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2. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February
7, 2017 No. UP-4947 “About Strategy for the Further Development of the
Republic of Uzbekistan”.
3. Rubtsov B.B. Trends in the development of global stock markets / B.B.
Rubtsov // Published a collective monograph “The World Stock Market and
Russia's Interests”. - M .: IMEMO RAS. - 2016.
4. Compiled by the author based on materials. Source:
https://quote.rbc.ru/news/article
Guzal Abirova, Senior Teacher, Tashkent Branch of Plekhanov Russian
University of Economics, Uzbekistan.
Mekhriniso Mamaeva, Senior Teacher, Tashkent Branch of Plekhanov
Russian University of Economics, Uzbekistan.
MAIN DIRECTIONS OF INTEGRATING SCIENCE AND EDUCATION IN
UZBEKISTAN
G. Abirova, M. Mamaeva
Abstract. The article discusses topical issues of improving the system
of continuing education, training highly qualified personnel and increasing
the intellectual and technological potential of the country. There also
determined main directions of the integration of science and education in
Uzbekistan on the basis of the adopted Program for the integrated
development of the higher education system in 2017-2021.
Keywords: structural reforms, continuing education system, legal
support, innovative technologies, integration of science and education.
Structural transformations over the years of independence in
Uzbekistan and the need to implement a set of socio-economic objectives
contributed to the formation in the Republic of coherent system of
continuing education of modern type.
The country adopted the most important laws that laid a solid
foundation for the creation of holistic system of continuing education: Law
of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Education” and “On National Program for
Personnel Training”. As a result of their implementation over this short
historical period, fundamental changes have taken place in the essence of
the education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, an appropriate legal
framework has been created, which sets training of an educated and
intellectually developed generation as a priority.
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Fundamental changes have occurred in the organization of higher
education system. A two-stage system consisting of bachelor and master
degree programs was introduced, classifier of education areas and master's
specialties was approved, for each of which state educational standards
were developed and applied in practice.
At present stage of implementation of the main directions of Strategy of
Actions in Uzbekistan, a great attention is paid to issues of integration of
science and education. A lot of work is purposefully carried out to further
improve the system of postgraduate education, system of training and
certification of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel is being
improved. In accordance with Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the
Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to further improve the system of
postgraduate education and certification of scientific and scientific and
pedagogical personnel of higher qualification”, system of retraining and
advanced training of pedagogical personnel of higher educational
institutions was improved, the work of Head Scientific and Methodological
Center for the Organization of Retraining and advanced training of teaching
and management personnel of higher education under the Ministry of
Higher and Secondary Specialized Education, 10 industry and 5 regional
centers for retraining and advanced training of teaching staff of universities.
In general, training of highly qualified personnel is crucial in improving
intellectual and technological potential of the country. In particular, in
Strategy of Actions on five priority areas of the development of the Republic
of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021, one of the most important priority areas of the
social sphere is a development of the sphere of education and science:
continuation of the course of further improvement of the system of
continuing education, increasing the availability of quality educational
services; dramatic improvement in the quality and effectiveness of higher
educational institutions through the introduction of international standards
of education.
The most important task defined in the Strategy of Actions is to
stimulate research and innovation, create effective mechanisms for
introducing scientific and innovative achievements into practice, create
specialized scientific laboratories, high technology centers, and technology
parks at higher educational institutions and research institutes [1].
The adopted Program for the Integrated Development of Higher
Education System in 2017-2021 provides for specific directions for the
development of education in Uzbekistan. Currently, the republic not only
operates a system of continuing education, but also institutes of trainee-
research-applicants and senior research associates are organized.
During the new stage of development, a number of higher education
institutions in the Republic of Uzbekistan doubled, a number of foreign
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branches and joint faculties of leading universities is growing, work on the
creation of private universities has begun, which will increase the
opportunities for young people to get quality education in selected
directions.
Further improvement and comprehensive development of higher
education system in Uzbekistan is associated with solving the most
important tasks of increasing intellectual and spiritual potential of the
younger generation, widespread introduction of advanced pedagogical
technologies in the educational process, establishment and expansion of
promising partnerships between educational institutions of the country and
foreign scientific and educational institutions; formation of target
parameters for the training of personnel with higher education,
strengthening of scientific potential of higher educational institutions,
further development of university science, strengthening of its integration
with academic science, increasing efficiency and effectiveness of research
activity of teaching staff, involvement of gifted students in scientific
activities and many other tasks.
