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УДК: 616.314-611.061.6-612.087
COMPARISON OF DETERMINATION METHODS
TEETH COLORS
Ziyadullayeva Nigora Saydullayevna
Scientific supervisor candidate of medical science Tashkent State Dental Institute Uzbekistan
Tashkent
Xojimurodova Nigoraxon Alisherovna
Master Student of Tashkent State Dental Institute Uzbekistan Tashkent
Relevance
In the practice of modern dentistry, due to the increased aesthetic requirements, one of the
factors that determine the success of prosthetics with all-ceramic, metal-ceramic, zirconium dioxide
orthopedic structures is the correct and accurate determination of the color of the teeth and the
reconstruction of its anatomical shape and function according to the age of the patient.
This allows achieving high aesthetic quality of orthopedic constructions and reducing the incidence
of expensive re-prosthetics.
The teeth color is determined by the dentin, with translucent enamel, which is playing a lesser role
through scattering at wavelengths in the blue range [3]. It was reported that: shade selection is a
crucial clinical step during prosthetic treatment [4]. During the visual teeth color determination it is
suggested that the first impression is frequently the best match, and shade matching trials should be
limited to 5 seconds at a time to prevent eye fatigue, because the vision pigment is used up quickly
in the mechanism of color perception. Many times in the dental literature has been given the
recommendation to relax the eyes by observing a blue card between two shade matching trials
(because blue and yellow are complementary colors) [5].
An adequate analysis of the shade of the teeth, as well as the reproduction of their color in order to
maximize the imitation of the natural appearance, is one of the most difficult tasks of practical
dentistry in the rehabilitation of patients using different types of restorations.
Shade matching systems continue to evolve, but so far none of them can provide a sufficiently
objective result.
Various protocols for the analysis of tooth color have been known on the market for many years, but
most of them provide efficiency only for the chewing group of teeth, or only for the initial analysis
of the aesthetics of the frontal region, based on the parameters of photographs and modifications of
the algorithms for their visualization and processing.
The Vita company also introduced the Vita
EASYSHADE® spectrophotometer for tooth shade matching. Shade evaluation with the
spectrophotometer used in that study showed a high degree of correlation with visual shade
determination of the color of natural teeth . The oldest color system was created by Albert H. Munsell
in 1905. Consists from three attributes—hue (H), value or lightness (V) and chroma (C), denoted as
H/V/C. Value/Lightness is the quantity of light reflected by an object compared to a pure white
diffuser (reflecting 100%), and a black absorber (absorbing all incident light with no reflection). If a
material reflects most of the light falling on its surface, it appears bright, i.e. it has a high value.
Towards the center of the color wheel, no hue dominates and becomes less and less saturated [1]. Hue
is described with the words we normally think of as describing color: red, purple, blue, etc. It is also
a term which describes a dimension of color we readily experience when we look at color.
The action of many factors complicates the process of objectifying the color analysis of
teeth and its reproduction. These are the different illumination of the area of interest, which distorts
the color perception effect of the final restorations, the use of aesthetic materials of different quality,
and the individual difference in color perception among people participating in dental treatment.
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The factor of the latter is also influenced by what kind of shade matching system each of the
participants in the rehabilitation process uses. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the complex
morphology of the tooth, its shape, surface texture, as well as the corresponding shine - all these are
parameters that cannot be ignored in the process of treating any tooth.
Keywords:
Teeth Color, Visual Perception, Spectrophotometer, Accordance
Purpose:
formation of the concept and development of a universal method for determining
the color of teeth, to compare methods for determining the color of teeth.
Material and methods
. We examined 40 patients with defects in the coronal part of the
teeth, which were divided into 4 groups of 10 patients each. In patients of the first group, a doctor
and a dental technician determined the color of the teeth by a visual method using the VITAPAN
Classical color scale. In the second group, the doctor determined the color of the teeth by visual and
colorimetric methods using a VITA EasyShade spectrophotometer (VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany), the
dental technician used the visual method.
In patients of the third group, a doctor and a dental technician determined the color of the teeth by
visual and colorimetric methods. In patients of the fourth group, the doctor determined the color of
the teeth only by the colorimetric method, the dental technician used the visual method during his
work.
The quality criteria for the restoration were determined visually by a physician, patient, or dental
technician under standard lighting conditions.
An “ideal” assessment does not show the difference between the color of the restoration performed
and the color of the teeth in the patient's mouth. The difference between the color of the restoration
and the color of the teeth in the patient's oral cavity, visible to the physician, was rated as “good”.
When judged “satisfactory”, the difference between the color of the restoration performed and the
color of the dentition in the patient's mouth was noticeable by both the doctor and the patient.
Results.
When analyzing the results obtained, it was revealed that in patients of the first
group, the number of ideally performed restorations was 51%. In this group, 47% of the restorations
were rated “good”, and the number of works rated “satisfactory” was 2%.
In the second group, the number of perfectly executed works increased to 60%, and 40% of the
restorations were rated “good”. In the third group, the result with the “perfect” rating reached 80%,
and 20% of the work was the work with the “good” rating.
