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translations, can be more consistently resorted to in order to generate modified output due to the
fact that it might not provide the learners with any information regarding the type or location of
the errors made.
Thus, they demand deeper levels of mental processing required by the learners to
produce target-like forms and therefore are more beneficial to high-level learners.
Given the above mentioned findings and studies, it becomes apparent that despite earlier
controversy over the effectiveness of CF provided by teachers on learners’ writing, it is obvious
that CF plays a crucial role in promoting learning processes and eliminates learners’ structural
problems regarding what they produce especially in written form. Teachers should also be
aware of learners’ needs which are the basis for appropriate feedback teachers intend to provide
as there are different types of feedback ranging from explicit to implicit. This is because learners
vary in their knowledge and level of proficiency and therefore, “can benefit from different ways
of providing corrective focus on form”
References
1.
Carroll, S., & Swain, M. (1993). Explicit and implicit negative feedback: An empirical study
of the learning of linguistic generalizations. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 15, 357-
386.
2.
Cathcart, R. L., & Olsen J. W. B. (1976). Teachers’ and students’ preferences for correction of
classroom conversation errors. In J. F. Fanselow, & R. H. Crymes (Eds.), On TESOL ’76, 41-45.
Washington, D.C.: TESOL.
3.
Chaudron, C. (1986). Teachers’ priorities in correcting learners’ errors in French immersion
classes. In R. D. Richard (Ed.), Talking to learn: Conversation in second language acquisition (pp.
64-84). Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
4.
Hattie and Timperley The Power of Feedback
https://doi.org/10.3102/003465430298487
5.
Lyster, R. (2001). Negotiation of form, recasts, and explicit correction in relation to error types
and learner repair in immersion classrooms. Language Learning, 51(1), 265-301
MULTIMODAL COMMUNICATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Tilepbaeva Uldawlet Polatbay qizi, Student of KSU
Abstract:
In the digital age, communication has evolved beyond traditional text-based interactions
to incorporate multiple modes, including images, audio, video, and interactive elements. This
phenomenon, known as multimodal communication, plays a crucial role in shaping online
discourse and human interaction. This article explores the key components of multimodal
communication, including text-visual integration, audio-visual content, and interactive features
found on social media and digital platforms. It also examines the sociolinguistic implications of
this shift, such as the evolution of internet slang, cross-cultural communication, and accessibility
challenges. As digital communication continues to evolve, understanding multimodal interactions
is essential for effective online engagement, education, and media consumption.
Keywords:
Multimodal communication, digital discourse, text-visual integration, social media,
emojis, memes, interactive communication.
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The way humans communicate has evolved significantly with the rise of digital technologies.
In traditional face-to-face communication, meaning is conveyed not only through words but also
through facial expressions, gestures, tone of voice, and div language. In the digital age,
communication has become increasingly multimodal, integrating text, images, audio, video, and
interactive elements. This shift has transformed the way people convey meaning, engage with
content, and interpret messages. This article explores the nature of multimodal communication in
the digital space, highlighting its key components, the role of various digital platforms, and its
implications for human interaction.
Multimodal communication refers to the combination of multiple semiotic resources like text,
visuals, sound, gestures to create and convey meaning. In the digital world, multimodal
communication is present in various formats, such as a text followed by an emoji. Messages
enhanced with emojis to add emotional depth. For example, solely replying “I’m fine” can sound
rude or cold so it is rather appropriate to add a smiling face emoji. Other than emojis Memes and
GIFs are used for showing humor, emphasis and expressing emotions. Video and audio messages
which can be used on platforms like TikTok, YouTube, and voice messages in WhatsApp enrich
communication beyond text. Kress and Van Leeuwen’s Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA)
theory emphasizes that meaning is not derived from one mode alone but through the interaction of
multiple modes [1:26, 2001]. This is particularly evident in digital communication, where users
navigate a rich, multimedia environment.
Traditional written communication has been enhanced by visual elements that influence how
messages are perceived. Emojis, GIFs, and memes have become essential in conveying tone and
emotion, reducing the ambiguity of text-based communication. For example, a simple “okay”
might seem neutral or even passive-aggressive, but adding a thumbs-up emoji clarifies a positive
intention. Social media platforms such as Twitter and Instagram rely heavily on text-image
synergy, where captions, hashtags, and visuals work together to create meaning. Infographics and
digital storytelling also demonstrate how multimodal communication shapes public discourse.
The rise of podcasts, voice notes, and video-based platforms has changed the way people
consume and share information. Short-form video content on platforms like TikTok and Instagram
Reels has become a dominant form of storytelling, often combining speech (verbal
communication), background music or sound effects (audio modality), text overlays (written
communication), visual gestures and expressions (nonverbal communication). These multimodal
elements create a richer experience compared to traditional written or spoken communication
alone. Digital platforms allow users not only to consume content but also to interact with it.
Features like likes, comments, shares, and hyperlinks enhance engagement. Social media reactions
(e.g., Facebook’s “angry” or “love” buttons) provide additional layers of meaning beyond simple
agreement or disagreement. Furthermore, the rise of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality
(VR) introduces new dimensions to multimodal communication, enabling users to experience
rather than just observe digital content.
Research supports the effectiveness of multimodal communication in social media. A study by
Liu et al found that posts containing a combination of text and visual elements (images, GIFs, or
videos) receive significantly higher engagement rates than text-only posts [6:45-67, 2021]. This
suggests that multimodal elements not only attract attention but also enhance message retention
and emotional impact. Similarly, a study by Highfield and Leaver on Instagram culture highlights
how visual and textual elements work together to construct narratives, with hashtags playing a
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crucial role in shaping audience interpretation and discoverability [7:47-62, 2016]. Another study
by Zhao analyzed Twitter’s transition from a text-based to a more multimodal platform and found
that tweets containing images or videos were shared 1.5 times more often than text-only tweets,
showing how multimodal content spreads more effectively in digital spaces [8:22, 2022].
