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ASSEMBLY PROCESS OF UNIQUE BUILDINGS USING LARGE -
SPAN SPACE SHELL STRUCTURES
Razzoqov Nurmuhammadhon Sayidmahsud o’g’li
1
Maqsudov Mirfayz Ismatilloyevich
2
Elboyev Botir Nuriddin ugli
3
Senior Teacher Ph.D
1
Master's degree
2
Master's degree
3
123
Samarkand State University of Architecture and
Construction named after Mirzo Ulugbek,Uzbekistan (Samcasu).
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14649498
Abstract:
Objective.
The article explains the development of improved methods for
calculating the stressstrain state of unique buildings with long spans, using shell
structures during the assembly and disassembly stages, as well as the
development of recommendations for the use of effective construction methods
and computational design of large-span buildings.
Methods.
The practical significance of the article is the development of
improved structural solutions for reinforced concrete shells of modern
combined assembly methods, the use of which is explained by the reduction of
material consumption, labor costs for production, assembly and disassembly,
and the weight of metal equipment used for their construction.
Results.
Also, as a result of the research of the assembly process of spatial
shell structures using the method of physical modeling, a new cost-effective
structural solution for practice and calculation methods, effective methods of
assembly and disassembly of structures have been developed, and practical
instructions for ensuring the safety of transportation and assembly of structures
have been presented.
Conclusion.
When using this method in the proposed 96x96 m shell cover
installation, compared to the use of collector conductors, labor costs are reduced
by 26%, and the weight of installation equipment is reduced by 2.4 times.
Compared to the use of the column method, labor costs are reduced by 33%, and
the weight of assembly equipment is reduced by 2.25 times.
Keywords:
spatial shell constructions, span unique buildings, physical
modeling, assembly and disassembly, large span, geometric surface, shell.
Introduction.
In the world, the process of construction of modern large-scale buildings is
being carried out by scientific research aimed at shortening the investment
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period, accelerating the introduction of scientific and technical achievements,
ensuring the quality and efficiency of construction structures and the materials
used. In this regard, the main part of the costs of covering unique buildings is the
cost of materials and construction labor, special attention is being paid to
reducing these costs.
Currently, the use of reinforced concrete shells in the construction of
unique buildings occupies one of the leading places in the world. Reinforced
concrete and metal shells with the same geometric surface are widely used
among the types of large - span coverings worldwide. The analysis of the design
and use of such shells in construction showed that the use of shells in the
construction of unique structures ensures a small size of the structures. In this
regard, it is important to increase the economy of material consumption and
labor costs for construction.
Level of study of the issue.
In the field of construction, the theory of
calculation of unique buildings in which large - span spatial shell structures are
used and researching issues related to stress-deformation states abroad, A.A.
Gvozdev, V.Z. Vlasov, I.E. Mileikovsky, K. Khaidukov, O.D. Oniashvili, GV.I.
Trofimov, N.P. Abovsky, V.S. Bartenev, P.G. Yeremeev, A.S. Jiv, E.Z. Zhukovsky,
Ya.Sh. Ishakov, V.I. Kolchunov, L.M. Lyudkovsky, Yu.I. Nemchinov, V.S. Plevkov,
Ya.F. Khlebnoy, A.A. Seitlin, Yu.V. Chinenkov, V.V. Shugaev, V.F. Shablyas were
engaged.
Studies on stress - deformation conditions of rare buildings in our republic
where large - span spatial shell structures are used M.T. O’rozboev, V.Q. Qabulov,
Q.S. Abdurashidov, S.R. Razzakov, Q.I. Ro’ziev, G.S. Done by Friedman et al.
Recently, scientists who have made a significant contribution to this field,
as a result of annual research, have achieved important scientific and practical
results aimed at improving the regulatory framework in the field of increasing
the efficiency of using spatial systems in large - span buildings.
The use of shells as one of the effective solutions of building covers can
successfully contribute to the achievement of the planned goals in this field.
Currently, the development of shell mechanics has reached such a level that the
calculation of spatial structures with mathematical models has become the
privilege of highly qualified specialists. In particular, the exact methods of
calculating shells using computer technologies are worthy of attention, but it
should be noted that creating a program for the assembly of various types of
shells is a very complex responsibility and requires a lot of work. In this case, it
is important to develop practical methods for calculating spatial systems based
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on the experimental modeling method to evaluate different stages of the
changing stress-strain state during the assembly process. In recent years,
methods of linear calculation of shells under the influence of static and dynamic
loads have been developed, but they do not sufficiently take into account the
conditions of construction and operation. The current regulatory documents
"Closing and intermediates" and "Sets of rules" do not adequately reflect the
conditions of installation and operation of shells. Important factors related to
the changing working conditions and properties of construction materials are
not taken into account during the stages of construction of shells and during the
transition to the operation state.
