No. 6 (2024) Science and innovation in the education system

Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) stands as one of the most prevalent and debilitating complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), significantly impacting the quality of life of affected individuals. As a chronic microvascular complication, DPN results from prolonged hyperglycemia and vascular damage, leading to dysfunction and damage of peripheral nerves. This condition manifests through a spectrum of sensory, motor, and autonomic disturbances, with symptoms ranging from numbness and tingling to pain and muscle weakness. Additionally, DPN poses a considerable risk for complications such as foot ulcers, infections, and lower limb amputations, thus underscoring its clinical significance and socioeconomic burden.

Spondylodiscitis, a term encompassing vertebral osteomyelitis and discitis, represents a challenging infectious condition affecting the thoracic and lumbar spine. This pathology involves inflammation and infection of the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs, leading to significant clinical implications. Understanding the impact of spondylodiscitis on the thoracic and lumbar spine is essential for appreciating the importance of improving its diagnosis and surgical treatment.

Эмотивность является важным аспектом художественных текстов, поскольку она позволяет передать эмоциональную составляющую произведения и вызвать отклик у читателей. Лексические средства языка играют ключевую роль в выражении эмотивности, поскольку они способны создавать насыщенные образы и передавать эмоциональную окраску текста. В данной статье мы рассмотрели различные лексические средства, используемые для выражения эмотивности в художественных текстах и исследуем их эффект на читателя.

This article explores the role of technology in enhancing students' creative abilities. The integration of technology in education offers numerous opportunities to foster and develop creativity in students. By utilizing digital tools for creative expression, collaboration platforms, gamification, augmented and virtual reality, coding and robotics, and personalized learning technologies, educators can provide students with innovative learning experiences that stimulate their creative thinking and problem-solving skills.

This article explores adverbial phraseological units in the English and Uzbek languages, focusing on their characteristics, classification, and cultural significance. Adverbial phraseological units are an essential component of language, providing nuances and expressions that enrich communication. Through a comprehensive literature review, this research examines the unique features of adverbial phraseological units, their idiomatic nature, translation challenges, and impact on cross-cultural communication. The article highlights the importance of understanding and mastering adverbial phraseological units in both languages to enhance language proficiency and promote intercultural understanding. By delving into the intricacies of these expressions, learners can bridge linguistic and cultural divides, fostering meaningful connections and mutual respect across cultures.

It should be noted that over the years of independence, a favorable investment climate has been formed in Uzbekistan; a wide system of benefits, preferences and guarantees to protect the rights and interests of foreign investors has been legislatively established.

According to summary data, the incidence of liver abscesses varies from 8 to 15 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year, and the mortality rate ranges from 5 to 26%. To improve the effectiveness of treatment of patients with liver abscesses by improving the technique of local intra-arterial antimicrobial therapy. We analyzed the results of surgical treatment of 83 patients with liver abscesses who were in the department of purulent surgery and surgical complications of diabetes mellitus at the multidisciplinary clinic of the Tashkent Medical Academy from 2016 to 2023. In the first group, 5 complications occurred (6.0%): in 3 patients, biliary bleeding. 1 has a right-sided hydrothorax. 1 fatal outcome is the cause of the breakthrough of abscesses into the abdominal cavity and the addition of hepatic - renal insufficiency. The use of minimally invasive techniques in the treatment of liver abscesses in combination with long-term intra-arterial catheter therapy is highly effective and in the future requires a more detailed approach to this method.

Mazkur maqolada shaxs ma'naviyati millat ma'naviyatining ajralmas qismi ekanligi, shaxs va millat ma'naviyatini shakllantirishda milliy qadriyatlar, urf-odatlar, adabiyot va sanʼat muhim o'rin tutishi, buyuk ajdodlarimizning millatimiz ma'naviyatiga qo'shgan fidokorona xizmatlari hamda o'zbek millati bilan boshqa millatlar o'rtasidagi ma'naviy-madaniy munosabatlar ko'rsatib o'tilgan.