There were no restorations rated “satisfactory” in the second and third groups. In patients of the fourth
group, the percentage of "ideally" performed work decreased to 38%. 52% of jobs rated “good” and
10% “satisfactory” were completed.
Conclusions .
The best aesthetic result of the restoration is obtained when using the visual
and colorimetric method both by the doctor and the dental technician. However, the indirect
restoration takes three times longer than usual, therefore, from a practical point of view, the use of a
combined method of determining the color of teeth by a dentist is optimal.
List of used literature
:
[1
] Hugo, B., Witzel, T. and Klaiber, B. (2005) Comparison of in Vivo Visual and Computer-Aided Tooth
Shade Determination. Clinical Oral Investigations, 9, 244-250.
[2] Culpepper, W.D. (1970) A Comparative Study of Shade-Matching Procedures. Journal of Prosthetic
Dentistry, 24, 166-173.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(70)90140-X
[3] Paul, S., Peter, A., Pietrobon, N. and Hämmerle, C.H.F. (2002) Visual and Spectrophotometric Shade
Analysis of Human Teeth. Journal of Dental Research, 81, 578-582.
[4] Klemetti, E., Matela, A.M., Haag, P. and Kononen, M. (2006) Shade Selection Performed by Novice Dental
Professionals and Colorimeter. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 33, 31-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-
2842.2006.01531.x [23] Sykora, O. (1983) Fabrication of a Posterior Shade Guide for Removable Partial
Dentures. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 50, 287-288.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(83)90033-1
[5] Goodkind, R.J. and Schwabacher, W.B. (1987) Use of a Fiber-Optic Colorimeter for in Vivo Measurements
of 2,830 Anterior Teeth. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 58, 535-542.
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[6] Li, Q. and Wang, Y.N. (2007) Comparison of Shade Matching by Visual Observation and an Intraoral
Dental Colorimeter. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 34, 848-854.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-
УДК: 616.313-009.1-036:616.98-009.62
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ДИСКРИМИНАЦИОННОЙ ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЯЗЫКА
ПРИ ГЛОССАЛГИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ, ПЕРЕНЕСШИХ COVID-19 НА ЭТАПЕ
РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ
Камилов Хайдар Позилович д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой
Госпитальной терапевтической стоматологии, Ибрагимова Малика Худайбергановна
д.м.н., доцент кафедры, ассистент кафедры Камилова Адиба Закирджановна
Ташкентский государственный стоматологический институт, Ташкент,
Узбекистан
РЕЗЮМЕ
Представлена
статья,
посвященная
актуальной
проблеме
Терапевтической
стоматологии определению дискриминационной чувствительности языка при
глоссалгии у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19 на этапе реабилитации
Цель: определить дискриминационную чувствительность языка при глоссалгии у
пациентов, перенесших COVID-19 в стадии реабилитации.
Материалы и методы
: в исследование включены 88 пациентов в возрасте от 35 - 70 лет, из
них 51больных с глоссалгией, перенесшие COVID 19 и имеющие воспалительные заболевания
СОПР включены в основную группу, из них 36 женщин, 15 – мужчин; 37 пациентов
глоссалгией, не болевшие COVID 19, из них 29 женщин, 8 мужчин составили группу
сравнения; 20 здоровых лиц служили контролем. Осмотр полости рта пациентов с глоссалгией
проводили при обращении пациентов в поликлинику терапевтической стоматологии ТГСИ,
при этом заполняли стоматологическую анкету, осуществляли фото- и видеодокументацию.
Средний возраст больных составил 52,57 ±1,20 лет.
Провели определение глубокой дискриминационной чувствительности языка, основанный на
измерении в единицах длины (мм) циркулем Вебера зоны слизистой оболочки языка.
Исследования проводились при комнатной температуре 18-20 градусов с применением
циркуля Вебера. Бранши циркуля Вебера одновременно касаются обследуемого участка
слизистой оболочки кончика языка. При этом определяли минимальное расстояние между
участками слизистой оболочки языка, когда исследуемый пациент четко отличал
прикосновение обоих браншей циркуля.
Результаты исследования и обсуждение.
Следует отметить, что при измерении
циркулем Вебера дискриминационная чувствительность кончика языка составила
2,92±0,01мм в основной группе, 2,45±0,01мм - в группе сравнения, в контрольной группе у
здоровых лиц дискриминационная чувствительность составила 1,1±0,01 мм. Из полученных
результатов измерения, проведенных у пациентов обеих клинических групп, следует, что
глубокая тактильная чувствительность была достоверно (р<0,01) снижена у больных
глоссалгией, особенно у лиц, перенесших COVID 19 (основная группа) и пациентов с
глоссалгией, не болевших COVID 19 по сравнению с контрольной группой
Выводы:
Представленные результаты исследования, полученные у
пациентов с
глоссалгией, перенесшие COVID-19 отмечается достоверное (р<0,01) снижение
дискриминационной чувствительности языка, что еще раз доказывает психоэмоциональную
природу глоссалгии, перенесших COVID-19 в периоде реабилитации
.
Ключевые
слова:
глоссалгия,
определение
дискриминационной
чувствительности языка, циркуль Вебера
