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THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN UZBEKISTAN: THE FORMATION AND
DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN UZBEKISTAN: THE UZBEKISTAN
LIBERAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY
OVLAYOROV ASILBEK ANVAR UGLI
asilbekovlayorov702@icloud.com
Abstract:
This article provides information about the origins and historical development of
political parties operating in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as their activities. Additionally,
it discusses the development of these parties and the efforts made for their growth, highlighting
the advantages of a multiparty system.
Key words:
parties, political, economic changes, international relations, socio-economic, society,
civil society, "National Unity", Young Bukharians, Young Khivans, democratic, education and
science, political reforms
The political life of the Republic of Uzbekistan has been shaped through various parties and
movements before and after independence. After Uzbekistan gained independence in 1991, the
foundations of a new political system began to be established in the country. This process
significantly influenced the establishment of political parties. The emergence and development
of parties in Uzbekistan are linked not only to domestic politics but also to international relations
and economic changes, which have had an impact on the country’s socio-economic development.
Political parties serve as an important means for citizens to express their political activity, protect
their interests, and influence state governance. The process of establishing and developing
political parties in Uzbekistan is crucial for the formation of democracy and civil society in the
country. This article provides detailed information about the history of political parties in
Uzbekistan, their formation, stages of development, and the current political parties present
today. Studying this process is essential for understanding Uzbekistan's political future.
In particular, political parties are political organizations that represent the interests of social
groups and unite their most active representatives. Political parties are a vital part of the political
system of society; they participate in determining the political direction of the state and form the
representative and executive bodies of the government. Although political parties began to
emerge during the revolutions of the 17th-18th centuries, organizations similar to political parties
have existed since ancient times. The historical and social conditions necessary for establishing
political parties in Central Asia began to emerge towards the end of the 19th century and the
beginning of the 20th century. The efforts of Jadids and intellectuals to spread enlightenment
among the people, increase political awareness, advocate for autonomy within Tsarist Russia,
and raise the issue of creating an independent national state are indicative of this (see Jadidism).
However, their aspirations faced resistance from both the Tsarist authorities and local rulers. As
a result, by 1917, politically, theoretically, and organizationally mature political structures had
not yet formed in the region. Political organizations and their leaders that began to emerge on the
eve of and after the October Revolution faced persecution, exile, and deportation (see "National
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Unity," Young Bukharians, Young Khivans). During the Soviet era, establishing any party other
than the ruling Communist Party was prohibited [1].
Concept of Political Party: A political party is a voluntary association formed based on the
common views, interests, and goals of the citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan, aimed at
realizing the political will of a certain part of society in the formation of state power bodies and
participating in the management of state and public affairs through its representatives (Article 1
of the Law on Political Parties) [2]. After Uzbekistan gained independence, opportunities were
created for the formation and operation of political parties. Currently, there are five political
parties in the country: the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan, the "Adolat" Social
Democratic Party of Uzbekistan, the National Revival Democratic Party of Uzbekistan, the
Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan, and the Ecological Party of Uzbekistan. These political
parties carry out their activities based on the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan
(December 8, 1992), the Law on Political Parties (December 26, 1996), other legislative
documents, as well as their charters [3].
The Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (O'zLiDeP) was established on October 4-5, 2003,
by a group of initiators consisting of representatives of small businesses, entrepreneurs, farmers,
a layer of property owners, highly qualified specialists in production, management personnel,
and businessmen. The party aims to express and protect their interests as a national political
organization [4]. O'zLiDeP was founded in 2003 and is focused on promoting liberal-democratic
values in Uzbekistan. The goals and objectives of the party include:
1. Development of Democratic Values: O'zLiDeP aims to promote democratic governance and
protect human rights and freedoms. The party seeks to engage citizens in political processes and
ensure their voices are heard.
2. Economic Development: The party supports economic reforms and strives to implement
programs aimed at developing a market economy. This includes fostering the private sector,
attracting investments, and creating jobs.
3. Social Justice: O'zLiDeP aims to ensure social justice by creating equal opportunities for all
segments of society, improving the social protection system, and implementing programs aimed
at enhancing the well-being of the population.
4. Education and Science: The party supports reforms in the education sector and seeks to
introduce modern knowledge and technologies. Improving the quality of education, preparing
youth for modern professions, and supporting scientific development are among O'zLiDeP's core
tasks.
5. Development of Civil Society: O'zLiDeP focuses on forming and developing civil society. The
party encourages non-governmental organizations, social movements, and cooperation among
citizens.
6. International Cooperation: The party aims to develop international relations and enhance
Uzbekistan's global standing. To achieve this, it is necessary to expand cooperation with
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international organizations and protect the country's interests.7. Political Reforms: O'zLiDeP
supports the implementation of political reforms, which leads to the deepening of democratic
processes in the country and the expansion of political party activities. The goals and objectives
of O'zLiDeP serve the political and economic development of Uzbekistan and are aimed at
ensuring stability, progress, and social justice in the country. The party strives to prioritize
Uzbekistan's independent development and the interests of the people.
In conclusion, O'zLiDeP plays an important role in Uzbekistan's political life. Its establishment
and development are seen as a result of efforts aimed at promoting democratic processes,
implementing economic reforms, and ensuring social justice in the country. The future of
O'zLiDeP is closely linked to the political and social changes in the country, as it seeks to
prioritize the interests of the people in its activities. Additionally, the existence of other
opposition parties fosters competition and development. Multipartyism is a crucial component of
democratic systems, providing political diversity, competition, and accountability. However, for
it to function effectively, healthy competition and cooperation between political parties are of
significant importance.
References:
1.
https://uz.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyosiy_partiyalar
2.
https://lex.uz/acts/-54191
3.
https://uz.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekistonsiyosiypartiyalari
4.
https://uzlidep.uz/oz/menu/sajlovlar
