Morphometric signs of copper bees under the conditions of Uzbekistan

Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19)

43

Farida Kuldasheva, PhD student, senior lecturer, Tashkent state agrarian

university, Uzbekistan

MORPHOMETRIC SIGNS OF COPPER BEES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF

UZBEKISTAN

F.Kuldasheva

Abstract: the results of a morphometric analysis of honey bees in

Uzbekistan are presented. The different nature of the seasonal variability of
the exterior signs of honey bees in different zones of the Tashkent region,
the influence on their manifestation of external environmental conditions
was studied.

Keywords: morphometric analysis, cubital index, torsal index, width,

wing length, proboscis length, mass of working bees, working bee, front
wings, hind wings.

The relevance of the work. Carpathian bees won the sympathy of many

beekeepers and began to be massively used in apiaries of the Republic of
Uzbekistan. There are several factors which contributed to this case. Firstly,
high market demand, secondly, the ability to efficiently breed, and thirdly,
high honey productivity compared to local bees. Carpathian bees bred in our
country come from the mountainous regions of Transcarpathia. Annually,
about 1,500 fetal pedigree queens of the Carpathian breed of the 77th line,
mainly pedigree apiaries of V. A. Gaidar from the Transcarpathian region of
Ukraine, enter the Republic of Uzbekistan, especially the Ferghana Valley
[1].

In this regard, the question of studying various aspects of the vital

activity of bees of this breed, especially seasonal variability, is an acute issue.
Recently, the natural conditions affecting the life of bee colonies has
undergone a significant change under the influence of humans. Bees often
do not have time to adapt to them, and as a result, local breeds are less
adapted to climate variability than imported ones [2].

A.N. Melnichenko (1978), V. G. Kashkovsky (1989), believe that during

the acclimatization of animals, first of all, behavior changes, and then the
exterior [3]. In this connection, for the purpose of work, it was to study the
seasonal variability of morphometric characters of working individuals of
Carpathian bees in conditions in the mountain and steppe zones of the
Tashkent region.

Research Methodology. In the steppe and mountain soil-landscape zone

of the Tashkent region in the summer of 2018-2019, an analysis of the
morphometric characteristics of working bees was carried out. For this, we
selected two apiaries from the steppe Kibray district and the mountain
Parkent district of Tashkent region.

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The taxonomic affiliation of working bees was established according to

the generally accepted method [4], 10 standard exterior features were
measured: proboscis length, length and width of the front wing, length and
width of the 3rd to 4th tergites, number of leads on the hind wing, and
cubital index. The results were compared with the standard of the
Carpathian breed - Apis mellifera carpatica. Bee samples were taken from
10 families in the mountain apiary and from 10 families in the steppe apiary.
50 bees were selected, they were fixed with boiling water, and then they
were stored in 70% alcohol. A total of 700 bees were examined. The data
obtained were compared according to the method of V. A. Gubin (1976)
morphological signs of Carpathian bees [5].

Processing of samples was carried out in the laboratory "Beekeeping" of

the scientific research institute of livestock and poultry of the Republic of
Uzbekistan. MBS-10 binocular microscope was used to measure the
samples; statistical data processing was performed in the Microsoft EXCEL -
2007 program.

The results of the study. We were able to trace the difference between

the bees of the mountain and steppe zones, as well as the seasonal variability
of the exterior features within each group. The comparison was carried out
with bees grown in the mountain and steppe zones in the summer. The
results of morphometric measurements of working bees in the mountain
and steppe zones of the Tashkent region are shown in the table.

Table 1

The results of morphometric measurements of working bees in the

mountain and steppe zone of the Tashkent region

Signs

Carpathian
breed
standard

Regions

Mountain Parkent

Steppe Kybray

M±m

C

v

, %

M±m

C

v

, %

Proboscis length,
mm

6,6-7,0

6,73±0,02

2,13

6,72±0,01

2,35

Front wing length,
mm

9,6-10.0

9,7±0,04

9,6±0,03

Front wing width,
mm

3,2-3,5

3,18±0,03

3,08±0,01

Cubital index,%

2,3-3,0
(45-50%)

46,6±0,49

12,36

45,7±0,39

12,26

The number of
leads on the rear
wing, pcs

19-22

21,27±0,16

7,6

21,38±0,19 8,2

Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19)

