oldest therapeutic practices in human history and still holds an important place in modern medicine. Sh Ismoilov F Kayumov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 65 65 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138202 Herbal teas derived from medicinal plants have been traditionally and extensively utilized for centuries in folk medicine as well as in modern pharmaceutical practice G Kayumova F Kayumov Z Mamatkulov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 66 67 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138203 Import substitution is one of the priority tasks of the pharmaceutical industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan. K Khakimova Kh Yunusova N Ilhamova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 68 68 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138207 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), herbal medicines account for a significant portion of the pharmaceutical industry. G Rakhimova S Sharipova O Rakhimova N Azimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 69 70 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138208 Urolithiasis (urolithiasis) is a polyetiologic, polypathognomonic metabolic disorder characterized by the formation of kidney stones. G Rakhimova U Zhavlieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 71 72 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138209 The importance of marketing research on the diuretic pharmaceutical market is determined by their key role in modern therapeutic practice. O Rakhimova M Lurye G Rakhimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 73 73 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138211 Wormwood (Artemisia (spp.) is widespread in the flora of Kazakhstan and has long been used in folk medicine as a medicinal plant for gastrointestinal diseases, as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and restorative A Sadenova K Daurenbekov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 74 75 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138212 In recent years, the extraction of biologically active substances from medicinal plants and their use in the production of pharmaceuticals has been one of the most pressing areas of research. N Sadikova A Tulaganov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 76 77 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138213 Mycoses of the skin are a common global problem, affecting 20-30% of the world's population and ranking second among all skin diseases. A Sayfieva S Sharipova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 78 79 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138214 In recent years, the prevalence of liver and biliary tract diseases in the Republic has steadily increased: approximately 15–17% of the adult population suffers from various hepatic pathologies. The etiology and pathophysiology of these diseases are complex, and their treatment requires polyvalent agents capable of acting through several mechanisms (antioxidant, antiinflammatory, cytoprotective,regenerative). N Sindarov F Kayumov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 80 81 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138215 Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic, non-communicable diseases of our time, affecting millions of people worldwide. B Smail U Umirzakova B Torlanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 82 82 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138216 Immunosuppressant drugs are among the key therapeutic groups in modern transplantology and the treatment of autoimmune diseases. M Toyirova Kh Yunusova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 83 84 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138219 Common raspberry (Rubus Raspberry (idaeus) is the most common berry bush, possessing high nutritional and biologically active properties. G Turebekova K Daurenbekov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 84 85 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138221 In recent years, there has been a growing interest in biologically active food supplements with sedative effects. F Xusanov X Kambarov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 86 87 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138222 Escin is a natural mixture of triterpene saponins consisting of α- and β-isoforms. These isoforms differ in melting point, angle of rotation of the polarization plane, solubility, hemolytic index, and other physical properties. Sh Yusupova E Karieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 88 88 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138225 This abstract describes the results of evaluating the physicomechanical properties of Albendazole tablets obtained from supramolecular complexes of albendazole with glycyrrhizic acid, its monoammonium and monopotassium salts A Usubbayev Sh Usubbayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 89 89 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138227 Microencapsulation is one of the most promising methods for improving the stability, bioavailability, and controlled release of drugs. Zh Baymuratova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 90 91 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138228 In recent years, Interpolymer complexes (IPCs) based on sodium carboxymethylcellulose polysaccharide (Na-CMC) with various polycations have aroused considerable interest due to their universal application. Cellulose-derived IPCs have great potential in drug particle delivery systems in medicinal products S Inagamov A Eshmatov G Baydullayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 92 92 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138229 An analysis of international literature data shows that polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) are very promising, occupy an important place in materials technology, engineering, medicine, and other areas of the national economy, as they reveal a number of unique and most valuable properties. Sabitjan Inagamov Ummatjon Asrorov Olimjon Yomg’irov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 93 93 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138230 Inula helenium L., commonly known as elecampane, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, notable for its striking yellow flowers and distinctive large leaves. R Zaripova Z Abzalova A Ismailov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 94 95 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138231 In recent years, the prevalence of dermatological diseases has been increasing, leading to a significantly greater demand for effective and safe skin care products. M Akhmedova G Akhmadova N Rizayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 96 96 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138234 Dispersible tablets are one of the most promising solid dosage forms, offering ease of use, especially for patients with swallowing difficulties such as children, the elderly, and patients with dysphagia A Almatov J Bulusov D Odilova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 97 97 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138236 Modern dentistry requires dosage forms that provide prolonged and localized release of active substances. Altynkhan Sh G Ustenova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 98 99 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138237 Oсобое внимание уделяется разработке и изучению технологии получения нескольких марок эфиров целлюлозы из высокочистых марок целлюлозы, передаваемых из местного сырья - топинамбура, волокнистых отходов хлопкоочистительных предприятий, стеблей сафлоры. Г Аширова З Сандыбаева М Мурадов Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 100 101 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138239 Currently, the Uzbek market is dominated by imported medical and cosmetic products, which outweigh domestic medicines. M Baratova E Karieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 102 103 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138240 Physalis angulata (angular physalis) is an erect annual herbaceo us plant of the Solanaceae family. A Bayniyazov Sh Jumaniyazov J Baxtiyorov B Abduraxmanov G Sotimov F Egamova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 104 105 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138241 Kombinirlangan dori vositalarining asosiy ahamiyati – davolash samaradorligini oshirish, qabul qilish tartibini yengillashtirish orqali bemorning holatini yaxshilash va tarkibidagi har bir necha xil komponentlarning kichik dozalari hisobiga nojo‘ya ta’sirlar xavfini kamaytirishdir. N Vaxidova F Maksudova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 106 106 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138242 Farmakoterapiyada yallig‘lanish jarayonini davolash uchun nosteroid yallig‘lanishga qarshi vositalar (NYaQV) hisoblanadi. F Maksudova M Raximova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 107 108 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138243 Yuqoridagilarni inobatga olib taqdiqotmiz obyekti bo’lgan klaritromitsin antibiotikigini mahalliy ishlab chiqarilishini kengaytirish maqsadida klaritromitsin asosida tarkib ishlab chqildi. F Maksudova N Nusratova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 109 110 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138244 According to statistical analyses, most agents used today for the treatment of infectious throat diseases are obtained through chemical synthesis, while preparations derived from natural raw materials are relatively rare S Abrayqulova Sh Turaboev B Sagdullaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 111 111 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138245 Aromatic waters are widely used in pharmacy and phytocosmetology due to their natural origin and mild effect on the skin. A Erkebaeva N Zhalalova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 112 112 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138246 chewable pastilles combine taste masking, ease of use and the ability to select individual doses, which is especially valuable in pediatrics, geriatrics and for patients with dysphagia. A Inkin N Krishtanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 113 113 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138247 Modern requirements for the quality of medicinal products imply high precision in packaging labeling, especially in mass production. A Andassova M Tleubayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 114 114 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138248 Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the most unfavorable pathological conditions that significantly reduces the duration and quality of life for patients. M Jaloliddinova Kh Yunusova F Anvarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 115 116 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138250 One of the current problems in the pharmaceutical industry is the creation of innovative, highly bioeffective, affordable, and low-toxic drugs based on local medicinal plant raw materials, as well as the localization of the production of recommended drugs. M Anvarova Z Turdiyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 117 117 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138251 Дезлоратадин, лекарственный препарат с доказанной антигистаминной активностью, в настоящее время на фармацевтическом рынке представлен в лекарственных формах: таблетки, раствор и сироп. Ю Полковникова А Беленова У. Тульская Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 118 118 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138252 Anemia is characterized by diseases that are widespread in the Republic of Uzbekistan. According to prominent scholars who have researched the field, the disorder has now been reported in 2 out of every 4 individuals and in some districts in 65% of the population. M Tashmuxamedova N Fayzullayeva X Mamatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 119 120 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138253 This work presents a developed natural face cream based on coconut oil and talc, which has moisturizing, softening, and mating properties L Rahmatjonova N Rizaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 121 122 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138254 The effective treatment of many dermatological diseases is associated with the use, along with traditional dosage forms (ointments, gels, solutions), of modern dosage forms such as polymeric medicinal films. G Tureeva F Abed Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 123 124 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138255 Биологически активные добавки (БАД), являются наиболее эффективным способом устранения дефицита витаминов и минералов, но при условии содержания биологических веществ в дозах, соответствующих физиологическим потребностям человека. Х Шерматова Ф Умарова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 125 126 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138257 The limited range of pediatric medications and the forms in which they are produced prompted the First International Expert Conference on Essential Medicines for Children to be held in Geneva in 2006. S Khadjimetova Y Karieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 127 127 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138258 Today, problems related to climate change and environmental pollution are leading to a further aggravation of the situation, and factors such as environmental degradation, increased consumption of food products enriched with chemical additives and preservatives, excessive use of medications, lack of exercise, stress, etc. Sh Erkaeva Z Pazilbekova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 128 129 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138259 Peptic ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum is a chronic, recurrent disorder characterized by mucosal defects and ulcer formation in the stomach and duodenal walls. S Ulug'bekova Z Pazilbekova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 130 131 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138260 Zamonaviy farmatsevtika sanoatida dori vositalarining yangi shakllarini ishlab chiqish va amaliyotga joriy etish soha rivojining ustuvor yo‘nalishlaridan biridir. N Habibullayeva M Ziyamuhamedova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 132 133 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138261 Phytotherapy is a rich and inexhaustible source of nature, which provides the possibility of individual use of medicinal plants, taking into account the classification of diseases, leading symptoms and syndromes, as well as their etiopathogenesis. M Rasulova M Ziyamukhamedova Z Nazarova M Shukhratullayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 134 134 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138262 Hozirgi davrda allergik kasalliklar va yallig‘lanish bilan kechuvchi holatlar dunyo bo‘yicha eng keng tarqalgan muammolardan biri bo‘lib qolmoqda. S Cho’liyeva D Safarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 135 135 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138263 Karies, gingivit va periodontit kabi og'iz kasalliklari dunyodagi eng keng tarqalgan kasalliklardan biridir. JSST ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, dunyo bo'ylab 3,5 milliardga yaqin odam og'iz bo’shlig’i kasalliklaridan aziyat chekmoqda D Mirakilova S Muxitdinov A Rezvanov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 136 136 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138265 Parrot and oral cavity diseases are multifactorial in nature and, as established by modern research, are caused by microbial aggression. N Rizayeva A Alkorov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 137 138 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138266 The basis of the development of gout is hyperuricemia, which is a constant excess of uric acid in the blood. A Ernazarov H Yunusova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 139 139 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138268 исследование и разработка шипучих таблеток является актуальной задачей фармацевтической науки, т.к. удобство пользования быстрорастворимыми газообразующими препаратами создает им широкие возможности применения и обеспечивает высокий терапевтический эффект лекарственных веществ. З Зуфарова Х Юнусова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 140 141 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138269 Barcha dori preparatlariga asosan quyidagi talablar qo‘yiladi: biofaollik, sifat, mikrobiologik tozalik va turg‘unlik. F Qarshieva Z Zufarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 142 142 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138270 Nootropic drugs occupy a key place in modern neurological and psychiatric practice, as they help improve cognitive functions, memory recovery, concentration, and neuroplasticity. M Ismailova Kh Yunusova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 143 143 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138271 Blood plasma is a valuable biological fluid that contains many proteins, immunoglobulins, coagulation factors, and biologically active substances. X Zairova Y Sharipova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 144 145 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138272 Statistika agentligining rasmiy ma’lumotlariga ko’ra hozirgi kunga kelib respublikamizda aholini birinchi marta tashxis bilan qayd qilingan kasalliklarga chalinish turlari boʻyicha eng yuqori koʻrsatkich nafas organlari kasalliklari hissasiga toʻgʻri kelib, har 100 ming aholidan 13 ming nafarida ushbu kasallanish kuzatilmoqda. D Abdullayeva Sh Turaboyev B Sagdullaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 146 146 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138273 Проблема инфицированных ран остается одной из ключевых в клинической практике К Кожанова Г Кадырбаева T Бекежанова А Караубаева К Жапаркулова А Зият Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 147 148 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138274 In recent years, obesity has become a serious medical and social problem worldwide. A Joldasov A Mukhanova D Tayirova S Maksudova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 149 149 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138276 Lingonberry and bearberry leaves should be considered valuable medicinal plant raw materials for the production of medicinal products. O Khishova K Kovalevich Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 150 150 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138280 The problem of infected wounds remains one of the key challenges in clinical practice. K Kozhanova G Kadyrbayeva T Bekezhanova A Karaubayeva K Zhaparkulova A Ziyat Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 151 152 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138282 In recent years, natural polysaccharides have been extensively studied as promising components for the development of dosage forms with controlled release. A Kuldanova A Akhelova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 153 153 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138283 The development of phytopharmaceuticals requires the introduction of innovative methods for obtaining substances from medicinal plant raw materials. Zhanerke Seitova Murat Ashirov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 154 154 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138285 Corn silk (Zea mays L.) is a source of biologically active substances (BAS), among which flavonoids are of particular importance. K Nazirova R Sadikova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 155 155 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138286 the relevance is due to the high prevalence of wound pathology and the lack of complex and effective means for its treatment in the domestic pharmaceutical market. K Nikitin E Zhilyakova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 156 156 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138287 Phytotherapy is a rich and inexhaustible source of nature, which provides the possibility of individual use of medicinal plants, taking into account the classification of diseases, leading symptoms and syndromes, as well as their etiopathogenesis. M Rasulova M Ziyamukhamedova Z Nazarova M Shukhratullayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 157 157 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138290 Medicinal plant raw materials are an important source of biologically active substances, which is why dry forms are preferred for the creation of phytopharmaceuticals due to their stability, ease of dosing, and storage. B Sagindykova G Shoinbayeva S Imanalieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 158 158 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138292 Cardiovascular diseases, particularly stroke, are widespread among the population, independently of age Z Sandybaeva G Ashirova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 159 159 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138293 Today, the purification and standardization of biologically active substances extracted from medicinal plants is a pressing issue. A Sanoyev K Chulpanov N Makhmudkhonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 160 161 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138294 The effective treatment of many dermatological diseases is associated with the use, along with traditional dosage forms (ointments, gels, solutions), of modern dosage forms such as polymeric medicinal films. G Tureeva F Abed Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 162 163 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138295 Biologically active supplements (BAS) are the most effective way to eliminate vitamin and mineral deficiencies, provided that the supplements contain biological substances in doses that meet the physiological needs of the human body. Kh Shermatova F Umarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 164 165 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138296 Nowadays, nanocellulose (NC) derivatives are used in various high-quality functional applications. F Urishova M Kuzieva Z Abitkhudjaeva A Atakhanov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 166 166 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138297 Glycyrrhizinic acid, a triterpene saponin, is a biologically active compound known for its pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Zhuldyz Zholayeva K Bazhykova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 167 167 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138298 Akrilamid (AA) va boshqa to‘yinmagan amidlar asosida polimerlarni sintez qilishning asosiy usuli radikal polimerizatsiya bo‘lib, u barcha ma’lum usullar bilan amalga oshirilishi mumkin. S Xazratkulova N Zokirova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 168 168 