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УДК: 616.314-089.819.843 – 615.015.15-336.144
https://doi.org/10.34920/min.2021-3.017
PREDICTING THE LIFE OF A DENTAL IMPLANT USING MATHEMATICAL
MODELING METHOD
M.T. Safarov
1
, S.A. Asemova
2
1
Associate professor of the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry
2
Master student of the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry
ABSTRACT
Today, dental implantology is considered one of the most optimal solutions to the problem
of toothlessness, the most convenient method for treating partial restoration of the dentition or
dentition of edentulous jaws without damaging the adjacent teeth (8,12,19). Predicting the life of
dental implants is an important issue in developing a treatment plan for a successful implantation
(1,7). For this, we have created a program that uses mathematical methods and statistics of
implanted patients. The program is based on the most important factors related to the longevity of
dental implants, the tissues surrounding the implant and the patient's general health as well as
lifestyle. In fact, the success of dental implants depends on more than 50 factors, and the selection
of the most important ones is a very important aspect when developing a program. In this regard,
we used the method of expert analysis. The program is designed for access by implantologists and
orthopedic dentists and is consistent with the results of worldwide experiments conducted in recent
years.
125
In this article, we provide detailed information about the program
"Forecasting the service
life of dental implants" (PSFDI.exe).
Keywords:
prognosis; program; dental implantation; prosthodontics; periimplantitis;
dentoalveolar system.
ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ СРОКА ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ДЕНТАЛЬНОГО
ИМПЛАНТАТА МЕТОДОМ МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ
М.Т. Сафаров
1
, C.A. Асемова
2
1
Доцент кафедры госпитальной ортопедической стоматологии, ТГСИ
2
Магистр кафедры госпитальной ортопедической стоматологии, ТГСИ
АННОТАЦИЯ
На сегодняшний день дентальная имплантология считается одним из наиболее
оптимальных решений проблемы адентии, наиболее удобным методом лечения частичного
восстановления зубного ряда или зубного ряда беззубых челюстей без повреждения соседних
зубов (8,12,19). Прогнозирование срока службы зубных имплантатов - важный вопрос при
разработке плана лечения для успешной имплантации (1,7). Для этого мы создали
программу, использующую математические методы и статистику имплантированных
пациентов. Программа основана на наиболее важных факторах, связанных со сроком службы
зубных имплантатов, тканями, окружающими имплантат, и общим состоянием здоровья
пациента, а также образом жизни. Фактически, успех дентальных имплантатов зависит от
более чем 50 факторов, и выбор наиболее важных из них является очень важным аспектом
при разработке программы. В связи с этим мы использовали метод экспертного анализа.
Программа предназначена для доступа имплантологов и стоматологов-ортопедов и
соответствует результатам всемирных экспериментов, проведенных в последние годы.
В этой статье мы предоставляем подробную информацию о программе «Прогноз срока
службы зубных имплантатов» (PSFDI.exe).
126
Ключевые слова
: прогноз; программа; дентальная имплантация; протезирование;
периимплантит; зубочелюстная система.
ABSTRACT
Dental implantology is expected to play a key role in the rehabilitation of the dentition in the
future (5,17). Dental implant - when combined with the jaw bone, serves as a base element for
bridges and removable dentures. Complications and errors should be avoided so that the implant
can grow into the bone without complications or ensure long service life (6,16,18). Among the
various complications, bleeding, infection and pain in the area where the implant is located are
associated with early complications. Lack of osseointegration in the early stages of maturation,
infection of the peri-implant tissues, and fracture of the implant are the reasons for the destruction of
the implant (14). Osseointegration of dental implants consists of 3 consecutive stages, which are
bone regeneration directly on the surface of the implant:
-
The first and most important stage of osseointegration is osteoconduction. This includes
the attraction and migration of osteoblasts to the implant surface through the remnants of a blood
clot formed around the implant;
-
The second stage is direct bone formation as a result of bone matrix mineralization -
osteoinduction. Osteogenic cells form a bone matrix when they reach the surface of the implant. At
this stage, the processes of contact and distant osteogenesis proceed in parallel;
-
The third stage is bone remodeling, consisting of a long cycle of bone resorption and
formation, which stabilizes 18 months after the implantation surgery (2,3,10,15).