Thіs artіcle hіghlіghtes a number of questіons that mіght arіse as develop our productіve skіlls assessment tasks. We begіn by suggestіng a number of task types that mіght be useful іn classroom.

Maqolada 1920-1924-yillar buxoro xalq sovet respublikasi matbuoti, “buxoro axbori” gazetasi, uning faoliyati, amalga oshirilgan ishlar, gazetaning ommaviyligi va o‘qimishligini ta’minlashda bosh muharrir said ahroriyning dolzarb muammolarga bag‘ishlangan maqolalari mazmuni, cho‘lponning nashr isho‘laridagi samarali faoliyati, gazeta nashrlaridagi tanqidiy, real hayotni tasviflovchi materiallar haqida ma’lumotlar berilgan.

Ushbu maqola sun'iy intellekt (SI) texnologiyalarining rivojlanishida neyrochiplar, maxsus matritsali kuchaytirgichlar  va neyroemulyatorlarning muhim rol o'ynashini o'rganadi. SI tezkor rivojlanishda davom etar ekan, ushbu maxsus texnologiyalarning ta'siri va salohiyatini tushunish muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Neyrochiplar sun'iy neyron tarmoqlarini jismoniy ifodalash orqali hisoblash samaradorligini va tezligini oshiradi, bu ularni energiya cheklangan qurilmalar uchun, masalan mobil va IoT ilovalari uchun juda mos qiladi.

Maqolada talabalarning badiiy – obrazli tafakkurini rivojlantirishda ta’lim texnologiyalaridan foydalanishning o‘ziga xos ahamiyati, rivojlangan mamlakatlarda tasviriy san’at yo‘nalishi talabalarining badiiy va tasviriy fikrlash qobiliyatlarini rivojlantirish maqsadida ta’lim sohasida qo‘llanilayotgan ta’lim turlari mazmuni, talabalarda ijodkorlik va innovatsiyalarni rivojlantirish yo‘llari haqida ilmiy asoslangan fikrlar hamda xorijiy tajribalar haqida so‘z boradi.

Bu maqola sun’iy intellekt sohasida qarorlar daraxti va uni kiritish algoritmi mavzusiga aloqador muhim ma'lumotlar takidlangan. Maqola qarorlar daraxti algoritmi va uni kiritishning maqsadlarini, tuzilishini, ma'lumotlar kiritish jarayonini, asosiy maqsadlarini, ma'lumotlarni qayta qarash jarayonini, natijalarini va ularning o'zlariga oid muhim nuqtalarini o'z ichiga oladi. Bu ma'lumotlar analitikasi sohasidagi qaror qabul qilishning asosiy asoslari bilan tanishish va ularni amaliyotda foydalanishga yordam beradi. Maqola o'quvchilarni qarorlar daraxti mavzusida bilim olishga qiziqtirishga xizmat qiladi va ularning ma'lumotlar analitikasi va qaror qabul qilish jarayonlarini tushunishiga olib keladi.

Ushbu maqola dasturlashda ko'p uchraydigan tushunchalardan biri bo'lgan berilganlarni o'zgartirish operatori haqida to'liq ma'lumot beradi. Maqola operatorning asosiy vazifalari, turli dasturlash tillarida qo'llanilishi va amaliy misollar orqali tushuntiriladi. Shuningdek, berilganlarni o'zgartirish operatorining samaradorligi va dasturlashdagi ahamiyati ko'rib chiqiladi.

Цирроз печени – одна из важнейших причин смертности во многих регионах мира и в нашей стране. Известно, что у пациентов с циррозом печени нарушения функции сердца, систолическая/диастолическая дисфункция и электрофизиологические аномалии.

The article deals with the pragmatic sides of the symbol text language. It states that each type of communication needs some information for intercourse as well as virtual communication. The virtual communication is realized through some language means either a written or a verbal form. The article mainly underlines the importance of new communication means such as symbol texts in the written discourse and gives some information about the origin of the term too. The author uses some symbols in some situations and explains their pragmatic meanings in the contexts. The article drew the attention to the terms used by Saussure F.de., such as signifier and signified. It states that the signs are considered to play a crucial role in the pragmatic sides of the symbol text language.

