Ferghana valley, independence and development of rural infrastructure

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learning. Didactics is a developing field that expands its theory by combining
research and teaching. Innovative solutions are needed to meet challenge
and respond to the challenges of learning and teaching in digital age with
intensive use of information and communication technologies. One of these
solutions is based on application of engineering methodology to study
teaching and learning processes.

References :
1. COVID-19 Impact on Education // Website en.unesco.org

(https://en.unesco.org/COVID19/educationresponse). Viewed 05.2020.

2. Platonova T.E. Problem of introduction of technologies of digital

economy at present stage of development of economic education in Russia
// Bulletin of Altai Academy of Economics and Law. 2019. No. 5-1. - p.116-
120; URL: https://www.vaael.ru/ru/article/view?id=470 (accessed date:
10.06.2020).

3. Didactic activity. URL: https://www.ngpedia.ru/id472p1.html

(accessed date: 10.06.2020).

Abdukhalimov Abdurakhman Abdumuminovich Andijan State Medical

Institute Head of "Working with youth, spirituality and enlightenment"

department, Andijan

FERGHANA VALLEY, INDEPENDENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL

INFRASTRUCTURE

A.Abdukhalimov

Abstract: the article analyzes the Fergana Valley Village Infrastructure

Development for years of independence on the basis of archives.

Keywords: action strategies, rural, housing, land, natural gas and

drinking water.

Today, leading politicians and experts of the world are assessing the

new stage of socio-economic development of the country. Indeed, the idea
that “The public institutions should serve the people, not the people's public
institutions” has become the main subject of state policy in our country
today.

Dear Head of State Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoev, in his address to

the Oliy Majlis on December 22, 2017, said, “We all should not forget the fact
that the only source of the law and the author must be literally people”[1].

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In recent years, a number of Decrees and Decrees have been issued by

the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan to develop the country, improve
the lives of people and further improve their living conditions.

In particular, in the five priority directions of the development of the

Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021, the Action Plan identifies concrete
tasks for the next five years. The fourth direction of the strategy of action is
directly directed to the social sphere, which includes employment, real
income growth, social protection, health care, medical care, increase of
women's socio-political activity in society, creation of cheap and nanny
houses, promoting livelihoods, promoting education and science, and
improving youth policy[2].

It outlines a number of challenges for the rural population to achieve

decent living, livelihoods, rural infrastructure development, and
construction of exemplary cheap housing units.

If we analyze the work carried out in these directions in the past period,

the population of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 1989 was 19,780.0 thousand,
of which 59.3% lived in rural areas[3].

By 2010 the population of the republic reached 29123,4 thousand

people. During this period, 14,226.0 thousand people lived in rural areas.
The population of the Republic is 31575.3 thousand in 2015 and 15869.7
thousand live in rural areas[4]. Of course, provision of housing to the
population is one of the most important and priority tasks. And as of 1989,
only the rising part of the population was provided with a perfectly
furnished home in Uzbekistan. “In rural areas, there are 240,000 families.
More than 1.8 million yards are needed for housing and agricultural
production”[5].

This situation could have been observed throughout the country,

including in the densely populated Ferghana Valley. As it is known, on
August 17, 1989, at the Government meeting of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
the issue of allocation of land and individual plots for the population was
discussed, and an average of 25 hectares of land was allocated to each rural
resident.

In 1990-1992, the Andijan region received land plots for more than

106,000 houses[6]. In accordance with the Decree of the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan I.Karimov January 11, 1991, on January 1, 1992, in
addition to the population of Andijan region, 8749 hectares were allocated
for further development of private households and improvement of housing.
Of these, 39,134 new families have been allocated to expand 4,123 hectares
of land and 4626 ha of land to 69,214 households.

In all areas, except for Shahrihan and Boz districts, the assignments for

land allocation have been fully met[7].

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According to statistical data, 1219.8 thousand square meters of housing

was built and commissioned in rural areas of Uzbekistan in January-March
2009[8].

It is well known that the implementation of the programs on eliminating

the gap between rural and urban areas, improving the social conditions in
the villages and providing them with drinking water and natural gas is of a
political significance. The decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan of July 28, 1990 played a great role in eliminating the plight of
the villages. It was tasked with supplying the rural population with gas and
drinking water. In 1992 alone 432 cubic meters of gas pipelines were laid in
Farghona region. 18,660 households were gasified. However, in all the cases
except for Yozyovon, Rishtan and Ferghana districts were allowed to slow
down.

There were 1164 villages in Ferghana region, of which only 420 had

access to gas and drinking water. The situation in this area was particularly
worrying in Besharyk, Tallar and Uchkuprik districts[9].

The Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan

of May 21, 1996 “On the Development Program of Rural Social
Infrastructure of the Republic of Uzbekistan till 2000” became another
important document confirming the strong social policy pursued by the
Government.

This program served as a plan to substantiate important tasks that

should be taken to improve the living standards of the rural population by
2000.