Thus, given the variety and dynamics of the processes associated with the installation of an
implant into the bone, the following should be observed (9,11,13):
-
minimization of alterations and exudate products in primary inflammatory reactions to
implantation;
-
Significant stimulation of proliferative processes by translating them into osteoinduction;
-
general reduction in the duration of osseointegration of implantation;
-
stabilization of the processes of resorption and ossification;
-
ensuring long-term dynamic stability of implants after surgery.
Only if osseointegration is successful can we make a long-term prognosis of implantation.
Naturally, it is also important to exclude infection of the peri-implant tissues (2,3,4).
Purpose of the study:
prediction of the period of functioning of dentures on dental implants
using mathematical modeling method.
127
We were able to create a program by analyzing the results of our research and the data
collected so far in the field of implantology. The program is called Dental Implant Life Prediction
(PSFDI.exe). The program was registered in the Intellectual Property Agency of the Republic of
Uzbekistan.
Scope: department of hospital orthopedic dentistry, department of surgical dentistry and
dental implantology, dental clinics that provide services using dental implants.
This software product is designed to predict the life of a dental implant.
Functionality and specifications: The software calculates the effective service life of fixed
dentures based on dental implants. It also allows you to determine the wear rate of the implant and
the functional state of the tissues surrounding the implant. The basic factors influencing the
duration of the dental implant activity were taken as the basis for the calculations.
Impact category: IBM Pentium
Operating system: Windows 7
-
Program size: 32.77 kb.
-
Programming language: Visual BASIC 6.0
Figure 1. The face of "Forecasting the service life of dental implants" (PSFDI.exe)
The program predicts the service life of dental implants at intervals of 30 years. The
program used the following formulas.
Definitions:
K - coefficient of invalidity
Sg - implant life
128
Sum - the sum of points
Pr - forecast of the service life of the implant
X (i) (i = 1, 14) - values of indicators (in points)
Sum = X (1) + X (2) + x (3) +… .. + X (14)
K = 3 * Sum / 37
Here is the sum of the maximum 37 points.
{Pr = Sg – K * (Sg – 3) /3}
The program works as follows:
The program memory included factors affecting the life of the implant, and each of them
was rated according to its severity.
For example:
Place of implantation:
Points:
o
Mandibular Anterior
1
o
Mandibular posterior
4
o
Maxillary anterior
2
o
Maxillary posterior
3
Table 1. Place of implantation and given points
During patient input, the program collects points according to the sum calculation formula:
[Sum = X(1) + X(2) + x(3) + … . . + X(14)]
and the amount is determined by the following formula to determine the invalidity
coefficient K:
〈K = 3 * Sum / 37〉
Taking into account the 30-year interval, the forecast is made:
{Pr = Sg - K * (Sg - 3) /3}
The necessary information is entered into the program:
129
Figure 2. Entering data into the program "Forecasting the service life of dental implants"
(PSFDI.exe)
The following key factors are included in the program memory: patient age, gender,
implant location, bone density, prosthesis type, smoking, chemotherapy or steroid treatment,
periodontal disease, implant length and diameter, hygiene level, pressure on the dental system,
implant placement technique. After entering you will receive the result by pressing the "
SCORE
"
button:
Figure 3. Get a prediction using the Dental Implant Life Prediction Tool (PSFDI.exe).
The result can be printed on paper by pressing the "PRINT" button.
130
Results and discussion.
So, according to the data that we entered to test the program, a male
patient 45-60 years old with diabetes, who was not treated with chemotherapy and steroids, but who
smoked and suffered from periodontitis, the implant was placed in the frontal region of the upper
jaw using a two-stage technique we can predict that it will serve almost 15 years.
Testing of the program is still ongoing at the department of department of hospital
orthopedic dentistry, the department of surgical dentistry and dental implantology of Tashkent State
Dental Institute. We aim to give their general conclusions in the following articles. Discussing the
main disadvantages of the program, the program did not cover all 50 factors affecting the life of
dental implants. In the future, the discussion of testing the program will be taken into account and
we planned to perfect it.
Conclusion. ‘
Dental Implant Life Prediction (PSFDI.exe)’ is a completely new program that
is based on mathematical modeling method. This program gives accurate information about the
period of functioning of dental implants. It can be applied at the department of hospital orthopedic
dentistry, department of surgical dentistry and dental implantology, dental clinics that provide
services using dental implants.
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