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138299 Kidney and urinary system diseases of various etiologies occupy an important place in the general structure of the population's morbidity M Rakhmatullayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 169 170 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138300 Creating a quality system requires the development of standard operational procedures for the sale of medicinal products and pharmacy assortment goods, as well as for all types of work that influence the quality of activities I Maxmudova N Suyunov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 172 172 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138301 Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which can occur in acute or chronic forms. Its causes include Helicobacter pylori infection, acid hyper secretion, and other contributing factors. G Ibragimova N Suyunov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 173 174 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138302 Urolithiasis are common type of urological disease, accounting for approximately 12% of the population. The increasing incidence of the disease is associated with risks such as chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure. F Eshmuradova N Suyunov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 175 176 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138303 Currently, the prevalence of allergic diseases is constantly increasing. Allergic diseases and their complications lead to a decrease in the quality of life and an increase in the need for anti-allergic drugs. U Akramov X Abdullayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 177 178 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138304 rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease of connective tissue, characterized by progressive joint damage and deformity, as well as the development of disability. Contemporary pharmacotherapy includes disease-modifying ant rheumatic drugs, biological agents, and symptomatic treatment. B Seytniyazova N Suyunov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 179 181 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138306 Conclusions: with this decreeAmendments and additions are made to the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Medicinal Products and Pharmaceutical Activities" and the national standard of the Republic of Uzbekistan, harmonized with the international standard "ISO:13485", is approved. N Abdurakhmonova U Usmanov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 182 183 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138307 In recent years, the pharmaceutical market of Uzbekistan has been actively developing towards localization of production and reducing import dependency. A Askarov G Toichiev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 184 184 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138308 hormones are important for a person to lead an active life. Hormones regulate all the processes that go in the body, support its stability, respond to external and internal changes, while controlling reproductive health and growth. G Ergasheva A Raximov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 185 185 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138331 Analysis of supply stability assesses the reliability and predictability of logistical processes by measuring indicators such as failure frequency, delivery times, and service quality to ensure timely delivery of goods and minimize risks. N Azimova A Rakhimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 186 187 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138332 This study analyzed the market for systemic antiviral drugs and presented the results using the content analysis method. M Egamberdieva A Rakhimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 188 189 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138333 Drug safety is a key element of the national healthcare system, ensuring public access to quality medications. A Akpambetova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 190 190 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138334 In modern conditions, there is a growing interest in drugs and biologically active additives containing plant extracts. N Kozhakhmetova N Rakhymbayev A Akhelova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 191 192 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138335 Biologically active additives - the same as natural or the same as natural, will be intended for consumption or inclusion in the composition at the same time as biological food. N Madatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 193 193 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138336 Medicine supply for the population is a key element of the healthcare system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Ayazhan Tursynbayeva Nurtayeva Galiya Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 194 194 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138337 International cooperation in pharmaceutics is manifested through the registration of foreign medicines, which contributes to expanding public access to innovative therapies and improving quality standards. L Rahmatjonova G Azlyarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 195 195 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138338 Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality worldwide N Rajabova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 196 196 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138339 The growing number of innovative but expensive anticancer drugs imposes a significant burden on healthcare systems Odina Rikhsieva N Rajabova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 197 197 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138340 Oncological diseases rank second after cardiovascular diseases in terms of mortality. Stomach cancer is one of the most common oncological diseases N Salokhiddinova Z Khidoyatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 198 198 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138341 the pharmaceutical market remains one of the key sectors of the global economy: rising healthcare expenditures, demographic changes, and technological innovations are shaping new requirements for quality, marketing, and production localization. A Toshmamatova G Azlyarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 199 200 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138342 Oncogematological diseases, especially in children, can cause serious negative effects and long-term health problems. N Turdaliyeva G Sultanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 201 202 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138343 osteoporosis is a systemic disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, strength, and microarchitecture, leading to increased bone fragility. Z Yusupova D Saipova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 203 204 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138344 The development of the pharmaceutical industry in the Almaty region requires the introduction of effective quality management systems based on international GMP standards. This is due to the need to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medicines, as well as Kazakhstan's integration into the regulatory space of the EAEU. A Zhamasheva E Serikbayeva K Zhakipbekov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 205 206 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138345 The modern pharmaceutical industry is undergoing profound transformation. The digitalization of production and management processes, the introduction of artificial intelligence, increased competition in the global market, and the development of biotechnology and personalized medicine require specialists to possess not only professional pharmaceutical knowledge but also a comprehensive set of managerial, strategic, analytical, and communication skills. M Bubeshova K Shertaeva G Umurzakhova S Seydalieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 207 207 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138346 Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, including in the former Soviet Union. S Dzhabarkulova K Shertaeva G Umurzakhova S Seydaliнeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 208 208 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138347 According to the 2022 statistics of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Oncology and Radiology , ovarian cancer ranks 7th in the structure of total cancer in the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the incidence of ovarian cancer is 2.9 per 100,000 population. Among the female population of the country, ovarian cancer ranks 3rd after breast cancer and cervical cancer, and is 5.8 per 100,000 female population. In 2022, 1,033 patients with ovarian cancer were diagnosed for the first time. I Musakhodjaeva U Usmanov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 209 209 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138348 Herbal preparations are in high demand due to their safety and biological activity. Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is a promising source of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds, making it an attractive candidate for phytogel development. A Baurzhanova M Tleubaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 210 210 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138349 Inflammatory processes represent one of the primary pathogenetic factors in the development of numerous diseases N Azimova E Nomozova Kh Yunusova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 211 212 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138350 Transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS) represent one of the most promising directions in the development of dosage forms, as they enable controlled delivery of active substances while bypassing the gastrointestinal tract and reducing the risk of adverse effects. A Sadvakas M Zhandabayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 213 214 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138351 the strategic importance of the development of the active pharmaceutical substances (API) market for the sustainability of Russian healthcare and reducing import dependence in the context of global economic and geopolitical challenges A Smirnov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 215 216 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138353 In the context of globalisation and the tightening of technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union TR 009/2011, it is important to analyse the market structure, consumer preferences and the potential for localising the production of cosmetic products. Zh Turuspayeva G Zhumashova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 217 217 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138354 The sustainable development of the pharmaceutical sector plays a decisive role in ensuring public health. M Igamnazarova G Azlyarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 218 219 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138355 community-acquired pneumonia (VP) retains a leading position in the structure of infectious morbidity, with an annual incidence of 5-20 cases per 1,000 population. B Kulmamatova N Suyunov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 220 220 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138356 At present, the prevalence of obstetric and gynecological diseases is increasing worldwide, which makes this issue one of the most urgent problems in the global healthcare system. G Kozokboeva N Rajabova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 221 222 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138357 human resources support for the pharmaceutical industry is one of the key factors in its sustainable development and in improving the quality of healthcare services for the population G Azlyarova S Juraeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 223 223 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138358 The sustainable development of the pharmaceutical sector plays a crucial role in ensuring public health. M Igamnazarova G Azlyarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 224 225 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138359 Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. - Uchkarraurug‘ turkumiga mansub oʻsimlik turlari sharq tabobatida keng qoʻllaniladi va tarkibi biologik faol moddalarga boyligi bilan ajralib turadi. Mazkur turkum Asteraceae oilasiga mansub va yer yuzida taxminan 40 ga yaqin turi tarqalgan Sh Rahimberdiyeva B Oxundedayev A Nigmatullayev S Nishanbayev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 227 228 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138360 Senna angustifolia Vahl. (syn. Cassia angustifolia Vahl), from the Fabaceae family, is a valuable medicinal plant that grows in the desert regions of Sudan, Saudi Arabia, and Somalia S Shomuratova N Yuldasheva S Gusakova R Muradov S Nishanbaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 229 230 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138361 Medicinal plants contain a complex of chemical compounds that have a diverse and multifaceted effect on the human body. R Abdullaeva N Farmanova X Abdullaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 231 232 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138362 it is well known that vitamins play a role in energy metabolism, the biosynthesis of amino acids and fatty acids, photorepression processes, blood coagulation, calcium absorption, and more. M Abduganieva Sh Xalilova F Urmanova G Sayakova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 233 234 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138363 The study of medicinal products containing psychotropic substances should be carried out using a simple, accessible, and rapid method - thin-layer chromatography. M Abdullayeva N Olimov Z Sidametova M Shermatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 235 236 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138364 Venoz etishmovchiligi — qon tomir tizimining eng keng tarqalgan kasalliklaridan biridir. G Umarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 237 237 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138365 Automation of quality control in laboratories is becoming an integral part of the production process. On the one hand, it increases the efficiency, accuracy, and speed of laboratory analysis. On the other hand, the implementation of automated systems faces a number of challenges that require a professional approach. H Adamenka Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 238 238 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138366 Today, viscosity measuring instruments are widely used in the oil industry, fuel industry, medicine, cosmetology, and other important industries for assessing product quality and safety indicators and controlling technological processes in production conditions. Kh Alikulova F Jurayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 239 240 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138367 Nonea pulla L. is one of the promising medicinal plants, containing tannins, coumarins, organic acids, anthocyanins, vitamin A, ascorbic acid, amino acids, polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and microelements, but this plant has not been sufficiently studied. L Bozorova Sh Khalilova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 241 242 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138368 According to the data reported in the literature, the raw material of lophanthus anisatus (Benth.) exhibits immunomodulatory activity and contributes to faster recovery from complications of pneumonia, bronchitis, and bronchial asthma. D Ibragimova N Farmanova S Ibragimova D Jumaqulova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 243 244 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138369 The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 29, 2025 No. PF-13 “On additional measures for the accelerated development of the pharmaceutical industry” sets out priority tasks such as the development of the biologically active additives industry in order to rapidly develop the pharmaceutical industry, provide the population with medicines of guaranteed quality, safety and effectiveness, localize production, organize medicinal plant plantations to form raw material bases for industry enterprises, and launch projects for the processing of medicinal plants grown on these plantations by the end of 2026. A Ganiev N Gulomjonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 245 246 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138370 O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 29 yanvar 2025 yildagi «Farmasevtika tarmog‘ini jadal rivojlantirishga oid qo‘shimcha chora-tadbirlar to‘g‘risida» gi PF-13-son Farmonida farmasevtika tarmog‘ini jadal rivojlantirish, aholini sifatli, xavfsizligi va samaradorligi kafolatlangan dori vositalari bilan ta'minlash maqsadida biologik faol qo‘shimchalar sanoatini rivojlantirish, ishlab chiqarishni mahalliylashtirish, soha korxonalariga xom ashyo bazalarini shakllantirishda dorivor o‘simliklar plantasiyalarini tashkil etish va 2026 yil yakuniga qadar ushbu plantasiyalarda yetishtirilgan dorivor o‘simliklarni qayta ishlash loyihalari ishga tushirilishi kabi ustuvor vazifalar belgilab berilgan. A Ganiev N Gulomjonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 247 248 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138371 Within the flora of Uzbekistan, many wild-growing plants remain insufficiently and unevenly studied Kh Komilov M Ikramova M Mukhitdinova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 249 250 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138372 For the test solution, 1.0 g of the powdered sample was dissolved in 10 ml of a methanol–water (70:30) mixture and filtered. Depending on the active components of the plant, different mobile-phase compositions were selected to separate various active substances. N Karayeva Z Turdiyeva N Abdullajonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 251 252 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138374 Coumarin compounds are derivatives of cis-ortho-hydroxycinnamic acids. They are known for their biological activities, particularly their anticoagulant effects, while furocoumarins act as photosensitizers, i.e., they increase skin sensitivity to UV radiation (applied in the treatment of vitiligo). From this perspective, the search for coumarin-containing plants, isolation of their bioactive compounds, identification of their chemical structures, and study of their pharmacological activity are highly relevant. Kh Komilov M Ikramova M Mukhitdinova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 253 254 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138375 The traditional use of herbal medicines dates back to long-established historical traditions. Official medicine, based on the experience of folk medicine, confirmed, substantiated, selected, and systematized the most valuable and theoretically understandable information in practice and modern science. N Olimov Z Sidametova B Nabiev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 255 255 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138376 The development of novel antibacterial agents represents a promising direction in modern medicine. The demand for such drugs is continuously increasing due to the growing bacterial resistance to existing antimicrobial agents. R Kravchenko S Rzheuski Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 256 256 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138377 Plant polysaccharides are multifunctional biopolymers with a wide range of pharmacological activities. L Mahmudova R Khusainova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 257 258 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138378 An analysis of the pricing and assortment policy in the market of antianemic drugs has shown that it is necessary to take measures to develop and introduce into production domestic substances and dosage forms,as well as diversification of regional local production through the development of product varieties and the introduction of import-substituting products. B Mukhamedova M Sagatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 259 260 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138379 Currently, liver and gallbladder diseases are widespread among the population, often resulting from irregular eating habits, excessive consumption of fatty products, physical inactivity, and the stagnation of bile M Malikova M Alihodjaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 261 262 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138380 this work is aimed at studying the main active ingredients of basil leaves, which have anti-inflammatory, choleretic, antiseptic effects. M Xolmatova D Pulatova F Urmanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 263 263 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138381 The aim of the study is to determine the micro- and macronutrient composition of toothpastes from various price categories using atomic emission spectral analysis to assess their safety and effectiveness. M Radin M Radin S Barmashov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 264 264 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138382 It should be noted that enzymes have reciprocal and opposite processes, which disrupts the stability of substances in combination with the second component. G Tillaeva N Abduvositova U Tillaeva Z Rakhmanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 265 266 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138383 Sulfonamides are a group of compounds with antibacterial activity that have been widely used in medicine since the early 20th century. These substances exert a bacteriostatic effect by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of microbial cells. The mechanism of action of sulfonamides is based on the disruption of the biosynthesis of essential metabolites in bacteria, such as folic acid and dihydrofolate. N Saidkarimova A Yunuskhodjayev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 267 268 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138384 Achillea millefolium L. is a perennial halotolerant species widely distributed across Central Asia, the European part of the Russian Federation and Siberia, the Caucasus, Western Europe and other regions. Z Samandarova N Yuldasheva S Gusakova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 269 270 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138385 Artemisia juncea Kar. et Kir. (rush-like wormwood, family Asteraceae) is a perennial herbaceous halophytic plant growing on moderately saline soils and is one of the most widespread Artemisia species in the flora of