In accordance with the Law "On Science and Scientific Activity" adopted
in the Republic of Uzbekistan on October 29, 2019, one of the main areas of
the sphere of science and scientific activity is to achieve competitiveness and
effectiveness of the national economy through the development of science
and scientific activity [2].
It should be noted that in the Republic of Uzbekistan a lot of attention is
paid to creating favorable conditions for attracting young people to scientific
activities. In this regard, the most important normative legal acts have been
adopted, in particular, they include the Resolution of the Cabinet of
Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 19, 2018 "On measures on
further improvement of the system of attracting young people to the
scientific sphere", the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic
of Uzbekistan from "On the establishment of Youth Innovation Center under
the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan”,
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan from May 3, 2019 “On
measures on organization of continuous system for identifying gifted youth
and training highly qualified personnel”, Decree of the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan from August 30, 2019 “On measures on
improvement of the system of attracting young people to science and
support its initiatives.”
The state supports scientific associations of young scientists in scientific
organizations and educational institutions, in production and other
industries. According to the current Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On
science and scientific activity”, appropriate conditions must be created in
scientific organizations and higher educational institutions for young
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scientists and students to carry out scientific activities. In the Republic, the
main directions for the development of scientific activity are identified,
talented youth are selected for their participation in the development of
promising innovative projects, measures have been taken to organize
training centers, special classes, new training courses; to create specialized
schools, boarding schools.
The integration of science and education is currently necessary to
implement competency-based approach. Today it is important to improve
the quality of the educational process, improve teaching methods, and
strengthen students' motivation for scientific research in various fields of
activity. At the same time, as a result of critical analysis of the results of the
work carried out to study the state of the higher education system in
Uzbekistan, a number of shortcomings in educational process were
identified in 2017. It was established that in a number of higher educational
institutions the scientific and pedagogical potential is still at a low level,
educational and methodological and informational support of educational
process does not meet modern requirements, and material and technical
base needs to be systematically updated.
As it is noted in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Shavkat Mirziyoyev “On Measures for Further Development of Higher
Education System” from April 20, 2017 “in higher education system, work is
not being carried out properly to establish close partnerships with leading
foreign specialized scientific and educational institutions, widespread
introduction of advanced international experience in the educational
process, especially on the basis of internships and advanced training of
promising teachers and scientific personnel in these institutions” [3].
It is necessary to raise the level of demand for graduates in the labor
market. For this, it is necessary to stimulate the interaction of universities
and production in the scientific and technical sphere, create necessary
conditions that would enable entrepreneurial organizations to more widely
attract future specialists to fulfill production tasks.
Also, according to the document, educational and research
organizations that carry out applied and innovative research and
development work carried out on the orders of enterprises are exempted
from paying corporate income tax, single tax payment, value added tax and
mandatory contributions to state trust funds up to January 1, 2022 [4]. The
creation of modern educational laboratories in the universities of the
Republic, as well as inter-university research laboratories, contributed to
the increase in the scientific potential of universities. So, in 2018, 672
research projects worth 47.9 billion soums were completed at universities
of the republic, including 187 basic research projects, 337 applied research
projects, 142 innovative projects [5].
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Further improvement and comprehensive development of the higher
education system is associated with the solution of the most important tasks
for widespread introduction of advanced pedagogical technologies in the
educational process, establishment and expansion of promising
partnerships between educational institutions of the country and foreign
scientific and educational institutions, formation of target parameters for
training personnel with higher education, and strengthening the scientific
potential of higher educational institutions, the further development of
university science, strengthening its integration with academic science,
increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of research activities of the
teaching staff, involving gifted students in scientific activities and many
other tasks.
Today relevant issue is an improvement of legal regulation of the
development of the integration processes of science, education and
production. The program for the comprehensive development of the higher
education system for the period 2017–2021 provides for the development
and approval of a regulatory framework governing the development of
international cooperation between higher educational institutions and
foreign partner educational and scientific institutions [6].
In particular, it provides for the approval of the organization of
international cooperation between higher educational institutions and
specialized foreign research and educational institutions-partners,
including the determination of mechanisms and forms for implementing
multilateral partnerships (exchange, internships, joint educational
programs, etc.), introduction of mechanisms for assessing the effectiveness
of partnerships between higher education institutions educational
institutions with foreign educational and scientific institutions. Wide
attraction to the educational process in higher educational institutions and
industry centers of retraining and advanced training of highly qualified
foreign scientists, teachers and specialists will be of great importance in
solving the tasks.