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The length of the
3rd tergite, mm

2,2-2,5

2,48±0,01

1,15

2,52±0,02

1,16

Width of 3rd
tergite, mm

4,4-5,1

4,85±0,01

3,55

4,77±0,01

3,09

The length of the
4th tergite, mm

2,1-2,4

2,09±0,01

1,10

2,20±0,02

1,11

Width of 4th
tergite, mm

4,3-5,0

4,50±0,02

3,01

4,55±0,021 3,12

Weight, mg

104-110

109,2±1,12

107,1±1,09

Discoidal
mixing,%

No less
than 85
Typically
95-100

90

82

According to the data, it can be seen that in bees growing in the

mountain zone in summer, the proboscis length was 6.73 mm, the wing size
was 9.7-3.18 mm, the size of the third tergite was 2.48-4.85, the discoid
displacement was 90, and the cubital index significantly increased than bees
in the steppe zone. The size of tergite 4 decreased than that of bees in the
steppe zone and amounted to 2.09-4.50 mm. The average weight of working
individuals was 109.2 mg. A completely different nature of the variability of
exterior features is present in bees of the steppe zone. Here, depending on
the timing of withdrawal, only the sizes of the 4th tergite were observed, the
number of hooks on the hind wing was greater than the mountain zone, all
dimensional signs decreased, with the exception of the 4th tergite and the
number of hooks, in the bees grown in summer all sizes of signs were
significantly smaller than the bees mountain zone.

Conclusions: all of the above suggests that the honeybees of the

mountain zone were larger than the steppe. In our opinion, such a course of
variability of exterior features in different zones is explained primarily by
the different duration of the beekeeping season: if in the mountain zone the
period of sampling of bees covered the entire active season of their life, then
in the steppe zone it fell only in the middle. In addition, this is apparently
due to the different locations of apiaries above sea level; in the mountain
zone, apiaries are located much higher, so the bees here developed in more
severe climatic conditions.

Thus, it can be said that the nature of local and seasonal variability of

exterior features in Carpathian bees from the mountain and steppe zones is
different.

References:
1.

Суяркулов

Ш.Р.

«Карпатки

Ферганской

долины»

ж.

«Пчеловодство», №6, 2010

Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19)

46

2.

Гайдар В.А., Левченко И.А. «Сравнительная оценка карпатских и

украинских пчел» ж. «Пчеловодство», №8, 2003

3.

Земскова Н.Е., Саттаров В.Н., Туктаров В.Р. «Состояние и

сохранность

медоносный

пчел

на

территории

Крыма»

ж.

«Пчеловодство», №5, 2016

4.

Алпатов В.В. Породы медоносной пчелы. - М: Колос, 1948

5.

Гайдар В.А. «Морфо этологический стандарт карпатских пчел»

ж. «Пчеловодство», №6, 2004

Mamajonov Dilshodbek Adxamovich lecturer, Yuldashev Rashid

Yigitaliyevich lecturer, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan

THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES IN

OLYMPIC EDUCATION

D.Mamajonov, R.Yuldashev

Abstract: This article examines the principles of advocacy and their

importance in the organization of Olympic education, and provides
conclusions and practical recommendations. Olympic education, with its
educational features, requires specific organizational principles and plays a
special role in the organization of this educational process.

Keywords: Olympic education, Olympism, Olympic values, Olympic

movement, principles of propaganda

It is necessary to involve young people in sports, as well as to promote

the humane ideas and values of sports. In doing so, first and foremost, the
athlete must cultivate a person, a citizen, who can defend the honor of the
homeland, fight honestly, resist rudeness, greed, use of force and evil which
truly destroy both sports, society and the individual (Author's Team, 2017).

Today, the education of young people is undergoing great changes, and

new directions are emerging in education. One of these areas is Olympic
education.

The concept of Olympic education was first formulated in 1968 at the

8th session of the International Olympic Academy and has since been
regarded as one of the types of humanitarian education (Ivanov, 2011).

Today, every city that is bidding for an Olympic Games is required to

outline its plans for an Olympic education initiative. Theoretically these
initiatives should be based on the shared values of the Olympic Movement.
The challenge for all who believe that sport and physical activity provide a