Uzbekistan. A. juncea is widely used in folk and traditional medicine. Z Samandarova N Yuldasheva S Gusakova S Nishanbayev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 271 272 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138386 Diclofenac sodium and diclofenac potassium salts to inflammation against, pain leaver and antipyretic features because of medicine in practice wide applicable drugs to the point They are arthritis, rheumatism, neuralgia, muscles and in the joints the pains in reduction primary from tools is considered. M Shodmonova F Rasulov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 273 273 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138387 Flavonoids, being an important group of plant secondary metabolites, play a key role in the physiological functioning of plants and have a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and cardioprotective effects. Horsetail (Equisetum arvense) is one of the plants traditionally used in folk medicine, known for its medicinal properties due, among other things, to the presence of flavonoids G Hasanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 274 274 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138388 Elaeagnus angustifolia, also known as jida, is a species of oleaster found in Uzbekistan. Its leaves, seeds, and flowers, along with its fruits, contain a complex of biologically active substances. G Hasanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 275 276 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138389 In this article, I will provide you with information about citrus fruits that we all love to eat, which are widely distributed worldwide and rich in vitamins beneficial for our body. To discuss the nutritional and therapeutic-prophylactic properties of lemons, a lot of information about its chemical composition has been collected in the literature. S Khudayarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 277 277 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138390 Cancer is one of the fastest-growing diseases and ranks second worldwide after cardiovascular diseases in terms of mortality. R Tuymurodova B Islomov R Saidov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 278 278 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138391 Salvia L. (sage) is one of the largest genera of the Lamiaceae family. Plants of this genus have long been used in folk and traditional medicine in various countries to relieve pain, protect against oxidative stress, free radical damage, angiogenesis, inflammation, as well as bacterial and viral infections. N Eshnazarova D Pulatova F Urmanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 279 280 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138392 So’nggi yillarda yosh bolalarda, ayniqsa xomilador ayollarda, organizmda temir moddasi yetishmasligi natijasida kamqonlik kasalligi ko’payib bormoqda. Bu kasalliklarda xozirgi kunda temir (II) tuzlari qo’shilgan xar xil nomlardagi dori vositalari mavjud bo’lib, bemorlar tomonidan qabul qilinib kelinmoqda. A Saidvaliev M Mirzaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 281 282 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138393 Herbal preparations are medicinal products based on plant components such as herbs, flowers, roots, and fruits. They possess various therapeutic and restorative properties and are often used as preventive remedies. B Khasanova N Olimov M Abdullaeva Z Sidametova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 283 283 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138394 Создание высокоэффективных многокомпонентных лекарств является одной из основных практических задач современной фармации, поэтому важна проблема контроля, связанная с точной оценкой качественного и количественного состава препаратов. Г Холтураева Х Ганиева К Убайдуллаев Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 284 285 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138395 Sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnóides) is a valuable source of biologically active substances. While the fruit is well-studied, the leaves remain less well-researched, although they contain a complex of vitamins and antioxidants. Determination of their vitamin composition is important for use in the pharmaceutical and food industries, as well as for the prevention of hypovitaminosis. K Raimova N Abdullajanova R Makhmudov R Rakhimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 286 287 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138397 Biofaol dorivor moddalarni o‘simliklardan ajratib olish , biofaol bo‘lgan moddalarni xar tomonlama kimyoviy , fizik-kimyoviy tahlil usullarini ishlab chiqish va dori vositasini yaratish , uni standartlash, sifatini belgilash davr talabi bo‘lib qoldi. Dori vositalarini tahlil qilib, samaradorligini fizik-kimyoviy usullar yordamida tadqiqot usullaridan foydalangan xolda sifatini belgilash talab etilmoqda. U Anarmetova A Saidvaliyev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 288 289 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138398 Oʻzbekiston hududlarida keng tarqalib oʻsadigan yantoq (верблюжья колючка) oʻsimligini hom ashyosidan suv yordamida quruq ekstrakt olish. Tadqiqot maqsadi: Ishni maqsadi Toshkent viloyati, Bo‘stonliq rayonida o‘stirilgan yantoq (Alhagi pseudalhagi - Верблюжья колючка) oʻsimligining er ustki qismidan suv yordamida quruq ekstrakt olib yig’indini foiz miqdorini aniqlash N Azlarova A Saidvaliev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 290 291 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138399 Доривор ўсимликлар асосида олинган сафро хайдовчи воситаларга клиник амалиётида талаб катта, негаки уларни таъсири синтетик дори воситаларга нисбатан юмшоқроқ ва таъсири давомийлироқ. Ўсиликлардан олинадиган дори воситаларини сафро хайдовчи хусусиятини ошириш ва ёндош касалликларни даволаш мақсадида ҳар–ҳил ўсимликлардан турли йиғмалар фойдаланилади. Х. Олимов Т Миррахимова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 292 293 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138400 Желчегонные средства, нормализуя отток желчи эффективно используются при лечении патологии печени и желчного пузыря Х Олимов А Исмoилов Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 294 295 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138401 Xalq tabobatida Tagetes patula L. o‘simligining to‘pgullaridan olinadigan damlamalar va qaynatmalardan keng foydalanadi. O‘simlik tarkibining biologik moddalar bilan boyliligi unga yallig‘lanishga qarshi, antibakterial, antioksidant, peshob haydovchi, tinchlantiruvchi, gastroprotektor xususiyatlar beradi. Tagetes patula L. o‘simligidan tayyorlangan preparatlarni tibbiyot amaliyotiga joriy etish uchun ushbu o‘simlig xomashyosining kimyoviy tarkibini yanada chuqurroq o‘rganish maqsadida eruvchan vitaminlar tadqiq etildi. N Akramova G Ismoilova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 296 297 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138402 High drug quality is one of the most important criteria for producing a highly effective and safe medication. In modern medicine, medications containing amino acids are widely used for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of many diseases. Compared to more complex methods, titration offers a good price-performance ratio, being a more accessible method of quantitative analysis. This method allows for the determination of substance content with high accuracy, down to hundredths of a milligram. Compared to more complex methods, titration offers a good price-performance ratio, being a more accessible method of quantitative analysis. Therefore, the use of titration remains relevant and in demand today. S Ulugbekov A Tashpulatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 298 298 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138403 Юқори самарали кўп компонентли дори воситаларини ишлаб чиқиш замонавий фармациянинг асосий амалий вазифаларидан бирига кириб, уларнинг сифат ва миқдорий таркибини аниқ учун муқобил таҳлил усулларини ишлаб чиқиш муҳим аҳамиятга эга. Турли ҳил табиатдаги моддаларни ўз ичига олган кўп компонентли дори моддаларни таҳлил қилиш одатда маълум қийинчиликлар билан боғлиқ Н Юнусхожиева Р Хусаинова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 299 300 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138404 In pharmaceutical technology, most substances used in the development of solid dosage forms have a powdery nature. During the technological processing of such active substances, their physicochemical and technological properties are taken into account. According to biopharmaceutical theory, the quality indicators and bioavailability of finished dosage forms largely depend on the physicochemical and technological parameters of the medicinal substances, primarily on the crystalline modifications of the particles. A Khujimov N Olimov Sh Usubbaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 301 302 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138405 For the treatment and timely prevention of diseases, medicinal plants containing bioactive substances are used to obtain pure preparations. Akmella oleraceae is one of the medicinal plants containing bioactive substances. Akmella oleraceae (L.) R.K.Jansen is an annual herb belonging to the Asteraceae family. M Yulchiyeva F Dusmuratova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 303 304 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138406 Herbal preparations remain an important direction in pharmaceutical science due to their wide pharmacological effects and relatively low toxicity. 'Extradent' is a dry extract consisting of Calendula officinalis, Urtica dioica, Capsella bursa-pastoris, and Polygonum hydropiper. These plants are known to contain flavonoids, carotenoids, tannins, amino acids, and mineral elements that contribute to the therapeutic properties of the preparation. Sh Yuldasheva D Akhmadjonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 305 305 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138407 Stability is one of the key criteria of the quality of medicinal products, determining their effectiveness, safety, and shelf life. It is especially critical to take this parameter into account in the development and production of infusion solutions, since they are administered directly into the systemic bloodstream, bypassing the protective barriers of the body. This means that any changes in the composition or properties of such solutions can immediately affect the patient’s condition. In this regard, infusion preparations must have a high degree of physicochemical stability and strictly comply with a number of parameters close to physiological ones: osmolarity, pH level, transparency, viscosity, and sterility. M Zhuraeva Sh Aglokhodjayeva A Tashpulatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 306 307 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138408 Dorixona ukropi (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) soyabonguldoshlar oilasiga mansub o’simlik bo’lib, O’zbekiston Respublikasi ko’pgina viloyatlarida yetishtiriladi. Mevasi efir moyiga boy bo’lib, farmatsevtikada keng qo’llaniladi. Adabiyotlar manbaalarini o’rganish natijasi shuni ko’rsatdiki, ushbu o’simlik mevasi biologik faol moddalari O’zbekistonda kam o’rganilgan. U Umarov A Xursandov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 308 309 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138409 Microelements are essential for living organisms, and numerous studies have shown that minerals play a major role in human life. This is because without them, vital processes cannot proceed properly. They also ensure the formation of the chemical structure of all human tissues, including muscle tissue. It is known that plant macro- and microelements are better absorbed by the human body. Unlike organic compounds in the human body, they are not synthesized, but are obtained only through food. Therefore, a systematic study of the mineral composition of medicinal plants and preparations obtained from them is of great importance in pharmacy. Tribulus terrestris is a promising plant with sufficient reserves and is widely distributed in Uzbekistan. It is being studied for the purpose of obtaining medicines and biologically active additives. In the process of analysis, it is important to study the elemental composition of the dry extract obtained for the purpose of developing a medicine. G Umarova Kh Komilov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 310 311 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138410 Derivatives of oxazole and 2-aminothiobenzoxazole are recognized as substances of medical importance. It is known that oxazole derivatives are substances with various pharmacological effects. For example, it is used as a remedy against cancer, microbes, inflammation, herbicide, antibacterial, antiviral, antihistamine, antioxidant, estrogen receptor inhibitor, and hepatitis C virus. Compounds of 2-aminothiobenzoxazole also have luminescent properties. S Sadullaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 312 313 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138411 Last in years Uzbekistan In the Republic medicinal plants cultivation, reproduction work and them pharmaceutical to practice current to grow issues state on a scale current direction as confession Our Republic Presidential Decree No. PQ-4901 of November 26, 2020 “On measures to expand the scope of scientific research on the cultivation and processing of medicinal plants, and the development of their seed production” in the decision new, promising medicinal plants scientific basically study, their raw material standardization and pharmacopoeia requirements suitable quality standards working exit task This is fixed. plant our country in the flora natural accordingly wide not distributed and pharmacognostic features enough unexplored because of it scientific in terms of research to do, morphological, anatomical and physicochemical indicators determination and medicinal raw material as standardization criteria working exit pharmaceutical working release, local medicinal drugs assortment in expansion current importance profession will reach. M Madaminova M Matazimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 314 315 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138412 According to the definition by the World Health Organization (WHO), probiotics are viable microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. In 2013, the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics refined this definition, stating that the term «probiotic» may only be applied to preparations that meet the following requirements: accurate information on the microorganisms present, including their strains, is provided; a sufficient number of viable bacteria is maintained until the end of the shelf life; and studies confirming the safety and efficacy of the introduced strains are available. Thus, fermented food products and fecal transplants that do not specify species and strain composition are not considered probiotics. Experimental studies and numerous clinical observations have shown that different probiotic strains are necessary for the correction of intestinal symptoms. L Kalmakhanova A Dzhumagaziyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 316 316 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138413 Common self-heal (Prunella vulgaris L.) is a promising medicinal plant used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antihistamine, antibacterial, and antifungal agent. In light of the growing interest in herbal preparations, the study of morphological characteristics of the above ground parts of this species growing in the Republic of Uzbekistan is of particular importance. D Nurullaeva N Farmanova M Khalilullaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 317 317 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138415 The primary source for the search of new medicinal plants is the arsenal of traditional medicine. Various species of the genus Nepeta (family Lamiaceae) are used in folk medicine to strengthen and stabilize the immune system, enhance the overall tone of the body, and reduce the impact of adverse environmental factors on human health. A Kuandyk K Orynbasarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 318 318 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138416 Pyrimidine derivatives are among the most important compounds in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutics [1], possessing a wide range of biological activities, including antidiabetic [2], anti inflammatory [3], anticancer [4], antibacterial [5], antihypertensive, as well as antifungal and antitubercular properties G Salieva S Otajonov A Karimov M Turlibekov T Kholiqov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 319 319 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138417 A new organic reagent, H-resorcinol, was employed as a highly sensitive, selective, and rapid-acting reagent for the determination of silver (I) ions. The interaction of silver (I) with H resorcinol occurs through the formation of a stable coordination bond. At pH = 10, an ammonia buffer solution was used as a background electrolyte, resulting in the formation of a 1:1 (silver:H-resorcinol) molar ratio complex. This approach is of particular importance, as the reliable and selective determination of trace silver ions holds significant analytical value in environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical analysis, and industrial quality control, where the accurate detection of even very low concentrations of silver is essential. F Tojiboyeva K Chulpanov Z Smanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 320 321 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138419 Currently, the Hirshfeld surface analysis method is widely used to identify intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure of compounds and to study their impact on the stability of the crystal lattice. The theoretical data obtained through this method are yielding good results in studying the practical properties of crystals. Therefore, investigating the structure of this complex using this method is one of the urgent scientific issues of the research. G Uzakbergenova D Dauletbaeva B Torambetov Sh Kadirova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 322 323 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138420 The flora of Uzbekistan is rich and diverse, containing numerous rare and endemic plant species. Among them, Red-soil Astragalus (Astragalus terrae rubrae Butkov) is a unique endemic species listed in the “Red Book of Uzbekistan.” This plant is distinguished by its high content of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, and organic acids. These components exhibit cardioprotective, immunostimulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities, making the species a valuable resource for pharmaceutical applications. However, the progressive reduction of its natural populations highlights the necessity of employing in vitro biotechnological approaches for its conservation and large-scale propagation N Khoshimova X Ubaydullayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 324 324 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138421 Hirschfeld surface analysis is a method that enables a more analytical study of intermolecular interactions. This analytical technique allows for the investigation and visualization of the size, shape, quality, and quantity of intermolecular contact surfaces in molecular crystals. G Kurbanbaeva D Raxmonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 325 326 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138422 Licorice (Glycyrrhiza spp.) is a genus of perennial legumes whose roots are widely used in traditional medicine as an expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral agent. In Kazakhstan, licorice is found in the steppes and along moist river floodplains, especially in the southern regions (Turkestan, Zhambyl, and Almaty regions). In recent years, there has been intensive harvesting of wild-growing stocks, which puts the species at risk in some areas. Objective: To characterize the phytochemical profile of licorice roots collected in the southern regions of Kazakhstan and to assess the potential of licorice for the phytomelioration of saline soils. B Murzabaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 327 327 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138467 Chronic deficiency of the trace element zinc is known to lead to immunodeficiency. Zinc is an effective immunostimulant. Zinc is present in all internal organs, tissues, fluids, and almost 100% of the body's enzymatic systems. Zinc acts as a "secondary mediator" of immune cells and significantly shortens the duration of inflammation. When a person catches a cold, a large amount of zinc is consumed in the first few hours, and the need for it increases 6-8 times. Zinc has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Zinc reduces susceptibility to acute lower respiratory tract infections. Zinc ions stimulate the production of endogenous α- and γ-interferons, which also exert antiviral activity, including against COVID-19. A Gazieva M Fathullaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 328 329 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138468 Nitric oxide (NO) donors are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary hypertension, and are also actively studied in the treatment of neurodegenerative pathologies. Such drugs as Nitroglycerin, Molsidomine and Nicorandil are capable of releasing nitric oxide. In the context of the growing number of chronic diseases and an aging population, there is a growing need for effective and safe means regulating the bioavailability of NO. In addition, the improvement of synthesis methods makes it possible to obtain nitrogen donors with a given structure that ensures controlled release of NO under physiological conditions of the body. For these reasons, the development of new methods for the synthesis of nitrogen donors with controlled release and high biocompatibility is becoming a particularly interesting task. F Abduhomidova A Khusenov G Rakhmanberdiev K Ibragimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 330 331 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138469 The search for herbal remedies that increase the liver’s resistance to the harmful effects of toxins and stimulate detoxification processes is relevant . A Serikbaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 332 332 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138472 In recent decades, researchers have paid special attention to natural polymers as a basis for creating biocompatible materials that are widely used in medicine, pharmaceuticals, food and cosmetics industries. One of these promising polysaccharides is inulin, a plant heteropolysaccharide consisting mainly of fructose residues. Inulin has a number of valuable properties: it is non-toxic, resistant to human digestive enzymes and can be