In the Republic there conducted targeted work to create a regulatory
framework for the organization of integrated master's education programs
by developing and implementing, together with leading foreign universities,
training of masters in the agreed double degree programs; implementation
of academic mobility programs to send lecturers and promising young
teachers for short-term (semester) internships at foreign universities and
educational research centers; implementation of student exchange
programs to send prospective undergraduates for studying at foreign higher
educational institutions and business schools.
In Uzbekistan serious measures are taken to strengthen and modernize
material and technical base of higher educational institutions, providing
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them with modern educational and scientific laboratories with necessary
equipment, means of modern information and communication technologies.
Development of economic sectors based on the achievements of
scientific and technological progress, rapid development of high-tech
industries, acceleration of the introduction of innovative scientific
developments in mass production - all this presents new requirements for
science, education and business. Their effective development depends on
timely implementation and use of innovative technologies.
Currently, measures have been taken on further development of basic
research, creating a solid foundation for applied research and innovative
developments. To this purpose, the Decree of the President of the Republic
of Uzbekistan “On measures to further improve the activity of the Academy
of Sciences, organization, management and financing of research activities”
was adopted. It defines specific tasks for the further development and
strengthening of scientific potential of the country, strengthening the role of
science in socio-economic development.
In order to ensure accelerated innovative development of all sectors of
the economy and social sphere, the Decree of the President of the Republic
of Uzbekistan “On establishment of the Ministry of Innovative Development
of the Republic of Uzbekistan” was adopted. The Ministry will act as a single
customer of state scientific and technical programs and projects, coordinate
the work of government bodies, research, information and analytical
institutions and other organizations to implement innovative ideas, ensure
development of innovative curricula, technologies, and make proposals for
radical improvement of scientific and research activities, system of
introducing its results into practice [7].
In the conditions of commercialization of scientific developments, a
system of innovative entrepreneurship was established in the conditions of
commercialization of scientific developments according to the scheme:
“scientist - bank - entrepreneur”.
As part of commercialization of scientific developments, projects were
prepared with a total value of 149.5 billion soums, volume of developed
scientific products exceeded 18 billion soums.
Grant competitions are held on the basis of the state order. This
contributes to the targeted use of funds allocated for the development of
science and expansion of international cooperation.
The development of economic spheres with the assistance of science is
facilitated by ongoing thematic competitions, thereby supporting new
inventions by scientists and researchers. For example, in 2019, on the basis
of the state order, tenders were announced for 187 relevant thematic
projects, 766 projects were submitted (on average, 4 projects per project
Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19)
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order). According to the results of scientific examination, 117.2 billion
soums were allocated for 147 projects [8].
In order to additionally finance research and innovation projects, the
World Bank reached an agreement on attracting $ 50 million of concessional
loans allocated for commercialization.
By concluding business contracts for the provision of educational
services in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity with various business
structures, higher educational institutions have broad prospects for the
application of scientific achievements in industry.
It should be concluded that the acceleration of the processes of
integration of scientific, educational and industrial activities will contribute
to increasing the competitiveness of economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
and potential for training scientific personnel meeting international
standards will increase.
References:
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Strategy of
Actions for further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan” dated
07.02.2017. “Narodnoye slovo” newspaper. February 8, 2017
2. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On science and scientific activity”.
No. ZRU-576 of 10.29.2019. Source: http://www.lex.uz/.
3. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated April 20,
2017 N PP-2909 “On measures for further development of higher education
system”. “Narodnoye slovo” dated April 21, 2017 No. 79 (6743).
4. Report of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev
at the meeting on further development of higher education, improving the
quality of training, expanding the integration of science and production.
[Electronic resource]. URLhttps: //www.uza.uz (date of access 10.25.2018.)
5. Adylova Z.D. Interaction of integration of science and education in the
conditions of innovative development of the economy. http://ifmr.uz/wp-
content/uploads/2018/11/
6. Program for the comprehensive development of higher education
system for the period of 2017-2021. https://www.norma.uz /
7. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On
establishment of the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of
Uzbekistan” dated 29.11. 2017 No. UP-5264.
8. https://uza.uz/ru/society/uzbekistan
9.https://uza.uz/ru/society/uzbekistan-idet-po-puti-razvitiya-
nauchno-obosnovannoy-stabi-12-06-2020