Figure 1. Researched structural schemes of flat shells with a span
of 96 m at the assembly stage.
In the development of new constructive solutions of unique buildings with
shell covering, conducting theoretical and test studies, assessing their strength,
priority, uniqueness, crack resistance, due to the fact that less studied complex
studies are considered, a cost-effective modeling method was used in the
process of assembly and operation. Experimental studies were carried out by
using the results of large- scale, M 1:4 and M1:10 models in the experimental
construction of natural objects (Fig. 1) [24].
Specific issues of developing recommendations for wide application in the
experimental design and construction of unique buildings with the use of
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working shells in the assembly and operational state of these constructions were
solved. The structural characteristics of the research object, natural shells and
their models are presented in Table 1[24]. On the basis of our research, the
experience of using the results of testing the models of reinforced concrete
spatial structures in natural structures was analyzed, generalized and
developed.
The assembly of the shell was carried out according to the author's proposal
by using the combined method of enlarging the panels into the arched block in
advance. In this case, 3 3x6 m panels are mounted on square cell single-beams
mounted on enlarged arched block 3x18 m, thinned 18x18 m mounting
supports. After the dismantling of the shell, the single beams are permanently
left and serve to ensure its priority. In the same way, the contour zones of the
shell with a distance of 12 m are assembled from 3x12 m arc - shaped blocks
with enlarged panels. Sprengel-type inventory drawer is placed from the bottom
of the panels. The longitudinal ribs of the panels are connected by means of non-
concrete welded joints.
The work of the shells under the influence of static load in the case of
assembly, removal of supports and exploitation was studied in two different
models. The study of the assembly condition of the flat - ribbed shell (Fig. 2,
Table 1) was carried out by installing the combined method of assembling the
panels by enlarging the panels proposed by the author by installing the same
interconnected single beams unified on four sides on the mounting columns
with an interval of 18x18 m.
Conclusions and suggestions.
A precast integral reinforced concrete shell
with positive Gaussian curvature, developed for the cladding of unique public
buildings, is effective. It is recommended to use the method based on the
combination of the 3x6 m cylindrical panels with the 18 m arc-shaped block,
which is enlarged and the method of assembling the gable support. In this case,
the 3x18 m mounting element is fixed to the shell contour and several rows of
permanent single beams and mounting posts.
On the basis of the conducted research, it is recommended to use the proposed
effective structural solutions of composite reinforced concrete shells with
positive Gaussian curvature, their calculation and assembly methods in the
construction of unique buildings with large spans. In addition to creating wide
opportunities to apply research results in various regions, it leads to reduction
of material consumption, costs of construction and exploitation process, labor
volume and price.
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When using this method in the proposed 96x96 m shell cover
installation, compared to the use of collector conductors, labor costs are reduced
by 26%, and the weight of installation equipment is reduced by 2.4 times.
Compared to the use of the column method, labor costs are reduced by 33%, and
the weight of assembly equipment is reduced by 2.25 times. Based on the
application of the modern modeling method, a method of researching shells with
a new constructive solution has been developed. The state of stress -
deformation during assembly and de-supporting of M1:10, M1:4, M1:1 precast
integral shell was studied in a condition that ensured high accuracy and
reliability of variable calculation parameters. Especially in this case, special
attention was paid to ensuring the strength, uniqueness, priority and safety of
constructions.
The method of calculation of the enlarged element in the state
of assembly was carried out and numerous experiments were carried out, taking
into account the variable characteristics of the calculation scheme and the
working condition, and the results were analyzed. In evaluating the work of the
shells at the stages from the loading process to their failure state, based on the
comparison analysis of the experimental and calculation results, the most
reliable method is to use the calculation method based on modeling. approved.
The stress - deformation conditions of the proposed 96x96 m and larger span
buildings were studied. Methods of preserving them from damage during the
process of preparation and assembly are proposed. A method of taking into
account the structural features of the shells in the case of local damage is
proposed to ensure the load carrying capacity and priority.
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