chemically modified, which makes it attractive for obtaining new functional materials. Due to its bioavailability and ability to structural modification, inulin opens up wide opportunities for creating materials with adjustable properties. For example, various polymer bases with specified physicochemical and biological properties can be created on the basis of inulin. In turn, polymer bases can find application as drug carriers, as well as as components of hydrogel systems and composite materials. O Abdullaev A Khusenov G Rakhmanberdiev K Ibragimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 333 333 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138473 In recent years, great attention has been paid to the development of medicinal plants in the country at the state level. In this regard, a number of resolutions and decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in particular, the Decree No. PF-139 dated May 20, 2022 "On measures to create an added value chain through the effective use of the raw material base of medicinal plants, support for processing", stipulates that all districts of the Republic should specialize in the cultivation of anise, saffron, lovage, lavender, stevia, chamomile, marigold, lovage, yarrow, yarrow, yarrow, yarrow, peppermint and other medicinal plants, and in this regard, from 2022 to 2026, new medicinal plant plantations will be established on an area of 36,000 hectares.In 2017, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PF-5032 "On the establishment of the free economic zones "Nukus-Farm", "Zomin-Farm", "Kosonsoy-Farm", "Syrdaryo-Farm", "Boysun Farm", "Bostonliq-Farm", "Parkent-Farm" also provided for the establishment of the cultivation of medicinal plants in these territories. In order to ensure the implementation of this DecreeNova Pharm JV has acquired the Boysun-farm land plot for the cultivation of various medicinal plants, in particular turmeric and fenugreek plants imported from India, which are used as raw materials for Ayurvedic medicines. X Abdumajidov U Usmanov N Abdurakhmonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 334 335 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138474 In this study, the synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA) is reported. Currently, in addition to the traditional (oral and injection) methods of drug delivery to the body, delivery using some chemical means (micelles, liposomes, etc.) is more preferred by researchers. When using these tools, the advantages of such substances are that they can reduce the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, reduce the amount of administered drugs, target delivery, and other features. In our studies, the nanopolymers used for drug delivery encountered some barriers in crossing the cornea of the skin. When HA nanoparticles were used they provided mechanical strength due to their crystalline structure. A hydrothermal synthesis method was used to synthesize HA nanoparticles. J Abdusalamov M Suyundikov Sh Azizov M Sharipov A Turayev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 336 337 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138475 The Tripolium plant (especially species such as Tripolium vulgare and Tripolium pannonicum) grows wild in Uzbekistan, but their morphological and chemical characteristics have not been sufficiently studied. For the Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the scientific study of new medicinal plants and the development of quality standards serve as an important source for the production of medicinal preparations. Z Abduxamidova M Matazimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 338 339 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138476 Currently, the drugs used in medicine are mainly synthetic drugs, their therapeutic effect is effective and fast, but they have some harmful effects. Therefore, a lot of work is being done in the world to create drugs from relatively harmless plant raw materials. In Uzbekistan, providing our people with harmless, high-quality, affordable drugs remains one of the important tasks of our state policy. A Akhmedov N Mamadalieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 340 341 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138477 Modern polymer chemistry is actively evolving toward the development of functionalized biopolymers with tailored physicochemical and biomedical properties. Chitosan, a derivative of chitin, is a polymer containing reactive amino groups, which makes it a promising raw material for the design of novel biologically active macromolecular systems. One of the key requirements for chitosan derivatives is their solubility under neutral or mildly alkaline conditions. However, the limited solubility of native chitosan significantly restricts its practical applications. Therefore, the development of highly charged chitosan derivatives remains a relevant and promising research direction. In this context, the introduction of cationic groups into the chitosan backbone can enhance not only its solubility at neutral or slightly alkaline pH values but also its inherent biological activity. O Akhmedov J Abdurakhmanov Sh Shomurotov A Turaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 342 343 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138478 Handelia trichophylla is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, widespread in Central Asia. The plant contains a rich complex of biologically active substances: essential oils, sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, polysaccharides, tannins, amino acids, choline, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, organic acids, and sugars. Studying the carbohydrate complex of this species is of interest for the search for new sources of natural polysaccharides with potential biological activity. Sh Ashirbaeva F Kodiralieva R Rakhmanberdyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 344 345 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138479 In folk medicine, infusions and decoctions obtained from the inflorescences of Tagetes patula L. are widely used. The richness of the plant's composition with biological substances gives it anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, diuretic, sedative, and gastroprotective properties. Soluble vitamins were studied for a deeper study of the chemical composition of the raw material of the plant Tagetes patula L. for the introduction of preparations made from it into medical practice. N Akramova G Ismoilova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 346 347 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138480 A decoction of the above-ground part of Perovskia scrophulariifolia Bunge (family Lamiacaeae) is used in folk medicine for scabies in humans and animals, as well as for healing sunburn and skin diseases. Dried flowers of the plant are brewed and consumed as tea to relieve gastrointestinal diseases and abdominal pain. In some countries of the Asian region, P. scrophulariifоlia is used to remove intestinal parasites from the body. The above-ground part of P. scrophulariifolia contains essential oil, abietane diterpenoids, flavonoid diosmetin, phenylpropanoids, anthocyanins, nitrogenous compounds, eugenol glycosides, benzyl alcohol, salidroside and terpenoids. The chemical composition of the roots of P.scrophulariifolia has not been studied. S Atqiyaeva B Okhundedaev E Botirov S Sasmakov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 348 349 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138481 Galactomannan is a polysaccharide mainly composed of D-mannose and D-galactose, linked by α-1,4 and -1,6 glycosidic bonds. These connections define the structure of the polysaccharide and influence its physicochemical properties. The structure can vary, with different branching from galactose residues affecting its overall characteristics. Dialdehyde derivatives of galactomannan are novel compounds formed through oxidation or chemical modification. These derivatives enhance the polymer's rigidity, solubility, and mechanical strength. They can also react with primary amino groups, forming imino (azomethine) bonds and Schiff bases, which are significant in various applications. This study explores the production of low molecular weight galactomannan dialdehyde derivatives, their reaction conditions, and their physicochemical properties. D Amonova A Boydedaev M Karimov M Kalonova B Muhitdinov A Turaev Y Huang H Wang Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 350 351 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138486 Quince (Cydonia oblonga) is a valuable source of vitamins, micro- and macroelements, as well as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The biologically active substances of quince exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and tonic effects, making it a promising object of phytochemical research. Studying the chemical composition of quince fruits is relevant for substantiating their application in medicine, dietology, and the food industry. Azhibay A U Umirzakova B Torlanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 352 352 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138487 In recent years, the isolation of bioactive compounds from natural sources and the evaluation of their pharmaceutical potential have become important directions of scientific research. In particular, plants of the genus Allium have long been used in traditional medicine. Their chemical composition has been shown to include flavonoids, phenolic acids, vitamins, and other biologically active compounds. In this context, a comprehensive chemical analysis of Allium motor and the assessment of its pharmaceutical and bioactive properties represent a relevant task. S Yuldoshev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 353 353 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138488 Green wormwood herb (Artemisia viridis Willd.) is of considerable interest in pharmaceutical practice due to its pronounced biological properties: anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and choleretic. One of the key stages of standardization is the selection of the optimal extraction method that ensures a high yield of biologically active substances while maintaining their stability. In this regard, the study and comparative evaluation of various extraction methods is a relevant task. This study provides a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various methods for extracting flavonoids from green wormwood herb collected in the highlands of Kyrgyzstan. The study included ultrasonic extraction and Sokslet extraction. Quantitative determination of the total flavonoid content in green wormwood herb was performed on a Shimadzu spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 410 nm. Using quercetin as a standard, in accordance with the methodology recommended by GF RF XV. B Kairova A Muratalieva N Rud Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 354 354 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138491 In the official medicine of the CIS countries, a large amount of medicinal plant raw materials is widely used, which is regulated by regulatory documentation on quality. The flora of Kyrgyzstan includes 4,100 species of higher plants, of which more than 200 species are medicinal plants. Walnut (Juglans regia L.), which grows in the unique natural conditions of the Arslanbob forest area of Kyrgyzstan, is a promising source of medicinal plant raw materials. Walnut leaves are widely used in folk medicine due to their antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and restorative properties. The relevance of studying walnut as a medicinal plant raw material is due to its wide application in folk medicine and its high potential for use in official pharmacotherapy. The unique natural growing conditions, rich chemical composition and pronounced medicinal properties make walnut leaves a promising object for scientific research. However, there is no pharmacopoeia article for this raw material. In this regard, an important area is the study of numerical indicators of raw materials, which will become the basis for the development of regulatory documentation. A Berdalieva N Rud D Zhakypova A Muratalieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 355 355 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138492 monophytopreparations, consisting of a single medicinal plant, demonstrate lower efficacy compared to herbal mixtures that combine several components. This treatment approach, with its broader spectrum of action, allows physicians to offer patients a more comprehensive therapeutic effect. G Rakhmanova K Orynbasarova A Rybakova S Mamyrova U Kemelbekov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 356 357 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138493 Исследование лекарственных препаратов, содержащих психотропные вещества, целесообразно проводить с помощью простого, доступного и экспрессного метода - тонкослойной хроматографии (ТСХ). Преимущества метода - быстрота разделения, высокая разрешающая способность, чувствительность и простота подготовки сорбента, являются основными причинами широкого использования его при экспертном исследовании многих лекарственных препаратов и сложных лекарственных смесей. Метод ТСХ имеет значительные преимущества перед химическими методами, особенно при анализе многокомпонентных лекарственных смесей он позволяет разделять и идентифицировать отдельные составные части, а также близкие по химической структуре и свойствам вещества. М Абдуллаева Н Олимов З Сидаметова М Шерматова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 358 359 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138494 Биологически активные добавки (БАД) – это вещества, активирующие реакции саморегуляции организма, восстанавливающие естественный динамический баланс и открывающие путь к исцелению. В США их употребляет 80% населения, а в Европе - более 50%. БАД – это натуральные или аналогичные биологически активные вещества, предназначенные для непосредственного приема внутрь в форме порошка, таблеток, капсул, сиропов, экстрактов, настоек, концентратов и т.п. М Абдуллаева Н Олимов З Сидаметова Ш Таджиева Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 360 361 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138495 So‘nggi yillarda biologik faol qo‘shimchalar va vitamin-mineral komplekslarga bo‘lgan talab ortib bormoqda. Aholining turmush tarzi, ekologik omillar hamda ovqatlanishdagi nomutanosibliklar organizmda vitaminlar, xususan, B guruhi vitaminlari yetishmovchiligi xavfini oshirmoqda. Vitamin B2 (riboflavin), B3 (nikotinamid) va B6 (piridoksin) moddalar almashinuvi, asab tizimi faoliyati va immun tizimni mustahkamlashda muhim ahamiyatga ega. Shu bois, “Компливит актив” kabi biologik faol moddalar saqlagan kompleks preparatlardagi vitaminlar miqdorini aniq belgilash ularning sifatini nazorat qilish, xavfsizligi va samaradorligini ta’minlashda dolzarbdir. Farmakopeya talablari va xalqaro standartlarga muvofiq holda miqdoriy tahlil metodlarini ishlab chiqish va amalda qo‘llash zamonaviy farmatsevtik tahlilning muhim vazifalaridan biri hisoblanadi. D Sobirjonov Sh Shamsiev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 362 362 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138496 A powerful set of methods for predicting the biological activity of chemical compounds on a computer is methods based on Bayesian probability. The Pass software package is a program capable of predicting the biological activity spectra of chemical compounds known to date. The Pass program (online) is based on the study of the biological activity of substances depending on their structure. This program contains known Pa and Pi values for the substance, these values represent the theoretical probability. That is, Pa is pharmacologically active, Pi is pharmacologically inactive. If Pa >0.71, such a molecule is considered active. The online pass program works on the principle of structural biological activity. In this case, the value of Pa determines the pharmacological activity of the substance against a certain disease, and the value of Pi determines the low pharmacological activity against this disease. O Umirzakova G Nuraliyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 363 363 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138497 The use of valerian has a long history in folk medicine. It was mentioned in written sources as early as the 2nd century as a sleep aid and sedative. Valerian preparations were recommended by Galen for insomnia, and in the 16th century, they were used to treat nervousness, palpitations, and headaches. Beginning in the mid-20th century, valerian tincture began to be used for stressful situations. K Akhmadjonov A Azamatov M Ergasheva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 364 364 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138498 Filipendulous yarrow (Achillea filipendulina Lam.) is a perennial herbaceous plant widely distributed in Central and Southwest Asia. Plants of the Achillea genus have traditionally been used in folk and modern medicine due to their high content of biologically active compounds. Of particular interest is the essential oil of A. filipendulina, which exhibits antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite the widespread use of the Achillea genus, the essential oil of A. filipendulina remains insufficiently studied, which determines the relevance of its investigation. A Akhan T Bekezhanova A Karaubaeva K Zhaparkulova E Zhaiymbaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 365 366 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138499 Modern medicine has an urgent need for environmentally friendly, biocompatible, and effective wound dressing materials. The bark of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is a promising renewable source of biologically active compounds with proven antimicrobial and wound-healing properties, which determines the relevance of its study. I Chapaksin B Chapaksina A Seytenova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 367 367 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138500 Преимущество биологически активных добавок на основе фитопрепаратов заключается в том, что они зачастую имеют комплексный состав и действуют сразу в нескольких фармакологически активных направлениях: гепатопротекторном, антиоксидантном, желчегонном, противовоспалительном и иммуномодулирующем. Среди них следует отметить биологически активную добавку «…» которые состоит из экстрактов лекарственных растений и, благодаря их синергетическому эффекту, обладает высокой эффективностью в улучшении функции печени. И Иминова Р Хусаинова М Иминова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 368 369 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138501 Bugungi kunda jigar kasalliklari dunyo miqyosida eng keng tarqalgan surunkali kasalliklardan biri hisoblanadi. O‘tkir va surunkali gepatitlar, toksik gepatozlar, alkogolli jigar zararlanishlari, steatoz va sirroz kabi holatlar nafaqat rivojlanayotgan, balki rivojlangan davlatlar sog‘liqni saqlash tizimi oldida turgan dolzarb muammolardan biri bo‘lib qolmoqda. Mahalliy xom ashyo asosida jigar kasalliklariga qarshi dori vositasini olish uchun izlanishlar olib borildi. I Iminova G Sodiqova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 370 371 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138502 Today, bone diseases are increasing due to calcium deficiency, and to prevent and eliminate this condition, eggshells are a natural source rich in calcium. They are not only a source of calcium, but also play an important role in the absorption of D3, which is obtained with solar energy, into the body. X Fayziyev Akmal Islomov M Mustafakulov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 372 373 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138503 Tamarix ramosissima is a shrub plant widely distributed in arid regions. In recent years, its chemical composition and pharmacological properties have been investigated, which opens prospects for the development of new phytopreparations. Phytochemical analysis confirms the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids and saponins in the plant, which determines its biological activity. A Daulbaev K Kozhanova G Kadyrbaeva N Rakhymbaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 374 375 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138504 Perovskia kudrjaschevii Gorschk. & Pjataeva (family Lamiacaeae) is a medicinal, essential oil, dye and honey plant. It is found in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. The chemical composition of the components of Perovskia kudrjaschevii has not been previously studied. G Ikromova E Botirov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 376 376 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138506 In recent years, the development of new, more effective drugs has become a pressing issue due to the increasing level of drug resistance. According to the World Health Organization, more than 700,000 patients die each year from antibiotic-resistant infections. Therefore, the creation of new chemical classes of drugs with a broad spectrum of action and low toxicity is one of the main priorities of the pharmaceutical industry. Y Imamova M Egamberdiyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 377 377 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138507 At present, the isolation of biologically active substances from plants, the comprehensive study of their chemical structure and properties, as well as the investigation of their biological and pharmacological characteristics, is one of the urgent tasks. Phenolic compounds, which are widespread in the plant kingdom, represent a large class of natural compounds. Phenolic compounds participate in various processes occurring in the human body and exhibit antioxidant properties; moreover, as antiradical agents, they slow down radical mechanism-based reactions that take place in the organism under the influence of external physico-chemical factors. U Yulchiyeva Sh Abdullayev N Abdulladjonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 378 379 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138517 Lipoic acid (LA) is a sulfur-containing organic compound with powerful antioxidant properties, neutralizing free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. This helps prevent diseases such as skin aging, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Lipoic acid also activates liver enzymes, which helps in detoxification, removal of toxins and heavy metals, and maintaining liver health. Due to the improvement of the body's metabolism, LA is used in medicine as a drug for the treatment of diabetes and cancer. Its antioxidant activity also helps protect cells from damage caused by oxidative stress, slowing down the aging process, improving tissue regeneration, and maintaining cellular health at the molecular level. Lipoic acid, therefore, becomes not only an important element in the therapeutic approach, but also a promising means for the prevention