Термин горючие ископаемые или ископаемое топливо относится к органическим остаткам растений, заключенным в осадочных породах. Все живые организмы построены из клеток. В любой из них можно различить клеточную оболочку и клеточное содержимое. Последнее включает в себя углеводы, протеины, жиры, масла, нередко другие вещества, например, холестерин, хлорофилл, ферменты. Стенки клеток построены, как правило, из целлюлозы, которая в некоторых растениях (например, древесных) инкрустирована лигнином. Чем проще организовано растение, тем больше относительное содержание в нем клеточного содержимого. В высокоразвитых растениях вещества клеточной оболочки в процентном отношении преобладают над содержимым клеток.

Ushbu maqola klasterlash metodlari va ularning turli sohalarda qo'llanilishini tahlil etadi. Klasterlash - bu ma'lumotlar to'plamini o'xshashlik yoki masofa asosida bir-biriga yaqin guruhlarga ajratish jarayoni. Bizning tadqiqotimiz klasterlashning o'rtacha algoritmi, maksimum masofa algoritmi, ISODATA algoritmi va maksimallashtirishni kutish algoritmi kabi asosiy usullariga qaratilgan. Har bir algoritmning matematik asoslari, afzalliklari va cheklovlari ko'rib chiqiladi, shuningdek ularning amaliy dasturlari misollar orqali tushuntiriladi.

Age-related characteristics of 1-year-old larvae of turnip moth were studied. The changes that occur in the body parts of the worm after hatching and until the end of the 1st year or the time of hatching are described.

В статье рассматриваются определенные сложности освоения учащимися некоторых грамматических категорий русского языка - одного из самых сложных в мире. Показаны основные особенности родного языка учащихся, затрудняющие освоение изучаемого (русского) языка.

Данная статья анализирует лексический аспект преподавания русского языка как иностранного в школьной среде. Исследование охватывает различные методы и подходы к обучению лексике, включая семантические и морфологические аспекты, а также стратегии расширения словарного запаса и углубления понимания лексических единиц.

Saadi Shirazi, also known as Sheikh Saadi, was a Persian poet and prose writer of the medieval period. His works have transcended time and geography, influencing literature and thought across the world. This article explores the life, works, and legacy of Saadi Shirazi, shedding light on his contributions to literature, ethics, and humanism. The article provides a comprehensive overview of Saadi Shirazi’s life, works, and legacy, drawing on both primary and secondary sources to offer readers a deeper understanding of this influential poet and thinker.

Elektron ta’limni tashkil qilishning texnik asoslari avvallo zamonaviy axborot texnologiyalari bilan bog‘liq. Ta’limni axborotlashtirishning eng muhim vazifalaridan biri – mutaxassisning axborot madaniyatini shakllantirishdan iborat boʻlib, uning shakllanish darajasi, birinchi navbatda axborot jarayonlari, modellar va texnologiyalar haqidagi bilimlari bilan belgilanadi, ikkinchidan turli faoliyatda axborotni qayta ishlash va tahlil qilish vositalari va usullaridan foydalanish koʻnikma va malakalari, uchinchidan kasbiy faoliyatda zamonaviy axborot texnologiyalaridan foydalanish qobiliyati, toʻrtinchidan ochiq axborot tizimi sifatida oʻrab turgan dunyo aloqa tizimlaridan foydalanish.

Ushbu maqolada asosan Buxoro tumani sho‘rlangan erlarda olib borilgan ilmiy tadqiqot natijalari bayon etilgan. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, hududda sodir bo‘lgan va bo‘layotgan salbiy jarayonlarni keltirib chiqaruvchi tabiiy va inson faoliyati bilan bog‘liq  omillarni o‘rganish, sizot suvlari chuqurligi, minerallashuvi va turli qatlamlaridagi tuzlarining umumiy va zaharli zahiralarini va shular asosida tuproqning hozirgi meliorativ holatini aniqlash, va ularni yaxshilashga qaratilgan chora-tadbirlar va tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.