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conviction, purposefulness, dignity and many others are formed. In addition,
they develop public communication skills and their own image. This is a
necessary condition for the successful activity of a specialist in modern
society. From all of the above, we can conclude that the case method is a
truly effective means of enhancing the independent work of university
students, has significant functionality, meets the needs of the revolution in
education. At the same time, it differs not only in the educational effect
associated with obtaining professional knowledge and skills, but also in
influencing the socialization of students and the formation of their personal
qualities.
Reference:
1. Zimnyaa I.A. Pedagogical psychology. - Rostov: Publishing house
"Fenix", 2017. P. 341.
2. Pedagogical technology: a training manual / under total Edition of V.S.
Kukushin. â Series "Teacher Education". - Rostov Publishing Center âMartâ,
2017.- p 320.
3. Problems of students' independent work activities. Materials of All-
Union seminar meetings. - Perm: Publishing house of PSU, 2012.
4. Situational analysis, or the Anatomy of the Case method / Edition of
Surmin Y.P., Doctor of Sociology sciences, Professor - Kiev: Center for
Innovation and Development, 20162. â p 86.
A. Sh. Nurmamatov, D.I. Khuzhamberdieva - Senior teachers, Regional
Center for the Training and Continuing Education of Public Education
Workers in Surkhandarya Region
STUDENT MEMORY DEVELOPMENT AND ITS PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS
A. Sh. Nurmamatov, D.I. Khuzhamberdieva
Ðnnotation. The author of the article describes that in the features of
psychology, memory is one of the foundatations of the mechanism that is
related directly to cognitive processes and ensures the effectiveness of other
processes, its peculiarities, types, laws of its development: strong
impressions, paying special attention to such laws as braking. Empirically,
features of memory were studied in school students, the results obtained
were analyzed psychologically, conclusions were given, and practical
recommendations on strengthening memory were given at the end of the
article
Keywords: knowledge, memory, memorial principals: knowing,
interests, background knowledge, remembering, impressive.
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In the first decade of the last century, the study of human memory received a
new scientific interpretation, a fundamentally new approach to the problems of
its material basis.
It was from this period that a sharp turning point in the scientific study of
memory psychology in the field of psychology emerged. Academician I.P. Pavlov
proposed a scientific method for studying the theory of conditioned reflexes. I. P.
Pavlov's research, in turn, provided an opportunity to study the basic
physiological mechanisms of the formation and strengthening of new neural
connections in the cerebral hemispheres. The conditions that contribute to the
formation and maintenance of neural connections, the conditions that affect their
maintenance, the factors and their mechanisms have been proven. I. P. Pavlov's
theory of higher nervous activity and its basic laws, in turn, became the main
source of knowledge about the physiological mechanisms of memory.
The famous Russian psychologist LS Vygotsky (1896-1934) was the first to
study the gradual study of high forms of memory in children. In the late 1920s,
LSVygotsky chose the problem of developing higher forms of memory as the
subject of his special scientific work, and in collaboration with his students LN
Leontyev (1903-1979) and LV Zankov, he acknowledged that higher forms of
memory are complex forms of mental activity. reached At the same time, he
showed in his methodological recommendations the development of complex, in
essence, the main stages of memorization (1) .
Based on the research of psychologists A. A. Smirnov, P. I. Zinchenko, new
laws and psychological mechanisms of memory were studied, the dependence of
memory on the purpose of activity and rational methods of remembering
complex material were developed. However, exploring ways to increase the
efficiency of memory processes in enriching students' imaginations is still a
pressing issue.
After all, memory is the most important, defining feature of a person's
spiritual life. Memory is not only the reflection of "past" events in the brain, but
also the most important mental feature of all mental processes, the unity and
integrity of the human person (1).
One can only remember a very small part of what one sees, feels and hears. It
turns out that it is difficult to store information in the human mind with more than
7 characters at a time, if it is not memory-capable. These can be seven words,
numbers, symbols, and shapes of things. Research on memory has shown that if
phone numbers were 8 characters long, it would be more difficult to remember,
which means that the selectivity of the mind and the use of data sorting and
collecting is another mental process, namely, the service of memory. when
needed (5).