of many diseases associated with metabolic disorders and aging of the body F Jumabaev M Abdulloeva A Sharipov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 380 380 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138518 Efficiency: enterosorbents are substances with a high specific surface area, capable of adsorbing molecules, ions and various particles. They are used in medicine for various purposes, they have antimicrobial and detoxifying properties, for example, the ability to bind to heavy metals and toxins, and they are used in the performance of some complex tasks, such as poisoning models (food poisoning, diarrhea, allergies). Therefore, the synthesis of adsorbents and catalyst carriers, which are absolutely harmless to human health and economically inexpensive, with high adsorption properties, is considered urgent today. F Jurayeva H Alikulova G Boltayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 381 382 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138519 Currently, benzimidazole and its derivatives are the main raw materials for the development of important therapeutic agents in medicine and pharmaceuticals. For example, benzimidazole and its derivatives exhibit pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and neurotropic, psychoactive, and analgesic properties. The synthesis of drugs with high pharmaceutical properties and the creation of new generations of drugs using new benzimidazole derivatives is currently one of the most important areas of the modern pharmaceutical industry. F Khujaeva SH Allamurodova SH Daminova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 383 384 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138520 In the context of climate change and urbanization, the introduction and cultivation of ornamental and ecologically significant tree species is of particular importance. The Tien Shan spruce is a valuable species of coniferous plants that is highly decorative and resistant. The study of its seed propagation in the Turkestan region is of practical and scientific significance Y Kozhamuratov G Alpamysova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 385 385 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138524 The growing need for medicinal products prepared on the basis of plant raw materials is explained by their high content of biologically active compounds, good efficiency, safety, and a wide range of therapeutic action. Perovskia botschantzevii Kovalevsk. & Koczk (family Lamiacaeae) is a medicinal, essential oil, dye and honey plant growing on rocky slopes, pebbles, in the river valleys of Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan. S Mullabaeva F Egamova M Negmatova D Siddikov E Botirov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 386 386 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138525 Water contamination by heavy metals (Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺), metalloid ions (As(III), As(V), Cr(VI)), and persistent organic pollutants (phenolic derivatives, pharmaceutical residues, dyes) remains a major environmental concern worldwide. Conventional water treatment methods are often insufficient to achieve both high efficiency and selectivity. In this context, biopolymeric sorbents based on modified cellulose offer significant advantages due to their biocompatibility, availability, and ease of functionalization. Dialdehyde cellulose grafted with thiosemicarbazide (DAC@TCH) and its thiol-functionalized derivative (DAC@TCH–SH) are particularly promising candidates for the selective binding of toxic metal ions and organic pollutants. I Nurgaliev M Marasulov A Abilkasimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 387 388 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138526 The increase in chronic diseases, multi-organ pathology, and complications from long-term use of synthetic drugs necessitates the search for alternative sources of medicines with minimal side effects. In this context, interest in herbal medicines with comprehensive effects and good tolerability is growing. Elaeagnus angustifolia (narrow-leaved oleaster) has traditionally been used in folk medicine as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. Modern studies confirm the presence of bioactive compounds (BACs) in this plant, which can serve as the basis for the development of effective and safe pharmaceutical products, exhibiting antioxidant, analgesic, and antibacterial activities. Nurgali Rakhymbaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 389 389 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138527 Chickweed (Stellaria media L.) is a widespread annual plant in the Caryophyllaceae family, possessing a rich chemical composition. Interest in this species stems from the presence of various biologically active substances, which determine its pharmacological activity and potential for use in herbal medicine. However, despite this, there are no medications based on chickweed (Stellaria media L.). Studying its properties would expand the pharmaceutical market. B Saipiyeva G Sayakova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 390 390 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138528 In our country, the synthesis of new types of chemicals that have found their place in the world market, the creation of methods for obtaining import-substituting compounds intended for export, and their use in the pharmaceutical, chemical, energy, and construction sectors are urgent tasks, and scientific research is being conducted in this area and certain results are being achieved. M Saliyeva O Ziyadullayev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 391 392 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138529 The aim of the experiment was a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the dyes contained in selected colored confectionery products. The resulting confectionery products consisted of red, yellow, blue, and black dyes, as well as natural beetroot dye. Each product was dry-weighed on a precision analytical balance and ground into powder. The optical properties of the powder were preliminarily analyzed using an X.Rite.eye one pro instrument. The results are presented in the table. O Taniyev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 393 393 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138530 In our research, the main objective was defined as the study of the chemical components of Atraphaxis pyrifolia, a plant belonging to the Polygonaceae family. In June 2025, we initiated the qualitative and quantitative analysis of macro- and microelements in the aerial parts of Atraphaxis pyrifolia, collected in the mountainous areas of Parkent District, Tashkent Region, as part of the study of its chemical components. The analysis of the chemical composition of the studied plant provides an opportunity to draw more precise conclusions about this species. A Yulchiyeva Sh Abdullayev N Abdullajonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 394 395 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138531 One of the main tasks of the world industry is to provide the construction industry with new, high-quality products. The processing of metals, which perform an important function in the construction industry, is of great importance, that is, their production in various sizes. Therefore, it is necessary to process metals and prepare wires of various sizes from them, to study in more detail the composition of these wires and various physical and mechanical processes occurring on their surfaces, to search for opportunities for the widespread use of dry welding components used in the drawing and processing of metals. Therefore, it is important to develop effective methods for obtaining dry welding components and welding electrodes used in the drawing of metal wires based on local raw materials. R Ermatov G Doliyev R Zaripova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 396 397 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138532 Rose oil, ointments, creams, and sprays based on it are currently widely used in cosmetology and dermatology. Ibn Sina noted that the Damask rose (nasrin) is useful for cooling nerves, helping with ringing and noise in the ears, and toothache. And in Bulgaria, a medicinal product called rozanol has been developed; its active ingredient is rose oil, which has antispasmodic, choleretic, and bactericidal properties. D Ergasheva F Pulatova M Oloviddinova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 398 398 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138533 Vitamin E is a group of important natural compounds, the basis of which is tocopherols and tocotrienols. Tocopherols are used as antioxidants, the most powerful antioxidant is δ-tocopherols. They have a strong neuroprotective, antioxidant effect, and also reduce the risk of cancer. In addition, they have an antihypoxant effect, reducing the need for oxygen in cells. It protects cells from damage by free radicals, thereby slowing down the aging process. All compounds in this group are fat-soluble. G Mirzalieva F Pulatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 399 400 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138534 Glutaric acid (pentanedioic acid) is an aliphatic organic compound used as a raw material in the synthesis of anticancer drugs and antibiotics, pharmaceutical and chemical products, as well as a model compound for understanding metabolic disorders and hereditary enzyme deficiencies. Cobalt, being a component of vitamin B12, forms complexes, and its deficiency leads to anemia. Therefore, the synthesis of a complex compound involving glutaric acid, nicotinamide, and cobalt, followed by an analysis of its physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, is an important research task. M G’oyibnazarova G Pulatova M Fatxullayeva F Jumabaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 401 402 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138535 Inulin is a polysaccharide extracted from the vegetative mass and roots of plants (chicory, elecampane, dandelion, etc.) and used as a dietary supplement, improving the nutritional properties of foods, as a sweetener for patients with 2nd type diabetes, and as a valuable prebiotic for the human microbiome. The polysaccharide is found in high concentrations in plant tubers and roots, where it serves as a storage function. Research by several scientists has shown that inulin is also synthesized in large quantities in the rhizomes of certain rubber-bearing plants. S Turasheva G Yernazarova Z Abzhami A Alnurova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 403 404 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138537 The development of viticulture in protected soil conditions requires the study of the biological and morphological characteristics of various varieties. These studies make it possible to evaluate the anatomical structure of the shoots and the morphological characteristics of the varieties, which is important for the breeding, introduction and adaptation of grapes in Kazakhstan Ubaidulla A G Alpamysova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 405 405 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138538 Representatives of the genus Agrimonia L. are valuable medicinal plants widely used in traditional medicine. However, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of its various species have not been sufficiently studied, which complicates species diagnostics and the rational use of raw materials. T Yessenova G Alpamysova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 406 406 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138539 Introduction to Bioactive Compounds and Organic Chemistry The intersection of bioactive compounds and organic chemistry serves as a cornerstone in the advancement of pharmaceutical applications, offering a comprehensive understanding of how natural and synthetic substances can interact within biological systems. Bioactive compounds, which are pivotal in developing therapeutic agents, possess the ability to bring about significant biochemical changes. Organic chemistry, with its focus on the structure, properties, and reactions of carbon-containing compounds, provides the necessary framework for synthesizing new bioactive agents. Recent developments in natural products chemistry, particularly techniques like high-resolution screening and miniaturization of assays, are revolutionizing how these compounds are identified and tested for efficacy. These innovations facilitate the discovery of novel drugs while improving the efficiency of bioassay-guided fractionation processes, thereby enhancing productivity in pharmaceutical research. As the field progresses, the synergy between organic chemistry and bioactive compounds will remain integral to meeting healthcare challenges and fostering drug development. R Zaripova Sh Yakubov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 407 408 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138540 Wheat (Triticum) is one of the oldest and most widely cultivated cereal crops in the world. It was domesticated from wild grains and has played a major role in the history of human agriculture. Wheat is mainly used in the production of bread, pasta, sweets, and other food products. Wheat (Triticum aestivum), widely grown in Uzbekistan, is not only a major food source, but also a natural storehouse of valuable biologically active substances. Enzymes contained in the grain, in particular α-amylase, play a key role in the hydrolysis of starch and are one of the important factors determining the nutritional value of wheat. Changes in the activity of this enzyme directly affect the quality of flour products, baking technology, as well as the production of dietary and biologically active additives. Therefore, the study of α-amylase activity in wheat grains grown in Uzbekistan, the identification of its differences by variety, and its application in practice are of urgent scientific and practical importance for the pharmaceutical, food, and biologically active additive production sectors. G Zaynutdinova N Normakhamatov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 409 409 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138541 Карбоксиметилцеллюлоза натрия (NаКМЦ) занимает особое место благодаря хорошей растворимости в воде, полиэлектролитным свойствам, способности вступать в интерполимерные реакции, образовывать фазовые сетки с ионными и ионно координационными связями. Представляет собой нетоксичное и инертное биологическое вещество, что позволяет использовать его в медицине и фармацевтике. По химическому составу повидон-йод поливинилпирролидоном. представляет Широко собой сложную комбинацию йода с используемых вспомогательных веществ в фармацевтической промышленности. Повидон-йод дезинфицирует раны, помогает заживлению ран и предотвращает развитие инфекций. Его также используют с целью антисептической п Н Зокирова С Хазраткулова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 410 411 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138542 To maintain the stability of the internal environment of living organisms, it is extremely important to maintain physiological levels of trace elements. This fact can be explained by the fact that some trace elements are contained in the body in the form of complex coordination compounds with organic ligands, which are more biologically active and less toxic than compounds of inorganic origin. Vanadium is present in the body in very small amounts, but it is known to be involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, promotes better oxygenation of haemoglobin, has an insulin-like effect, namely, it promotes the absorption of glucose by cells, and is thought to have an antitumour effect. Nicotinamide participates in redox reactions, plays a role in blood formation, and exhibits antioxidant properties. Glutaric acid participates in energy metabolism and increases the intensity of enzymatic processes M Shamsutdinova M Fatkhullayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 412 413 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138543 The one of the promising medicinal plant that is widely used in folk medicine is the St John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). Unlike what is already in circulation, research on the distribution of medicinal plants, their bioecological characteristics, growing technology, and their reserve is promise for the pharmaceutical sector. The preparations which contain vitamins, essential oils, caratinoids and alkaloids were recovered from the St John’s wort plant have a twisting, antiseptic and wound tissue fast-graduating effect. In medicine, it is used in the treatment of gastrointestinal (colitis, diarrhea), oral diseases (gingivitis and stomatitis) and Burns of II and III degrees, as well as for rinsing the mouth. Taking into account the above information, the possibilities of planting and caring for the St John’s wort were considered in the irrigated regions of the Republic F Dusmuratova M Yulchieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 414 414 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138544 Philogenetic agents, normalizing bile flow, are effectively used in the treatment of liver and gallbladder pathologies. For the treatment and elimination of bile stasis, along with preparations of synthetic origin, medicinal plants with a pronounced choleretic effect are often used. Immortelle flower phytopreparations enhance the liver's functional capacity, thereby increasing bile secretion, leading to an increase in the amount of cholates in bile and a decrease in bile viscosity; corn stalks are effective for gallbladder and urinary tract infections, as well as liver diseases and jaundice. H Olimov A Ismoilov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 415 416 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138545 Allapinin is an antiarrhythmic drug that blocks sodium channels in the heart due to the presence of lappaconitine. As an antiarrhythmic drug belonging to the diterpene alkaloid group, assessing the quality parameters of Allapinin, studying its properties, and comparatively evaluating quality control methods are essential. Another important task is to assess the validation parameters of the quantitative determination method of Allapinin N Mirzabdullayeva Q Ubaydullayev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 417 417 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138546 Cholear agents based on medicinal plants are in high demand in clinical practice, as their effect is milder and longer-lasting compared to synthetic drugs. In order to increase the choleretic properties of plant-derived medicines and treat concomitant diseases, various plant-based preparations are used. H Olimov T Mirrakhimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 418 419 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138547 In case of drug poisoning, one of the first remedies is the introduction of enterosorbents into the human body. Studies show that enterosorbents may have different ability to bind toxins. Therefore, it was necessary to study the influence of factors such as the pH of the medium, temperature and time on the adsorption activity. K Osinovskaya A Malakhova N Arseniev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 420 420 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138548 Gummy dietary supplements in the form of jelly bears represent a modern and convenient dosage form of vitamin-mineral complexes. One of the most demanded components of such supplements is ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which possesses pronounced antioxidant properties and is involved in numerous metabolic processes of the human body. To control the quality of such dietary supplements, it is necessary to use highly accurate analytical methods, among which the most sensitive is the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. N Tleubaeva M Khamdamov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 421 422 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138549 Arthrophytum longibracteatum Korovin is a rare species of the family Chenopodiaceae Less., growing in the arid ecosystems of Kazakhstan. This plant remains poorly studied in terms of pharmacognostic aspects, which highlights the necessity of its comprehensive investigation as a potential source of biologically active compounds A Nurmanbek Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 423 423 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138551 Lipids of medicinal plants are of interest as a source of biologically active compounds. Artemisia annua L. (annual wormwood) is known for its antimalarial and anti inflammatory properties, but the lipid composition of its aboveground parts has not been sufficiently studied. N Normakhamatov A Turaboev Ch Toshtemirova F Kodiralieva A Siddikova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 424 425 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138552 Plants of the genus Salvia are rich in biologically active compounds. Studying the lipid complex of the above-ground parts of sage is important for assessing its potential as a source of functionally valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids and related components. N Normakhamatov A Turaboev Ch Toshtemirova F Kodiralieva A Siddikova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 426 426 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138553 vitaminlar tanada yetarli bo‘lmasa, moddalar almashinuvi (metabolizm) buzilishiga, jismoniy va aqliy faoliyatning susayishiga, hamda tez charchashga olib keladi. Shuningdek, vitamin yetishmovchiligi immun tizimini zaiflashtirib, organizmni kasallik keltiruvchi omillarga nisbatan himoyasiz holatga keltiradi. Natijada turli kasalliklarga, xususan, surunkali va patologik holatlarga moyillik ortadi. Vitaminlar organizmdagi ko‘plab metabolik jarayonlarda ishtirok etgani sababli, ularni kasalliklarning oldini olish va davolashda qo‘llash muhimdir. Ular boshqa davo vositalarining samaradorligini oshirish, ularning ta’sirini kuchaytirish yoki to‘ldirishda ham muhim rol o‘yna X Umarxonov M Mullajonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 427 428 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138580 Wound healing is a complex process of physiological reactions aimed at restoring the integrity of the skin and tissues. Disruptions in wound healing processes can lead to chronic inflammation, infection, and the formation of difficult-to-treat defects. In this regard, special attention is paid to the development of effective and biocompatible wound healing agents with minimal side effects and promoting accelerated restoration of damaged tissues. It is known that some nitric oxide donors promote accelerated wound healing by stimulating angiogenesis through dilation of blood vessels. In addition, the use of nitric oxide donors also promotes activation of cell proliferation and enhanced collagen synthesis, which plays a key role in restoring skin structure F Abduhomidova K Ibragimova A Khusenov G Rakhmanberdiev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 430 430 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138581 In recent years, despite significant advances in the field of creating synthetic drugs, many of which, unfortunately, are characterized by the presence of side effects and have contraindications to application, substances of natural origin remain one of the promising sources for obtaining new, highly effective drugs for the prevention and complex therapy of destructive lesions of the stomach and intestines. D Makhmudova R Tulyaganov U Usmanov N Abdurakhmanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 431 432 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138582 O`simlik tarkibli ko`p komponentli preparat bo`lib,turli davolash mexanizmiga ega organizm uchun nojo`ya ta`sir ko`rsatmaydi.Shundan kelib ciqqan holda,”Provizorskiy” gepatoprotektor balzamini farmakologik xususiyati ekspremental modellarda o`rganildi. G Alimdjanova Z Fayziyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 433 433 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138583 In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the global prevalence of diabetes mellitus, which has reached the level of a non-communicable epidemic [1]. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the number of people with diabetes increased from 151 million in 2000 to 425 million in 2017 [2]. According to the National Diabetes Registry of Kazakhstan, as of January 1, 2017, 293,171 patients were registered, including 17,231 patients with type 1 diabetes and 275,736 patients with type 2 diabetes. The annual increase in the number of diabetic patients in Kazakhstan is 8–10%, along with a rising frequency of severe complications. All these factors demonstrate the high relevance of the problem for the country’s healthcare system. A Alseitov M Nurmaganbetova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 434 434 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138584 Polygonum aviculare L., also known as knotweed or bird's-foot buckwheat, belongs to the buckwheat family (Polygonaceae). This widespread, seemingly inconspicuous plant grows along roadsides, in yards, and in wastelands. The phytochemical composition of Polygonum aviculare includes tannins, resins, traces of essential oil, vitamins C and K, and provitamin A. Its leaves contain significant amounts of ascorbic acid in reduced form (405–450 mg%) and reversibly oxidized form (253–300 mg%). In addition, the flavonol glycoside avicularin (C₂₀H₁₈O₁₁) has been identified; upon hydrolysis, quercetin and arabinose are formed. Oxymethylanthraquinones have been found in the plant's roots. The plant exhibits anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, diuretic, antioxidant, and restorative properties. It is used for gastrointestinal and urinary tract disorders, bleeding, and in the complex treatment and rehabilitation of cancer patients. Aman A M Kasimbekova G Ospanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 435 435 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138586 In women of reproductive age, estrogen is a C18 steroid with diverse physiological roles, primarily produced by the granulosa cells of the ovaries through endocrine signaling. Its functions include promoting the development of secondary sexual traits, controlling gonadotropin release to trigger ovulation, preparing tissues for progesterone activity, preserving bone density, regulating lipoprotein metabolism, preventing urogenital atrophy, modulating insulin sensitivity, and supporting cognitive health. In healthy premenopausal women, 17β-estradiol (E2) is the predominant circulating estrogen, synthesized in the ovaries. This synthesis occurs through the aromatization of androstenedione into estrone (E1), which is subsequently converted into 17β-estradiol. During normal menstrual cycles, 17β-estradiol functions as a systemic hormone, exerting regulatory actions on distant target tissues. B Azimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 436 437 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138587 Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and multifactorial reproductive, endocrine and metabolic disorder with diverse clinical manifestations, covering a wide spectrum of symptoms from reproductive dysfunction to metabolic disturbances, which poses significant challenges to patients’ quality of life and health. The etiology of PCOS remains unclear and involves a complex interaction of genetics, environment and endocrine system. This makes prevention, early diagnosis and effective treatment particularly challenging. Current treatment strategies for PCOS are primarily aimed at symptomatic treatment rather than at curing the disease itself. Although existing medications such as oral contraceptives and insulin sensitizers can alleviate symptoms to some extent, their long-term use may be associated with a number of side effects such as lipid metabolism disorders and increased insulin resistance, and some patients may have a suboptimal response to therapy. Luteolin can regulate aromatase expression through the MKK3/6-p38 MAPK-CREB pathway. This study reveals a potential role for TPL2 as a novel target in estrogen biosynthesis, providing new insights for the treatment of PCOS. B Azimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 438 439 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138588 Breast cancer (BC) continues to represent one of the most pressing health challenges of modern oncology, ranking as the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women globally. According to recent international epidemiological projections, by the year 2040 the overall incidence of BC is expected to rise by more than 40%, thereby placing an even greater burden on healthcare systems and highlighting the urgent necessity for novel and more effective therapeutic strategies. D Azimova B Azimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 440 441 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138590 Today, cardiovascular diseases are one of the most pressing problems in the global healthcare system and are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, more than 17 million people die annually from cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the search for new biologically active substances and the assessment of their impact on the cardiovascular system are of great scientific and practical importance. Sh Bakirova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 442 442 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138591 Hypoxia is one of the leading factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and neurological diseases, ranking first among other pathological conditions in the body in terms of prevalence and death. Most often, the state of hypoxia is observed together in various pathological conditions that occur mainly in diseases of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, as well as in some infectious diseases and acute poisoning.ypoxia is one of the leading factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and neurological diseases, ranking first among other pathological conditions in the body in terms of prevalence and death. Nurjamal Bekmurzayeva Azizbek Azamatov Ruzali Botirov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 443 444 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138592 Bacterial endotoxins, also known as polysaccharides (LPS), are known to be the main component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Bacterial endotoxins are present in the bloodstream throughout life and participate in the regulation of immune system activity at all levels. Lipopolysaccharides enable the adaptation of the immune and other vital body systems to constantly changing external and internal environmental conditions. However, excessive bacterial endotoxins entering the bloodstream can cause the development of endotoxin aggression and endotoxin shock, or acute multiple organ failure syndrome. It has been shown that damage to liver parenchymal cells begins with membrane disruption resulting from lipopolysaccharide activation of the arachidonic acid cascade . It has also been shown that 3 hours after intravenous administration of bacterial endotoxins, the number of lysosomes within parenchymal cells localized around the bile ducts increases M Ergasheva L Elmurodov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 445 445 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138593 According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and other medical research data, 10–20% of the global population suffers from chronic constipation. This issue is especially prevalent among women, the elderly, pregnant women, and individuals with sedentary lifestyles. Constipation not only causes discomfort but can also lead to hemorrhoids, anal fissures, intestinal dysfunction, and chronic toxicosis.Long-term use of many synthetic laxatives can result in intestinal habituation (tolerance), dysbiosis, and disruption of the water-electrolyte balance. Therefore, there is a growing demand for natural, safe, and effective alternatives.The global laxative market exceeded $10 billion USD in 2024, and continues to grow annually. In the bioactive supplements segment, constipation-relief products stand out as a distinct and growing category Nufuzakhon Adilova Malika Foziljonova Abdusattor Tojiboyev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 446 446 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138594 Targeted drugs, which significantly reduce the toxic effects of cytostatic drugs, are widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of cancer. The Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan has developed a polysaccharide-conjugated form of doxorubicin (DOX), PGA-DOX, which has promising medical implications. Sh Usmonov N Tagayaliyeva K Baratov R Yakubova G Rakhmonova B Mukhitdinov M Kalanova A Turaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 447 448 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138595 Topicality. Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with systemic oxidative stress and significant impairment of cellular metabolism, contributing to damage to target organs, particularly the kidneys. Current therapeutic approaches have limited efficacy in correcting these metabolic disorders. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitors, such as 4-[(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropanoyl) amino] benzoic acid (etmaben), are considered potential agents for metabolic therapy; however, their molecular mechanisms of action in established CHF remain poorly understood. A Grishina Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 449 449 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138596 In recent years, breast diseases, in particular various tumors, have had a significant impact on women's health worldwide. Currently, fibroadenoma (breast cancer) is a benign tumor that is common in young women and girls. Since the widespread prevalence of fibroadenoma in young girls is associated with reproductive health, the psychological state of women, and future motherhood opportunities, an in-depth study of the topic is one of the current issues. Based on the results of epidemiological observations conducted in Uzbekistan, approximately 7-9% of young girls aged 18 25 have been diagnosed with fibroadenoma. Objectives of the study: To conduct a metrological analysis of the causes of fibroadenoma in young girls, to identify hormonal and hereditary factors, and to study the factors influencing it A Yusupbekov G Ikromova L Malikova Z Umarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 450 450 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138597 I. tinctoria seed oil contains a number of bioactive components, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, which may have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects. Studies of the pharmacological activity of the oil may provide new data for its use as a natural remedy for various diseases, such as respiratory tract infections, skin inflammations, wounds and burns. Sh Khakimjanova G Tillaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 451 452 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138598 Herbal preparations are multicomponent, have different mechanisms of action and do not have side effects on the body. Based on this, we studied the pharmacological activity of the dry extract of Rheum Tataricum L. on experimental models . Z Khakimova Z Fayzieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 453 454 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138599 Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient for cellular activity, acting as a cofactor for enzymes such as arginase and glutamine synthetase. These metalloproteins enable manganese to play a key role in various bodily functions, including development, digestion, reproduction, antioxidant protection, energy production, immune response, and regulation of nerve activity. D Khayrullaev B Tulyaganov R Tulyaganov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 455 456 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138600 In modern medicine, one of the most pressing challenges is the increasing prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders, particularly gastric and duodenal ulcers. The primary etiological factor of these conditions is the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which damages the protective mucosal barrier of the gastrointestinal tract, disrupts gastric acidity, and initiates inflammatory processes. Peptic ulcer disease is considered one of the most widespread internal pathologies, requiring a comprehensive therapeutic approach. The main objectives of treatment are pain relief, ulcer healing, prevention of complications, and reduction of recurrence, making this condition a highly relevant issue in contemporary healthcare. R Sultonova F Ko‘lboyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 457 458 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138601 Current period, gastric and o‘n two fingers of the intestine wounds (peptic ulcer disease) health storage system important clinical and social problems one as distinguished is. The world healthyliqni storage organization data according, this pathology of the population, 10-20 % up to that part of the cover will. Though modern in pharmacology wide ko‘lamli medicinal drugs available are, despite them each always also of the patient's individual needs for a complete answer you give can't. For this reason, natural source and less nojoiz‘ya effect have that substances, the therapeutic capabilities of a deep study topical is. T Mustanov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 459 460 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138602 It is currently established that lipid metabolism disorders are a leading risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases -vascular diseases, mainly due to the significant influence of cholesterol on the development of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and, accordingly, the risk of developing ischemic stroke. Therefore, the search for new active agents capable of exerting a pharmacocorrective effect on impaired lipid metabolism remains a highly relevant task. As part of the ongoing search for new non-toxic and effective herbal remedies for the treatment of cardiovascular disease and ischemic stroke, encouraging results were obtained when considering a drug with the tentative name “Saflavin” (dry powder of the aqueous fraction of the ethanol extract of secondary metabolites of Crocus sativus L. stamens). D Narbutaeva F Tursunkhodjaeva Sh Makhmudova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 461 462 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138603 It is currently established that lipid metabolism disorders are a leading risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases -vascular diseases, mainly due to the significant influence of cholesterol on the development of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and, accordingly, the risk of developing ischemic stroke. Therefore, the search for new active agents capable of exerting a pharmacocorrective effect on impaired lipid metabolism remains a highly relevant task. As part of the ongoing search for new non-toxic and effective herbal remedies for the treatment of cardiovascular disease and ischemic stroke, encouraging results were obtained when considering a drug with the tentative name “Saflavin” (dry powder of the aqueous fraction of the ethanol extract of secondary metabolites of Crocus sativus L. stamens). D Narbutaeva F Tursunkhodjaeva Sh Makhmudova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 461 462 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138604 Inflammation is a complex complex reaction of the body as a whole, has a protective-adaptive nature and is formed in the process of evolution, expressed mainly by local tissue changes - alteration, exudation, caused by impaired local circulation, emigration and proliferation of leukocytes. In folk medicine, anise lofant is used for inflammatory processes of the respiratory organs, bronchitis, to improve the immune system, for gastritis, hepatitis, gastrointestinal disorders, as a strengthening and anti-aging agent. M Normurotova R Sultanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 463 463 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138607 Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is a pathological factor that provokes oxidative stress, which can initiate a cascade of pathological conditions, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and metabolic disorders. In this regard, the study of active antioxidants is relevant. In this work, we studied the antihypoxic properties of the metabolite of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS) - ethylmethylsulfapyridine (EMSP) on the IH model in mice. In previous studies, EMSP exhibited antihypoxic and antioxidant properties [1-3]. G Plisko D Ivkin Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 464 464 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138608 Currently, the problems of preserving and strengthening human health are becoming increasingly urgent on a global scale. In particular, the side effects of synthetic chemical drugs, allergic reactions, and negative consequences resulting from long-term use increase the need for natural medicines. From this point of view, the importance of medicines prepared on the basis of medicinal plants in our lives is increasing. Medicinal plants have been used in folk medicine since ancient times and have natural, environmentally friendly properties that have a mild effect on the human body. The modern pharmaceutical industry also pays great attention to the production of effective medicines from the components of medicinal herbs. Therefore, conducting scientific research on the study of medicinal plants, the possibilities of their proper collection, processing, and use as a medicinal product is a pressing issue. The choice of this topic, on the one hand, contributes to the formation of a healthy lifestyle, and on the other hand, serves the preservation and development of our national traditional medicine O Qodirova R Sultanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 465 465 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138609 Liver diseases are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Animal models play a crucial role in the preclinical stage for the development and evaluation of hepatoprotective drugs. Liver disorders such as hepatitis, steatosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis pose significant social and economic challenges globally. According to the World Health M Kuranboyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 466 467 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138610 One of the priority tasks in the field of pharmaceuticals is to provide the population of our republic with effective and safe medicinal products and biologically active supplements (BAS) derived from local plants. R Ramazanova Z Fayziyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 468 469 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138613 нарушения обменных процессов инсулина и системы передачи сигналов инсулина в центральной нервной системе могут способствовать развитию различных заболеваний головного мозга, следствием большинства из которых являются когнитивные расстройства. Своевременная диагностика и адекватная патогенетическая терапия неврологических осложнений сахарного диабета имеют крайне важное значение в комплексном ведении пациентов с данным заболеванием Т Саатов Г Артыкбаева Т Ишанходжаев М Мустафакулов Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 470 471 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138614 Inflammation is one of the body's defense mechanisms that develops as a response to infection, injury, or other adverse effects. At the same time, chronic inflammatory processes are considered an important pathogenetic factor in the development of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, and even oncological diseases. In recent decades, scientific research has shown great interest in natural bioactive substances, particularly extracts from medicinal plants, as potential sources of anti-inflammatory agents. S Shodmonova R Sultonova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 472 473 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138615 The medicinal properties of plants are determined by their active substances, based on which or by synthesizing which the pharmaceutical industry produces effective medicinal herbal preparations. Therefore, the search for alternative medicinal herbal preparations with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity is very relevant. D Shakirova H Nuralieva Sh Khabibullaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 474 475 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138616 Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) holds a special place among chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract due to its prevalence and severity. We know that in most cases, synthetic drugs are taken which have a pronounced pharmacotherapeutic effect. However, they also have side effects on other functional organs. This limits their possible use in some cases (for children and pregnant women) as well as for individual intolerance to synthetic drugs. In this regard, the use of medicinal plants with anti-ulcer effects is relevant. R Sultanova F Kulboeva A Kholboev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 476 476 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138627 Physical performance is a key indicator of the functional state of the body, reflecting the ability to exercise and fatigue resistance. In sports physiology and pharmacology, endurance assessment is important in developing training programs and testing various effects. Mice are widely used as models due to their genetic uniformity and sensitivity. The swimming to exhaustion test is a valid method of assessing endurance M Tagangylyjova A Kasymov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 477 477 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138628 The anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of cancer; however, its high cardiotoxicity limits its use. The development of targeted delivery systems for the cytostatic agent to the tumor site has significantly reduced DOX toxicity. Research in this area has also been conducted at the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where various DOX derivatives have been obtained. Comprehensive studies are currently underway on the promising polysaccharide conjugated drug PGA-DOX. To assess the cardiotoxic effect of various drugs, levels of various cardiac markers are determined. N Tagayalieva Sh Usmonov A Abdullaev M Zaripova K Baratov R Yakubova G Rakhmonova B Mukhitdinov M Kalonova A Turaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 478 479 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138637 Due to the high prevalence of oral inflammatory diseases among the population of our republic, the development of natural-based dental gels and the study of their activity is considered relevant. N Temirova Z Fayziyeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 480 480 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138638 Cerebral atherosclerosis under high-altitude conditions has a more severe course due to chronic hypobaric hypoxia, which enhances mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, and energy deficit in brain cells. This leads to faster progression of cognitive impairments and increases the risk of ischemic stroke. The search for therapeutic strategies focused not only on the vascular component but also on adaptive-metabolic support is a pressing task. M Taalaibekova Zh Makhmudova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 481 481 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138639 Anemia is a group of diseases characterized by a decrease in the number of circulating red blood cells and (or) hemoglobin (Hb) in a unit of blood volume below the normal level for a given age and gender. Today, the relevance of the anemia problem remains high: every fourth person in the world suffers from anemia, and women and children are especially affected. Anemia is a common symptom of a wide range of diseases, including malignant tumors, and requires attention due to its severe consequences for health and quality of life, especially in Africa and Southeast Asia. Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency is one of the most important health problems in many countries around the world. In the treatment of anemia, folic acid plays a key role, ensuring the process of formation of blood cells (erythrocytes) when there is a lack of iron in the body. Stimulates erythropoiesis, participates in the synthesis of nucleic and amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases, in the metabolism of choline and histidine. B Tulyaganov R Tulyaganov H Usmanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 482 483 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138640 As is known from the literature, the fruit of pear (Pyrus communis) has been used as food since ancient times. There are more than 22 species of it, one of which is the wild pear, which is the ancestor of the modern cultivated pear. Diabetes mellitus remains one of the most urgent problems of clinical medicine. Diabetes mellitus is the third leading cause of death from this disease (6%), after cardiovascular diseases (51%) and cancer (17%). Over the past 10 years, the incidence of diabetes mellitus has increased in all countries of the world. Children under the age of 14 account for 6-8% of the population with diabetes. The annual increase in the number of children with insulin-dependent diabetes is 6%. Up to 13% of children with diabetes are under the age of 5. Due to the high content of beneficial substances in the composition of wild pear, it has been used: for diuretics, inflammation, normalization of blood pressure, and boosting immunity. Scientific research in recent years has shown that natural compounds consisting of polyphenols and polysaccharides in their chemical composition are used to prevent the development of obesity and diabetes (by reducing the amount of glucose in the blood). U Berdibaev B Tulyaganov R Tulyaganov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 484 484 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138641 Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Current chemotherapeutic agents often have significant side effects, and their effectiveness is limited. Therefore, the search for new, effective, and less toxic compounds is considered a key area of research in oncology D Khayrullaev Sh Gulyamov R Zakirova F Jumaboev A Sharipov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 485 485 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138642 Разработка новых фармакологически эффективных лекарственных средств (ЛС) или биологически активных добавок (БАД) включает совершенствование технологий получения, а также подбор вспомогательных веществ и наполнителей, способствующих улучшению биодоступности и стабильности активных компонентов. ЛС и БАД растительного происхождения представлены в различных лекарственных формах и включают стандартизованные экстракты, эфирные масла и выделенные биологически активные соединения. Одним из направлений расширения ассортимента растительных лекарственных средств является углублённое фармакологическое изучение уже известных фармакопейных растений, традиционно применяемых при ограниченном числе показаний. Многие из них обладают потенциалом для более широкого терапевтического использования. Перспективным представляется также формирование рациональных многокомпонентных фитокомпозиций, содержащих совокупность биологически активных веществ с полифункциональным фармакологическим действием, направленным на регуляцию физиологических процессов в функционально взаимосвязанных системах организма Ш Мухитдинова З Юлдашев И Закиров С Мухитдинов Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 486 487 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138645 In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the task of creating its own industrial pharmaceutical base, capable of solving many problems related to production conditions, is currently acute. To ensure the creation of optimal working conditions in pharmaceutical enterprises operating under our natural and climatic conditions, it is already necessary to have a comprehensive hygienic characterization of pharmaceutical production. I Rustamov N Olimov M Abdullaeva Sh Nurmatov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 488 489 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138649 Today, the constant growth of sports results in canoeing requires intensification of the athletes' training system. To improve the performance of high-class rowers, the use of biologically active additives is in high demand. As such, dihydroquercetin, which has antioxidant, capillary protective, anti-inflammatory properties, as well as positively affecting the functioning of the cardiovascular, immune, nervous and respiratory systems, has not been studied J Abdurakhmanov L Kuchkarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 490 490 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138650 selective gossitan consists of studying the antioquism as well as antiradicality nature of safflower extracts. To achieve the purpose of the work, we used the following research tasks. Study of solubility and properties of extracted gossitan, gallora extracts. Determination of the antioxidant and antiradicality properties of selected gossitan, gallora extracts. The effect of Gossitan and safflower extracts on LPO and oxygen balance in the body G Qalandarova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 491 491 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138652 In the current era of modern technologies, the supply of medicines is an important issue in the treatment of diseases caused by heredity, gene mutations, cell membrane disorders of higher organisms, climate degradation, and other causes, including in the situation caused by the coronavirus. One of the complications remaining after the COVID-19 disease, which has spread throughout the world, is the state of platelet aggregation. This naturally increases the demand for the production of blood thinners (for example, heparin, cleacsan, etc.). In the context of the current pandemic, one of the urgent problems is the search for cost-effective substitutes for such drugs using the anticoagulant properties of endophytic fungi, their screening and recommendation for pharmaceuticals and medicine M Boʻrieva X Nuralieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 492 492 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138654 World medical practice faces the problem of increasing number of infectious diseases that are difficult to treat with known antimicrobial agents. First of all, this is due to a sharp increase in the number of resistant microorganisms to existing drugs and a decrease in their therapeutic effectiveness due to uncontrolled administration. In such conditions, the need for the development of new antimicrobial agents based on natural polymers increases. Of particular interest are compounds that can combine antimicrobial activity with a minimal risk of side effects. It is known that polysaccharides such as chitosan, pectin, alginic acid and their derivatives have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action. At the same time, antimicrobial polysaccharides do not exhibit toxic effects and do not accumulate in the body. Based on this, research aimed at obtaining new polysaccharide derivatives with antimicrobial action remains relevant. A Jonuzokov O Abdullaev A Khusenov G Rakhmanberdiev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 493 493 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138655 Cholesterol oxidase (CHO) is an enzyme from the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to cholest-4-en-3-one and hydrogen peroxide. It can be used in test systems for determining blood cholesterol levels or as a catalyst in the synthesis of biologically active derivatives of cholesterol. This enzyme is obtained only through microbial synthesis, during which the selection of an optimal nutrient medium (NM) in general and the optimal content of the organic nitrogen source, in particular, remains a very relevant issue. A Shpachuk N Ponomarev E Khryachkova V Kolodyazhnaya Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 494 495 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138657 Opium poppy, an annual herbaceous plant, is widely cultivated in southern Central Asia. Its petals contain 0.05% alkaloids and fatty acids. The greatest interest in studying this plant lies in its effects on the nervous system, exhibiting a sedative effect, as well as less pronounced hypnotic and analgesic properties. It is widely known for its hemostatic effect. An infusion made from the petals of the opium poppy is highly valued for its cough suppressant effect. Given its well known beneficial pharmacological effects, the potential for adverse effects of the opium poppy cannot be ruled out. K Akhmadjonov A Azamatov M Ergasheva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 496 496 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138659 Belladonna , being perennial plant, It is considered widespread throughout Asia Minor. The plant material is harvested primarily in plantations, the leaves during flowering, and the herb during fruit ripening. Belladonna roots are of interest as the primary raw material for therapeutic agents. All parts of the plant are poisonous and contain the alkaloids atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine: 0.14-1.20% in the leaves, 0.2-0.65% in the herb, 0.24-0.6% in the flowers, and 0.7% in the ripe fruit. K Akhmadjonov A Azamatov M Ergasheva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 497 497 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138661 Cucumber ( Cucumis ) sativus L. ) contains a significant amount of moisture (90 95% ) , protein (0.8%), sugars (2-2.5%), fat (0.1%), hemicellulose (0.1%), all tissues (0.7%), pectin (0.4%), as well as starch (0.1%) and organic acids. It is rich in vitamins B1, B2, B6, B15, C, PP, as well as microelements K, Ca, Mg, Al, F, Zn, Fe, I. K Akhmadjonov A Azamatov M Ergasheva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 498 499 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138671 Currently, the search for antiviral substances is carried out in two ways: 1. Repurposing existing and screening newly synthesized compounds. 2. Targeted search for natural biologically active substances, in most cases, using computer modeling. The main disadvantage of all currently used drugs is their fairly high toxicity and, as a consequence, the presence of side effects. In the development of new drugs for the treatment of COVID-19, polyphenolic compounds are of particular interest. Studies conducted by scientists from different countries have shown that plant polyphenols are promising polyfunctional compounds with great potential as active ingredients for the creation of new pharmaceutical substances with antiviral activity N Abdulladjanova R Makhmudov R Rakhimov U Gayibov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 500 501 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138672 In leading pharmaceutical companies, the development of new herbal medicines and their application in medical practice has significantly increased. Medicinal plants are of great importance in the global healthcare system due to the effective therapeutic properties of their biologically active components. Currently, phenolic compounds isolated from plants show antioxidant, antihypoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory activities. Q Baratov G Rakhmonova N Tagayaliyeva R Yakubova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 502 502 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138673 One of the most important directions in the development of new biotechnologies is the creation of pharmacological preparations that have a highly specific effect on cells or molecules in the organism. Currently, proteins or their conjugates are attracting particular interest from researchers in the creation of highly selective drugs. In this context, plant toxins that completely stop protein synthesis in the cell by switching ribosomes to an inactive state are being actively studied. These toxins are collectively called Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins (RIPs). B Qoraboyeva M Oripova Z Xashimova Yu Oshepkova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 503 504 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138674 Cancer is one of the most life-threatening diseases, and conventional therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and systemic treatments are widely used. However, these methods often cause severe side effects, highlighting the need for alternative strategies. Hydrogels, especially those based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and gelatin, are promising due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and drug delivery potential. They can release therapeutic agents locally, in a controlled and sustained manner. HA, a natural polysaccharide, combined with gelatin, a collagen derivative, forms hydrogels that interact efficiently with cancer cells, while their water retention and microenvironment support cell regulation. Doxorubicin (DOX), a common chemotherapeutic, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis but is limited by systemic toxicity. Therefore, HA–gelatin hydrogels provide an innovative carrier to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects. The 4T1 breast cancer line, known for its aggressive and metastatic behavior, is a suitable model to evaluate these systems. This study examines DOX-loaded HA–gelatin hydrogels on 4T1 cells to provide insights for effective localized cancer therapy. A Boydedaev D Amonova M Karimov M Kalonova B Muhitdinov A Turaev Y Huang H Wang Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 505 506 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138675 С целью создания лекарственных препаратов на основе местного растительного сырья и внедрения их в медицинскую практику необходимо исследование специфической активности разработанных лекарственных препаратов. Методом полиэкстракции получен сухой экстракт, успокаивающего действия, из местного сырья корней и корневищ пиона лекарственного (Paeónia officinális L.). Г Садикова Г Исмоилова З Зупарова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 507 508 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138676 Currently, Kazakhstan market of medicines is filled with quite expensive antioxidant drugs mainly of foreign production. The country needs domestic medicines and medicinal preparations that can compete with foreign analogues. In this regard, research on the development of innovative import-substituting drugs based on humic substances of peloids are of particular relevance and practical importance. One of the interesting and promising sources of biologically active substances (BAS) in terms of economic and therapeutic efficacy are peloids, in particular, coal, which is a complex of both inorganic and organic substances Zh Kairbekov M Esenalieva S Suimbaeva I Dzheldybaeva A Kairbekov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 509 510 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138677 Modern production of immunobiological preparations and diagnostic test systems primarily relies on economic efficiency. Traditionally, a stationary cultivation method is used to accumulate virus-containing material, which has a number of advantages associated primarily with the lack of need for expensive equipment , consumables , and greater opportunities for monitoring fungal and bacterial contamination, with low personnel qualifications. A Nurmukhambetova G Ustenova E Krykbayev N Akhmetsadykov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 511 512 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138678 Chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.) is a widely distributed medicinal plant containing flavonoids (apigenin and kaempferol glycosides), phenolic acids, and saponins, exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. The plant is used in traditional medicine for inflammatory diseases and metabolic disorders, which confirms the prospects for the development of phytopreparations. Zh Seitova M Ashirov K Zhakipbekov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 513 513 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138679 Medicinal plants are a valuable source of biologically active substances (BAS). Among them, a promising object is golden hare’s ear (Bupleurum aurei Fisch.), traditionally used in the treatment of liver and gastrointestinal diseases. Modern studies confirm its rich chemical composition and pharmacological potential. M Ashirov B Toizhanov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-29 2025-10-29 5 10(MPHAPP) 514 514 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138687 In the pharmaceutical industry, the demand for natural, low-toxicity, and effective phytopreparations is increasing. This interest is associated with the fact that plant-derived substances, compared to synthetic drugs, are generally safer and more accessible. For many centuries, the practice of traditional medicine has demonstrated the positive effects of medicinal plants in the treatment and prevention of various diseases R Bazarbayeva M Koilybaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 515 515 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138690 Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and conventional treatments like chemotherapy often cause significant systemic toxicity. Targeted drug delivery systems are therefore essential. Hydrogels, with high fluid retention and balanced structure, provide an ideal platform for local, controlled delivery. This study focuses on hyaluronan–chitosan hydrogels for localized doxorubicin delivery. Hyaluronan, a natural polysaccharide, offers biocompatibility and degradability, while chitosan enables high drug loading and promotes cell adhesion. Together, they encapsulate doxorubicin for controlled release at the target site. The inclusion of sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol optimizes hydrogel structure and properties, aiming to increase local drug concentration, reduce side effects, and improve treatment outcomes. The study investigates hydrogel preparation, characterization, and performance, highlighting their potential in enhancing cancer therapy and advancing innovative drug delivery strategies A Boydedaev D Amonova M Karimov M Kalonova B Muhitdinov A Turaev Y Huang H Wang Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 516 517 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138691 Malignant tumors remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with breast carcinoma ranking first in incidence among women. Despite the development of modern therapeutic approaches, drug resistance and pronounced side effects of cytostatic drugs necessitate the search for new selective agents with antiproliferative activity. A promising direction is the study of biologically active compounds from natural sources, among which polypore fungi are of particular interest due to their richness in polysaccharides and triterpenoids with pronounced immunostimulatory and cytotoxic properties. In particular, the relatively unexplored yet widely distributed species Lenzites betulinus and Trametes versicolor are potential sources of new anticancer agents. H Harbatsevich T Doroshenko A Portyanko N Bobrova I Severin Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 518 518 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138693 Arrhythmias remain a pressing challenge in modern cardiology because of their high prevalence and the serious threat they pose to patient survival. Current antiarrhythmic drugs, although effective, are often associated with side effects involving the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal tract, and other organ systems Z Khashimova M Salakhutdinova K Kakhorova V Uzbekov Yu Oshchepkova Sh Salikhov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 519 519 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138729 The widespread availability and use of antibacterial and antiseptic agents have led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance among many strains of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotic resistance poses a particular challenge in the treatment of nosocomial infections in hospital settings, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). Addressing the pharmacotherapy