No. 1 (2025) The interdisciplinary electronic scientific journal "Society and Innovations"

This article explores the role of tutoring in the education system and its impact on the development of students' potential. It highlights the significance of tutoring in organizing effective learning processes and supporting students' personal growth. Additionally, the article examines the development of students' organizational skills and the dynamics of communicative interaction in detail.

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of archival sources on the history of the development and irrigation of new lands of Central Ferghana and reveals the irrigation work carried out in the desert areas during the 1950s-1990s using primary sources.

This article examines the initial state system that formed in the Khorezm oasis during the 7th-6th centuries BC, based on social, economic, and military factors. Drawing on information about the Kuzaliqir culture, it is argued that during this period, military-administrative and religious centers were established in Khorezm, along with the development of defense systems and craftsmanship. The process of transitioning from tribal unions to state structures in Khorezm is analyzed in comparison with similar processes in Margiana and Bactria. 

This article explores the symmetric and asymmetric relationships between lexical units representing the sense of touch in English, Russian, and Uzbek. The study examines how different languages express tactile sensations and how cultural and linguistic factors influence the formation of these expressions. The focus is on understanding the similarities and differences in the usage of touch-related lexemes in these three languages.

This article substantiates the priority tasks of state policy in combating crime in the legal system of our country, the trends in the development of modern crime, and the need to create effective mechanisms of international cooperation in the field of criminal procedure. The increasing importance of international cooperation in the investigation, consideration, and resolution of criminal cases, as well as the comparative analysis of the experience of Russia, are discussed. In addition, proposals and recommendations are put forward on the issue of the application of the norms of international treaties in the implementation of international cooperation in the field of criminal procedure, the regulation of the interaction of judicial and investigative bodies with the relevant competent authorities of foreign states in criminal proceedings.

This article analyses the role and significance of the institution of the investigating judge in the law of criminal procedure. This new institution, introduced as part of the judicial and legal reforms in Uzbekistan, is aimed at protecting individual rights and freedoms at the pre-trial stage of criminal proceedings. The article examines the functions of the investigating judge, his role in international practice and the main tasks of this position. In addition, the opinions of various scholars are analysed in order to provide a clear definition of the term ‘investigating judge’.

The article analyzes the activities of government agencies in combating fakes and disinformation in modern conditions, scientific research conducted in this area, advanced foreign experience in combating such phenomena, develops relevant conclusions and makes proposals for further strengthening the current system, using modern technologies and improving the information literacy of the population.

In this article, the author examines the interactions of Uzbekistan with international organizations and its ongoing reforms on the path to joining the World Trade Organization. The article analyzes legal norms concerning the reduction of tariffs and quotas on imports and exports, the elimination of non-tariff barriers, the simplification of customs procedures and their alignment with international standards, as well as the modernization of legislation to protect intellectual property rights by globally recognized requirements. 

This article is dedicated to the significance of the institution of simplified proceedings at the pre-trial stage in the Anglo-Saxon legal system and its role in simplifying criminal cases before trial. The article analyzes the origin, development, practical application, and legal nature of this institution in the United States and other countries with an Anglo-Saxon legal system. The possibilities of expediting the judicial process based on plea bargaining, imposing a more lenient sentence on the accused, and dismissing certain charges are also highlighted. The author discusses the importance of implementing this institution into Uzbekistan's criminal procedural system and developing proposals and recommendations based on international experience.

The article presents a comprehensive scientific study of the procedural and criminalistic features of crime scene investigation as a critical investigative action in criminal proceedings. An in-depth analysis of scientific approaches to defining the concept of "crime scene" has been conducted, systematizing existing definitions and their substantive characteristics. The author details the essential features of crime scene investigation, consistently substantiating its urgency, objectivity, and high procedural significance. The study thoroughly examines the procedural aspects of the investigative action, its methodological foundations, the specifics of evidence information recording, and the features of technical means application. The scientific work is based on a comprehensive analysis of theoretical sources, law enforcement practice, and current legislation, which allowed the formulation of the author's definition of the crime scene and identifying comprehensive features of its investigation in various investigative situations.

The present article has been written with the objective of studying the presence of defenders – representatives of the native population – in the bar of the judicial-legal system of the Turkestan region. In addition, the article will publish information from the central state archive of Uzbekistan about the first legal defenders admitted to participating in the courts of the Turkestan region, which is the historical state of the current Uzbekistan.

The analysis is conducted using Russian imperial legislation from the 19th century, with comparisons made to reliable facts found in the archive.

The discussion provides an analysis of the formation of the judicial system in the Turkestan region, as well as an examination of the attitudes of regional leaders towards the establishment of defence in court.

This article presents scientific and theoretical perspectives on all forms of sexual violence committed against minors. Statistical data on crimes involving sexual violence, both globally and in our country, have been examined, and the dynamics of this type of crime have been analyzed based on these data. Additionally, the conditions and causes of such incidents have been studied. Important proposals and recommendations for their prevention are outlined.