Usually, people try to remember information without any changes.
Surprisingly, however, more and more information is subject to certain changes
and is stored in memory with changes relative to the original time. The
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preservation of some information does not depend on a person's will, some of
which may not be erased from one's memory even if one wishes to, or, conversely,
others may not be remembered even when one has a very strong desire.
It turns out that the human brain stores all kinds of information. If this
information is unnecessary for a person, or does not change, and its duration is
not linked, it will be lost from memory. But it is always important to remember
the information that is in the best interests of our profession. Therefore, many
people deliberately engage in memory training and development methods.
Memory is a complex mental process of a person that involves remembering,
remembering, recalling, and forgetting any information related to our experience.
In short, memory is a reflection in our minds of information related to any
experience. The efficiency of memory, the ability of our emotions, the content of
what we see and experience to be fully stored in our brains depend on the
following factors:
- the degree of completion of the current memory-related activity;
- the person's interest and inclination to the work in which he is engaged;
- the person's current mood;
- human willpower and aspirations.
Different scientists have different answers to the question of why a person
stores this or that information. For example, physiologists attribute the cause to
neural connections in the brain, while biochemists attribute it to ribonucleic acid
(RNA) and other biochemical changes (1).
Psychologists, on the other hand, have always associated memory with
human activity, its significance for the individual, and the nature of motives.
Because the orientation of a person, his position in life and the level of
development of his abilities depend on the content of memory.
It is important to increase the efficiency of memory, to cultivate it in the
process of learning and work. Because often, the most active among people, the
most educated among students, at a glance, differs from others by the power of
memory.
Memory efficiency is related to the size of the memory, the speed, the
duration of the memory, the accuracy of the recall. Accordingly, we can distinguish
the following qualities of memory:
- those who remember information quickly;
- those who remember information for a long time;
- a category of people who can easily remember information at any time.
Some people's memories are called innate. It is true that the higher nervous
system of a person, its specific performance characteristics can determine the
specific individual style of memory. However, in life, they often talk about the
characteristics of a person's cognitive processes and the ability of the sensory
organs to function. For example, some people remember what they see very well,
which means that their memory is figurative, and they do not understand the
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essence of the thing until they see it with their own eyes. Others find it difficult to
remember unless they think for themselves, say their names, and imagine them
abstractly. Such people are representatives of the word-logical memory.
Another characteristic is that people remember well what they have felt
directly, "experienced", in which they left a bright emotional image, such people
are the owners of emotional memory. But there are other memory owners who
call them phenomenal memory owners.
Psychological sources provide a wealth of information about people with
phenomenal memory. These are people who have the ability to remember and
recall a relatively large amount of information at the same time. For example,
there are reports that the memory of such historical figures as Julius Caesar,
Napoleon, Mozart, Gauss, chess master Alexin, and 1988 Oscar winner Kim Pik
was such a unique feature. Kim Peak, an American, read 7,600 books and
memorized them (2, 5).
There are various legends that the memory of Amir Temur is unique. For
example, he knew not only the names of his subordinates, but also the names of
his father, and addressed them directly at meetings. This quality has contributed
to the growth of his reputation among his subordinates. The famous American
President Abraham Lincoln surprised others by showing such a phenomenal
memory in relation to his relatives and employees associated with his work.
Well-known Russian neuropsychologist A.R. Luria deliberately studied the
memory of one such person, Shereshevsky, a journalist by profession. His
memory was such that he was able to recite it verbatim 15 minutes after taking a
long look at a long passage from Dante's The Divine Comedy. The comedy was
written in an unfamiliar Italian language. While many were interested in how to
remember well, Shereshevsky found it difficult to forget. The images of his
memory are always painful, and what he sees is vivid. How do you remember
him? "I'll post the 'information' on the streets of Moscow, which I know and love,"
he said. Once upon a time, a piece of information fell into the shadows of that
"street" and was very difficult to remember. Similarly, each phenomenal memory
possessor had his own style of recollection (2, 5).