of nosocomial infections in ICUs remains one of the most pressing issues in modern medicine. To tackle this problem, novel antimicrobial agents as well as their combined activity are being investigated. Synergistic interactions between antimicrobials can facilitate therapy and enhance efficacy at lower doses, thereby reducing adverse and toxic effects on the human body D Kurlovich R Kravchenko Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 520 520 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138733 Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) is a membrane channel protein whose abnormal overexpression has been linked to tumor growth, migration, and metastasis in cancers such as breast, lung, and gastric carcinoma. These oncogenic roles make AQP5 an attractive therapeutic target. Natural compounds like 20-Hydroxyecdysone (ecdysterone), known for diverse biological activities, warrant investigation as potential modulators of AQP5 in cancer. M Makhamov D Abduvokhidov J Razzokov A Sharipov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 521 521 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138734 According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF 4947 dated February 7, 2017 "On the Strategy of Actions for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan", general goals are set, such as developing agriculture, ensuring food security, and increasing export potential. Within the framework of this strategy, measures are being implemented to expand and support the cultivation of legumes, including peas. Khurriyat Po’latova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 522 522 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138738 In modern cosmetology, interest in the use of herbal remedies with not only caring but also therapeutic and prophylactic properties is growing. Juniperus seravschanica Kom. belongs to the cypress family (Cupressaceae). This evergreen coniferous plant is endemic to the mountainous regions of Central Asia, particularly Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. It plays an important role in the region's ecosystems and is valuable both in folk medicine and in modern pharmacology and cosmetology. Juniperus seravschanica Kom. is an endemic species of Central Asia, known for its high content of essential oils, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. These biologically active substances exhibit pronounced antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and fungicidal properties. D Tayirova Kh Tukhtaev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 523 523 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138739 It has been shown that the effect of X-ray irradiation at 2 Gy and 4 Gy leads to suppression of the activity of the studied enzymes in various brain structures. Moreover, it was found that pre-administration of saffron extract in many cases prevents significant suppression of the studied enzymes by irradiation, and on the contrary, this antioxidant promotes an increase in their activity in brain structures. Objective: To study the effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) stigma extract on the dynamics of changes in the content of different types of surface-exposed SH-groups, structurally masked protein SH-groups, and glutathione under X-ray irradiation at doses of 2 and 4 Gy in different brain regions. I Rzayeva M Valieva N Aliyev S Musayeva S Yagubova S Atakishizade Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 524 524 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138740 Interest in natural antioxidants is growing in cosmetology. Astaxanthin from the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis is more active than many known antioxidants and can protect the skin from photoaging and oxidative stress. Research into the development of stable and safe formulas is needed to incorporate it into cosmetics Yesimkhan Zh U Alimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 525 525 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138742 In order to create medicinal preparations based on local plant raw materials and introduce them into medical practice, it is necessary to study the specific activity of the developed medicinal preparations. A dry extract with a calming effect was obtained from local raw materials using the polyextraction method. roots and rhizomes of the medicinal peony ( Paeonia officinalis L.). G Sadikova G Ismoilova Z Zuparova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 527 527 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138743 Modern pharmacological drugs play a key role in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the female reproductive system, such as menstrual cycle disorders, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), infertility, and osteoporosis. The assessment of the effectiveness and safety of drugs aimed at hormonal therapy, the use of drugs to improve fertility, as well as drugs that regulate metabolism and immune reactions, is an important aspect of modern pharmacotherapy in gynecology. Sh Ziyayeva S Erkenova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 528 529 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138744 Скабиоза золотистая (Scabiosa ochroleuca L.) - перспективное лекарственное растение, применяемое в народной медицине при заболеваниях ЖКТ, опорно двигательной системы, инфекциях и как ранозаживляющее средство. В её надземной части обнаружены флавоноиды (лютеолин, кверцетин), фенольные соединения, иридоиды, дубильные вещества, сапонины и органические кислоты, обладающие различными фармакологическими эффектами. Ағабек Д М Касимбекова Б Торланова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 530 531 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138745 Антибиотикорезистентность является одной из наиболее острых проблем современной медицины и пищевой безопасности. Остаточные количества антибиотиков могут попадать в молочную продукцию при применении препаратов для лечения животных. Это не только способствует формированию устойчивых штаммов микроорганизмов, но и изменяет микробиологический состав кисломолочных продуктов, снижая их пищевую и пробиотическую ценность. Йогурт содержит живые молочнокислые бактерии, которые выполняют важные функции: улучшают пищеварение, подавляют развитие патогенной микрофлоры, стимулируют иммунитет. Однако антибиотики способны подавлять не только патогенные, но и полезные микроорганизмы. В этой связи актуальным является исследование действия различных антибиотиков на микрофлору йогурта. Жунисбек А М Нармуратова С Турашева Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 532 533 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138746 The production of free radicals in various tissues and cells of the body through many endogenous and exogenous pathways causes oxidative stress, which leads to the development of various diseases in humans. Therefore, the study of the antioxidant properties of biologically active substances isolated from plants is of great importance. It is known that epidemiologically, fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants in the diet prevent the development of many diseases associated with oxidative stress. Recent studies have shown that mitochondria play an important role in apoptotic and necrotic cell death. As a result of mitochondrial dysfunction, the number of mitochondria in tissues decreases, deep ultrastructural anomalies of organelles develop, mitochondrial biogenesis is disrupted, the activity of enzyme complexes of the respiratory chain changes, and ATP synthesis is inhibited. At the same time, mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to calcium homeostasis disruption, excessive production of reactive oxygen species, as well as the transition of the megapore to an open conformation, a decrease in the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, the release of cytochrome c, the activation of proapoptotic caspase-3 and the DNA repair enzyme poly (-ADP ribose) polymerase. From the above, it can be seen that a specific mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in the process of lipid peroxidation (LPO) that develops during oxidative stress D Isamuhamedova N Ergashev R Rakhimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 534 535 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138747 Jahon miqyosida sport yutuqlarining doimiy o'sishi sport sohasida ishlaydigan tadqiqotchilarni sportchilar tanasini jismoniy faoliyatga moslashtirish chegaralarini kengaytiradigan samarali vositalar va usullarni izlashga majbur qilmoqda. Ular orasida dori-darmonlar eng keng qo'llanilishini o‘z o‘rnini topdi, ular asosli foydalanish bilan mashg'ulot yuklaridan keyin tiklanish jarayonlarini sezilarli darajada tezlashtirishga, tananing o'quv jarayonini idrok etishni yaxshilashga va tananing jismoniy faoliyatga moslashishining tarkibiy asoslarini rivojlantirishga yordam beradi. Shunday qilib, sport farmakologiyasi sohasida yangi dori-darmonlarni ishlab chiqish, ilmiy yondashuv va ruxsat etilgan farmakologik preparatlarni qo'llash algoritmidan foydalanish sportchilarning jismoniy ko'rsatkichlarini tiklaydigan va oshiradigan moslashish va energiya ta'minotining asosiy mexanizmlariga maqsadli ta'sir ko'rsatishga imkon beradi. A Qudratov A Qosimov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 536 537 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138748 Abu Ali Hussein ibn Abdallah ibn Sina (16 August 980 - 18 June 1037) created works not only on medicine but also on the history of theology, philosophy, astronomy and religion. A number of sources record more than 450 works by Ibn Sina, and only 242 Gypsies have reached us. Ibn Sina's Works list more than 100 herbal products in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. One of the most commonly used plants in diabetes is white mulberry (Morus alba) plant raw materials and large zubturum (Plantago major) leaves. Ibn Sina cited that raw materials of these tumors are high in effectiveness in diabetes mellitus not only when applied separately, but also in the form of folding G Malikova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 538 539 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138754 Hemorrhoids are among the most common diseases of the rectum and anal canal. According to the World Health Organization, 10–15% of the adult population suffers from various forms of hemorrhoids, and among patients over 50 years old, this figure reaches 50–70%. The disease significantly reduces quality of life, being accompanied by pain, inflammation, itching, bleeding, and impaired normal functioning. In my work, I aimed to find a safer and more effective remedy. I chose phytosuppositories, since plant-based raw materials combine availability, low toxicity, and a complex therapeutic effect. Buckwheat, due to its rutin and flavonoid content, strengthens blood vessels and reduces inflammation. In combination with calendula, plantain, oak bark, and sea buckthorn oil, I obtained a preparation with pronounced wound-healing and anti-inflammatory effects. S Onlasbek Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 540 540 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138755 The immune system is a complex network of cells and mediators designed to protect the body from pathogens. However, in some cases (organ transplantation, autoimmune and allergic diseases) this protective reaction becomes excessive or directed against one's own tissues, which requires pharmacological correction. Immunosuppressants are a heterogeneous group of drugs that specifically inhibit the immune response. Their introduction revolutionized transplantology and significantly improved the prognosis for many autoimmune pathologies. However, their use is associated with serious side effects, primarily with an increased risk of infections and cancer, which dictates the need to search for new, more selective targets and drugs. Sh Ismatova R Sultanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 541 541 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138762 According to the literature, arterial hypertension is one of the most widespread diseases today. Alongside pharmaceutical drugs, traditional remedies and medicinal plants are widely used because they are natural, affordable, and have fewer side effects. Therefore, the use of medicinal plants in treatment is of great importance. A Rajapov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 542 542 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138763 Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide and in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 17.9 million people die from CVDs every year (WHO, 2021). In Kazakhstan, the prevalence of arterial hypertension among the adult population exceeds 25%, which makes its control particularly relevant (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2022). Sh Molaikhanov D Rustamkhanov M Shakirov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 543 544 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138764 Inflammatory processes underlie the development of most diseases, be it pathology of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, joints or skin. Modern medicine has a wide range of anti-inflammatory drugs, but their prolonged use is often accompanied by side effects and complications. In this regard, there is a growing interest in the use of natural remedies, in particular herbal preparations with anti-inflammatory activity. Medicinal plants contain flavonoids, essential oils, tannins and other biologically active components that have a mild but pronounced antiinflammatory effect. D Zayniddinova R Sultanova N Shiltsova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 545 545 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138765 Garlic is one of the most extensively studied natural immunomodulators with antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant activity. Its use is limited by the presence of a characteristic unpleasant odor associated with sulfur-containing compounds. To reduce the odor, we used cherry, as it is rich in polyphenols, organic acids, and antioxidants, which are able to neutralize volatile garlic compounds while preserving its beneficial properties. This makes the topic relevant for both pharmaceuticals and the food industry A Shynkozhaeva U Umirzakova B Torlanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 546 546 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138766 Bugungi kunda revmatoid artrit va unga o‘xshash surunkali yallig‘lanish kasalliklari butun dunyoda sog‘liqni saqlash tizimi uchun jiddiy muammo bo‘lib qolmoqda. Statistik ma’lumotlarga ko‘ra, revmatoid artrit aholining, ko‘pincha mehnatga layoqatli yoshdagi insonlarning 1–2 % ini qamrab oladi. Ushbu jarayonlar bemorlarning hayot sifatini keskin pasaytiradi, nogironlikka olib kelishi mumkin. So‘nggi yillarda qo‘llanilayotgan nosteroid yallig‘lanishga qarshi dorilar (NYaQD), gormonlar va biologik preparatlar yallig‘lanish jarayonini kamaytirishda samarali bo‘lsa-da, ular ko‘plab nojo‘ya ta’sirlarga ega. Shu bois xavfsizroq va samaraliroq yangi dori vositalarini izlash farmakologiya va tibbiyotda dolzarb masalalardan biri hisoblanadi U Aytmuratova A Azamatov F Tursunxodjayeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 547 547 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138767 Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания (ССЗ) продолжают оставаться основной причиной смертности в мире и Республике Казахстан. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, ежегодно от ССЗ умирает более 17,9 млн человек (WHO, 2021). В Казахстане распространенность артериальной гипертензии среди взрослого населения составляет более 25%, что делает проблему её контроля особенно актуальной (Минздрав РК, 2022). Одним из ключевых классов лекарственных средств для лечения ССЗ являются бета- адреноблокаторы (БАБ), которые применяются более 50 лет и занимают важное место в терапии артериальной гипертензии, ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС), хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН) и нарушений ритма. Ш Молайханов Г Рахманова Д Рустамханов М Шакиров Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 548 549 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138768 Pharmaceutical education plays a crucial role in preparing the next generation of professionals who will shape global healthcare delivery. As the industry faces challenges such as emerging diseases, an aging population, and the integration of advanced technologies, it is essential for educational systems to evolve. Future pharmacists must possess the knowledge, skills, and adaptability to address these issues. This study evaluates current educational reforms and explores how pharmaceutical education systems can better align with emerging healthcare trends, technological advancements, and global health crises. The findings offer valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and industry leaders aiming to modernize pharmaceutical education globally Aslam Imran S Yuldashev Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 550 551 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138769 In recent decades, there has been a steady increase in the incidence of skin pathologies — allergic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, as well as various forms of skin irritation caused by adverse environmental conditions, stress, and reduced immunity. According to dermatological practice, up to 20–30% of the population of different age groups experience manifestations of skin hypersensitivity, accompanied by itching, inflammation, and impaired barrier function. Existing dosage forms (ointments, alcohol-based solutions, creams) have limitations: they may cause burning and discomfort, make it difficult to apply evenly over large skin areas, and reduce treatment adherence. In this regard, there is growing interest in remedies based on natural plant and mineral raw materials, which are characterized by mild action, ecological safety, and ease of use A Shaizanda U Umirzakova B Torlanova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 552 552 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/138770 Torasemide is a loop diuretic. When used in low doses, its diuresis rate is similar to that of the thiazide group, and the maximum effect is achieved 2 hours after administration. The drug is rapidly and almost completely absorbed into the blood. In patients with impaired liver function, an increase in the concentration of torasemide in the blood plasma is observed. Therefore, such patients should exercise caution. The toxic effect of torasemide can lead to serious complications such as arterial hypotension, confusion, thrombosis, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction as a result of impaired water and electrolyte balance, increased metabolic alkalosis and excessive diuresis. From the urinary system. In patients with impaired urinary excretion, it can lead to rapid urine output, its retention and overdistension of the bladder. Sometimes the level of uric acid, glucose, lipids in the blood increases. N Abdullabekova Z Usmanalieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 554 555 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/139022 Неизвестные фармацевтические препараты являются частыми объектами исследования судебно-экспертных учреждений. Неизвестные препараты поступают в виде таблеток, порошка и инъекционных растворов в ампулах, которые обнаруживаются на месте преступления. При этом перед экспертами ставятся задачи по установлению его названия, отнесению к тому-или иному списку наркотических средств и психотропных веществ, подлежащих контролю. М Абдуллаева Н Халилова А Боисходжаева З Сидаметова Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 556 557 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/139024 In recent decades, due to the expansion of the consumption of processed foods, the increase in environmental pollutants, and the decline in nutritional quality, the possibility of poisoning with some metals found in foods, such as lead and mercury, has increased. These metals can negatively affect vital organs of the body, such as the brain, heart, and liver, disrupting their function. The present study aimed to investigate how metal toxicity occurs in vital organs of the body and analyze the therapeutic strategies for eliminating their toxins from the perspectives of Rhazes and Avicenna in two valuable books, Al-Hawi fi al-Tibb and Al-Qanun fi alTibb Mohammad Hashemimehr Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 558 558 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/139025 Dairy products are widely consumed by humans and represent an important source of proteins, fats, and minerals for the body. Unfortunately, due to environmental pollution, these products may also contain toxic metals along with other harmful substances. The accumulation of toxic metals in dairy products at elevated levels poses a serious threat to food safety and human health. Therefore, determining the amount of toxic metals in dairy products is of great importance. In this study, the contents of toxic metals such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in certain dairy products were determined using voltammetry, and the results were compared with the permissible hygienic limits Z Asrorova Z Yaxshieva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 559 559 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/139026 Прекурсоры – вещества(уксусный ангидрид, эфедрин, псевдоэфедрин, кислоты, растворители), которые используются при производстве, изготовлении, переработке наркотических средств и психотропных веществ с целью получения более сильнодействующих наркотиков (ацетилированный опий, героин, метамфетамин, ЛСД). Так, эфедрин, псевдоэфедрин могут применяться для приготовления в кустарных условиях наркотического средства - психостимулятора метамфетамина (первитина). М Абдуллаева Н Халилова Н Олимов Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 560 561 https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/139027 One of the most common health issues observed among the population today is iron deficiency. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2023, anemia was diagnosed in 2.24 billion people worldwide, and this number continues to increase daily. In Uzbekistan, anemia has been recorded in 17.5% of men and 31.2% of women. Iron deficiency raises the demand for ironcontaining preparations, which necessitates their production. Currently, the pharmaceutical market offers various types of iron-containing medicines. These preparations are based on iron (Ferrum), but they differ in their main and excipient components, as well as in their dosage forms—such as tablets, syrups, injections, biologically active supplements, and food-like products such as bars known as hematogen. Hematogen lat. Haematogenum in greek αἷμα (blood) and γένος (generation). Sh Muzaffarova M Xamdamov M Nurmatova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 5 10(MPHAPP) 562 562