The program aims at shaping a decent life style for the population on

the basis of further improvement of rural life, trade, public catering, public
education, medical, cultural, community service, housing construction and
communication.

The Andijan Regional Program for the Development of Rural Social

Infrastructure for the period up to 2000 has been developed and approved
by the regional governor's office.

According to the program, in 1996-1997 30 rural bridges, 12 thousand

200 secondary schools, hospitals for 160 places, 881 thousand square
meters of housing, 763 km of gas, 119 km of water networks, less than 20
thousand square meters of trade , Catering for 13 thousand places and 155
domestic service objects were commissioned. 42 rural doctors' outpatient
clinics, medical aid stations were transformed into rural health centers[10].

Of course, as a result of population growth in rural areas, their needs for

drinking water also increase. During the first six months of 2007, 89.8 km of
new drinking water supply networks, 48.94 km of drinking water supply
networks, 28 wells, 32 wells, 30 new pumps were repaired in 103 rural
settlements of Ferghana region and 22 major pumps were repaired.

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In the first half of the year, the plan to improve drinking water supply

in 42 settlements has been fully implemented. Additionally, drinking water
supply has been resumed in 54 villages in addition to 12 additional ones.
The Ipoeka Bank allocated 300 million soums for these purposes, 142 water
pipes were installed and 43,71 km of drinking water pipelines were
assembled[11].

In conclusion, it is possible to say that in the years of independence, the

country has increased the employment of population, social protection of
citizens and their health, development of transport, engineering-
communication and social infrastructure, improvement of gas supply,
improvement of quality of social services to vulnerable groups, Improving
the status of public life in the country, reforming the healthcare system,
ensuring the accessibility of pre-school education institutions, legal
education, to improve the quality of secondary and higher education, along
with a number of activities such as the construction of housing in rural areas
a lot of work has been done.

President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoev dwelled on

the work carried out in our country in his appeal to the Oliy Majlis on
December 22, 2017, "Taking into account the needs and aspirations of our
people, we started to implement this year the project on construction of
cheap housing on preferential mortgages. In the cities and villages, more
than 3,5 million square meters of typical houses and multi-storey houses
have been built. If we compare this number to previous years, we see that
20 times more than in 2007, 3,5 times more than in 2010, when compared
to 2010, and 2 times more than in 2014"[12].

He also dwelled upon the work being done in the five key priorities of

the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021: “2018 - Year of Support for
Innovative Entrepreneurship, Innovative Ideas and Technologies”. “The
population, especially young families, taking into account the needs of the
citizens, we are consistently continuing to work on building cheap and high
quality housing. To this end, specific plans have been developed to increase
the scale of construction of typical and affordable housing by 2018 by 1,5
times compared to the current year”[13].

Indeed, these reforms are a clear indication that human interests are

superior to everything in our country.

References:
1.

Appeal from the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat

Mirziyoev to the Oliy Majlis. Tashkent – “Uzbekistan” - 2018. 4 pages.

2.

The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On

Strategy of Action for Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan”.
Official Fifth Edition. Tashkent: “Adolat” - 2018. Pages 21-26.

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3.

State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

https://stat.uz

4.

State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Annual

statistical collection. Tashkent:, 2017. 41 pages.

5.

Karimov I.A. Uzbekistan is on the threshold of independence.

Tashkent: “Uzbekistan” 2011. 57 p.

6.

Andijan Regional Department of the Archives of the Presidential

Administration of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 4141-savings, 1-list, 20-
volumes, 69 sheets.

7.

Andijan Regional Department of the archives of the Presidential

Administration of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 4141- savings, 1-list, 25-
volumes, 125 pages.

8.

Ferghana region state archive. 1220-savings, 1-list, 59-volumes, 50

pages.

9.

Ferghana region state archive. 1220-savings, 1-list, 59-volumes, 50

pages.

10.

Andijan Regional Department of the archives of the Presidential

Administration of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 4141- savings, 13-list, 43-
volumes, 42 pages.

11.

Fergana Regional Department of the archives of the Presidential

Administration of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 2048- savings,18-list, 5-
volumes, 25 pages.

12. Appeal from the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat

Mirziyoev to the Oliy Majlis. Tashkent – “Uzbekistan” - 2018. 9 pages.

13. Appeal from the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat

Mirziyoev to the Oliy Majlis. Tashkent – “Uzbekistan” - 2018. 66 pages.

G.M.Artykbaeva, PhD in biology, senior researcher, Institute of biophysics

and biochemistry at the National University of Uzbekistan named after

Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan

Problems of modeling of new generation vaccine against a flu virus

G.M.Artykbaeva, R.S.Salikhov, A.Mamadjanov, T.S.Saatov

Abstract: We have done comparison of hemagglutinin amino acid

sequences of a flu virus type A. The conservative and unique fragments of
hemagglutinin were revealed. Beside the fragments, it was found that they
are inherent for flu virus only. The information can be used for synthesis
peptides with expected functions. Probably, this will be useful for
production a universal vaccine against a flu virus.