This article analyzes the personnel activity of Internal Affairs Bodies, considers the reforms implemented in our country in this area, considers the opinions of legal scholars on personnel training, and presents proposals and recommendations developed by the author.

The article analyzes the state of legal regulation of agribusiness in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The authors reveal the evolution of agribusiness as a legal phenomenon in the scientific literature, as well as the contribution of agribusiness to the development of the economy of countries as a whole. Based on national legislation, a comparative analysis of the procedure for the creation and functioning of agribusiness entities is carried out, while identifying common and distinctive aspects of the development of agribusiness. The specific properties of such agribusiness entities as an individual entrepreneur, a limited liability company, joint-stock company, farmers and dekhkan farms (using the example of the legislation of Uzbekistan), as well as farmers (peasant) farms (using the example of Kazakhstan), are revealed. The final part of the article provides general problems of running an agribusiness.

The article contains scientifically based suggestions and recommendations regarding the summoning of a witness, victim, expert, civil plaintiff, civil defendant, and their representatives to perform procedural actions on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan or to conduct procedural actions videoconference by a foreign state law enforcement agency at the location or residence of these persons.

This article analyzes the significance of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises in addressing key social and economic challenges in society, their essence, objectives, and interconnection. It also examines the importance of social entrepreneurship worldwide and its development prospects in Uzbekistan.

The analysis establishes that the concept of social entrepreneurship is broader both theoretically and practically compared to the concept of social enterprises. The main differences lie in their approach to solving social problems, as well as the scope, scale, and extent of their activities.

The article reviews the perspectives of renowned scholars and presents the author’s position on the researched issues. In particular, the author argues that the goal of social entrepreneurship should include the support of vulnerable social groups. Based on this, it is concluded that social entrepreneurship represents a systematic process aimed at solving social problems through profit generation or other resources, and it is carried out in the interests of specific vulnerable social groups and society as a whole.

The article examines the expression of legal relations in the Avesta, which is an important source of the history of statehood and law of Uzbekistan, the content and essence of regulating legal norms, various norms, institutions and branches of law, family, marriage, civil legal relations, contracts and their types, content, criminal acts and types of punishments.

This article analyzes the characteristics of utilizing operational-search activity results in the initiation of criminal cases. Particular attention is given to the grounds and reasons for initiating a criminal case, as well as the issues surrounding the decision to initiate or refuse to initiate a criminal case. Alongside an examination of national and foreign legislation, this article also analyzes the opinions of scholars on the subject.

This article analyzes the definitions, content, and essence of foundational, professional, and specialized competencies. It also presents perspectives on ensuring the systematic development and continuity of these competencies for future teachers of technological education.

Foreign Language Teachers for Specific Purposes have a lot in common with teachers of general foreign language. It is necessary to consider linguistic development and teaching theories for both, to have insights into contemporary ideas regarding their position and role as well as the position and role of foreign language learners in education, and to face new technologies offered to improve their methodology. The need to understand the requirements of other professions and the willingness to adapt to these requirements differentiate foreign language teachers for specific purposes from their colleagues teaching a general foreign language. ESP teaching presumes teaching English as a foreign language regarding a particular profession, subject, or purpose.

The ability to theoretically substantiate the scientific idea of improving the design competence of students studying in technical higher education institutions depends on the student's position as an educational subject. This includes their level of participation in the design process, knowledge and skills in design, experience in the design process, and their motivational-targeted orientation towards it. Additionally, it involves the ability to reflect and evaluate. This concept is based on the proposed interpretation of design competence as an integral dynamic characteristic of an individual, reflecting their ability to engage in these aspects of the design process.

This article analyzes the intrinsic connection between primary school teachers' professional identification and their pedagogical abilities from a scientific and theoretical perspective. The study examines innovative methods and technologies for developing pedagogical abilities, including reflective practice, self-assessment, and modern educational approaches aimed at fostering professional competencies. Furthermore, the article provides a scientific basis for the developmental dynamics of pedagogical abilities, the relationship between the process of professional identification and individual and social factors, as well as their impact on the quality of education and teachers' personal professional growth. The research findings offer important scientific and practical recommendations designed to enhance the effectiveness of pedagogical activities.

This article analyzes the role of the integration of learning techniques and pedagogical methods in increasing the effectiveness of the educational process. The importance of combining learning techniques and innovative pedagogical methods in increasing students' interest in learning and developing their creative and critical thinking skills is highlighted. Based on the analysis of national and international experience, practical recommendations have been developed to improve education. This approach is seen as an important tool in improving the quality of the educational process and preparing students for the requirements of modern society.

This article attempts to elucidate the essence of the process and problem of crimes committed by women, including the definition, statistics, causes, types, characteristics, and negative consequences of such crimes. Additionally, it analyzes and reflects on the fundamental problems of crime among women and potential solutions, based on materials from legal documents.

The article describes the ideas of religious tolerance in the politico-legal views of Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur, in particular of the pillars of Islam and its main schools based on the work of “Mubayyin”, Sharia norms, views of the ruler in relation to representatives of different religions. Issues of the importance of ideas of religious tolerance in the upbringing of the younger generation are also described.