One example of multimodal communication shaping digital discourse is the use of reaction GIFs
and memes on Twitter and Instagram. According to Shifman , memes act as cultural artifacts,
where the combination of an image, text overlay, and a specific format creates shared meaning
across different social groups [9:6,2014]. TikTok trends further demonstrate this, as seen in viral
challenges where the same audio clip is interpreted differently depending on the accompanying
visuals, text captions, and user interactions. This reinforces the idea that meaning in digital
communication is co-constructed through multimodal engagement, rather than being solely
dependent on one form of expression.
Multimodal communication plays a significant role in shaping modern language and culture.
Acronyms, abbreviations and multimodal expressions contribute to a new digital lexicon. Emojis
and visual elements often transcend language barriers, facilitating global communication.
However, some symbols and gestures may carry different meanings in different cultures. While,
multimodal features enhance communication, they also pose challenges for people with disabilities
(e.g., screen readers for the visually impaired may struggle with interpreting images or emojis).
Ensuring inclusive digital communication is a growing area of interest.
In conclusion, multimodal communication in the digital age has reshaped how individuals
create, interpret, and engage with content. The integration of text, visuals, audio, video, and
interactive elements has led to more dynamic and expressive digital interactions. While this shift
enhances communication, it also presents challenges such as cultural misinterpretations and
accessibility issues. As digital technology continues to evolve, multimodal communication will
remain a crucial aspect of human interaction, influencing not only personal communication but
also education, business, and media.
References
1.Kress, G., & Van Leeuwen, T. (2001). Multimodal Discourse: The Modes and Media of
Contemporary Communication.
2.Jewitt, C. (2013). The Routledge Handbook of Multimodal Analysis
3.
Ash J (2015) Sensation, affect and the GIF: toward an allotropic account of affect. In: K Hillis,
Paasonen S, M Petit (eds),
Networked Affect
. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 119–133.
4.
Börzsei, L. (2013). Makes a meme instead: A concise history of Internet memes. New Media
https://works.bepress.com/linda_borzsei/2/
. Accessed 22 June 2020.
5.
Dancygier, B., & Vandelanotte, L. (2017). Internet memes as multimodal
constructions.
Cognitive Linguistics, 28
https://doi.org/10.1515/cog-2017-0074
6. Liu, Y., Yang, Y., & Wang, X. (2021). The Impact of Multimodal Social Media Content on
User Engagement: Evidence from Instagram and Twitter. Journal of Digital Communication &
Society, 12(3), 45-67.
7. Highfield, T., & Leaver, T. (2016). Instagrammatics and Digital Methods: Studying Visual
Social Media, from Selfies and GIFs to Memes and Emoji. Communication Research and Practice,
2(1), 47-62.
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8. Zhao, S., Wu, P., & Xu, J. (2022). From Text to Multimedia: The Evolution of Multimodal
Communication on Twitter. New Media & Society, 24(5), 932-957.
9. Shifman, L. (2014). Memes in Digital Culture. MIT Press.
IMPROVING LEARNERS’ COMPREHENSION SKILLS THROUGH SONGS
Tolıbaeva Mehriban Kongratbay qızı, Student of KSU
Scientific advisor: Kudaybergenova Sapura
Annotation:
The article examines the possibilities of using songs as an effective tool in enhancing
skills.This study is divided into theoretical and practical parts.Within the theory,the affects of
music on human div and health.The last section shows the advantages of music in learning and
improving comprehension skills.
Key words:
music, song, English language, learning,brain, stress, sleep, mood, memory
Learning languages is not as easy as people think.If newcomers have a desire to be
professional or would like to reach accuracy and fluency,they should develop their skills.It would
be better to pay attention to productive skills like speaking and writing as well as they do not
neglect the receptive skills such as listening and reading.Because all of these play essential role in
the lives of people.
There are wide range of ways to improve the comprehension skills.One of the most
common one is listening to songs.The reason is that,according to some researches music can
improve your memory and make it easier to remember things.Additionally listening to music can
lower blood pressure and improve ealth.Music helps stabilize mental, physical, and emotional
rhythms, creating a state of deep focus and concentration that allows for efficient learning and
processing of large amounts of information [1]
We completely agree that music helps stabilize mental, physical, and emotional rhythms,
fostering deep focus and concentration. Music has a unique ability to engage the brain, creating a
harmonious state that promotes efficient learning. For instance, calm and rhythmic music can
lower stress levels, improving mental clarity and emotional stability, while upbeat music can
energize the div, making it easier to process and retain information. This makes music a powerful
tool for enhancing productivity, creativity, and overall cognitive function.
1.Murray aptly points out that songs “provide us with a window into a world that is not our
own, a world that we glimpse and remember thanks to the power of music.” [6]
Murray’s observation beautifully highlights the profound way music connects us to
unfamiliar experiences and perspectives. Songs serve as a bridge, offering insight into diverse
cultures, emotions, and stories that we might not otherwise encounter. This unique ability to evoke
memories and emotions through melodies and lyrics makes music a universal language, capable
of fostering empathy and understanding across boundaries.
2.Music has the power to inspire and calm. People with musical talent often excel in
learning foreign languages because they can better perceive, process, and replicate accents, as
noted by Stansell. Both music and language are forms of communication using sound and
gesture.[7]