In 1933, the Scottish mathematician A. Etkin remembered two lines of 25
unrelated words and was able to recall them 27 years later without any mistakes.
A few minutes later, I. Weiss, a Russian spy in the film "Sword and Shield," glanced
at the list of military objects planned by the Nazis, which were to be completely
destroyed in the first place. Remember thatng. He repeats the same lists as if he
saw them. There are such people in history, and they do not exist among us, for
example, the Uzbek mini-players Shokhrukh Mirzo Rakhmonov and Husniddin
Ismailov. The important thing is to be able to use this phenomenal memory
effectively in the interests of the individual and society (5).
In our study of students' logical memory, we used the "remember word
sequence" and "remember number sequence" methods. Using a series of 20
Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19)
83
words and numbers on the first and second methods with the students, we
were able to observe differences in the level of recall with respect to word
and number-related tasks based on our experience. The process of
memorizing material on assignments with eight unrelated words in each
row of words and 8 random numbers from 1 to 100 in the row of numbers
was studied and the following results were obtained. We entered.
Student Memory Test Methods
(1- drawing)
Сomment: differences in student memory.
Based on the results, we concluded that the students in the research
group had different levels of logical memory in verbal and numerical tasks.
This suggests that we believe that students have difficulty remembering
information related to mathematical operations
In short, in order to achieve a goal in all areas, a person performs the
necessary activities using the means, methods, techniques and tools that suit
him. That is, the goal is set, and the action is based on the available
opportunities. The development of memory and cognitive processes is the
basis for the development of the younger generation as a knowledgeable and
enlightened person. In the process of imparting modern knowledge to young
people, the teacher should pay special attention to the development of their
cognitive processes, in particular, the development of memory and thinking
skills.
Here are some practical tips for developing students' memory:
- Regular study of the characteristics of students' memory using
psychological methods and practical assistance in its formation;
- Conducting developmental exercises with students with poor memory;
- Consistent collaboration between science teachers and school practice
psychologists to develop students' memory, and so on.
If we can organize the motives of students 'learning activities on the
basis of these recommendations, it means that students' memory will be
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formed and they will have more memory opportunities in relation to
learning activities.
References:
1. Goziyev E. G. General psychology. Tashkent. 2002. 2 k
2. Dyusenbayev A. R. Psychophysiological bases of intuitive,
instrumental and intellectual abilities. Talented children of Uzbekistan.
Materials of the Republican scientific-theoretical conference. - Termez :,
1992. 34-38 p
3. Ismagilova F. S., Nishonova Z. T. The use of mental games in the
development of students' mental abilities. - Tashkent .:, 1993. 5-17 p.
4. Kadyrov BR, Kadyrov KB Collection of professional diagnostic
methods.
- Tashkent .: âUniversitetâ, 2003. 60 - 93 p.
5. Rahmonov Sh. M. Rediscover perfect memory or brain abilities. -
Tashkent :, 2014. 13 - 65 p.
Oshchepkova Julia Igorevna, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Head of the
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Chemistry, Institute of Bioorganic
Chemistry, Uzbekistan
Abdullaev Bayat Fattakhovich, Junior Researcher, Institute of Bioorganic
Chemistry, Uzbekistan
Khudoyberdiev Tokhir Alisherovich, Research intern, Institute of
Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan
Zhabbarov Zhamshid Tuychievich, Junior Researcher, Institute of
Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan
IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHOD FOR ISOLATING CHOLESTEROL FROM
ANIMAL BRAIN TISSUE
J. Oshchepkova, B. Abdullaev, T. Khudoyberdiev, Zh. Zhabbarov
Abstract: Cholesterol and its derivatives are used in the production of
liquid crystals, in pharmacology as a component of dosage forms and
diagnostic tools, as a precursor to steroid drugs. Cholesterol in the
composition of the cell plasma membrane plays the role of a bilayer
modifier, giving it a certain stiffness due to an increase in the density of the
"packing" of phospholipid molecules. In this work, an improvement is made
in the technology for producing cholesterol from biological material.
Keywords: phosphosolipids, cholesterol, drugs.
