25
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
–
2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
25-27
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
286
)
(2021:
5.
64
)
(2022:
6.
319
)
OCLC
–
1121105510
METADATA
IF
–
7.569
Publisher:
The USA Journals
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease is the most important cause of death in the population. Enormous advances in prevention,
diagnosis and treatment have comparatively reduced the incidence of the disease. Cardiovascular diseases remain the
most important cause of early disability, occupational disability and premature death.
KEYWORDS
Myocardial infarction, stroke, div fat, bad habits.
INTRODUCTION
Diseases of the circulatory system take the second
place in the structure of the general morbidity of the
population and the first place among the causes of
death. The increase in mortality rates from these
diseases occurs against the background of an increase
in the overall mortality of the population. It has been
established that the number of patients with this
pathology is especially intensively increasing among
middle-aged men. For women, these figures are
slightly lower. Among the causes of disability, ischemic
and hypertension diseases, vascular lesions of the
brain, and rheumatism prevail. With age, there is an
Research Article
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AS A SOCIAL AND HYGIENIC PROBLEM
Submission Date:
April 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
April 15, 2022,
Published Date:
April 28, 2022 |
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume04Issue04-07
Iskandarova Shakhnoza
Scientific adviser, Professor of the Department of Public Health, Healthcare Management of the Tashkent
Pediatric medical institute (Uzbekistan)
Amilova Asalya
3th year students of the Medical and Pedagogical faculty of the Tashkent Pediatric medical institute
(Uzbekistan)
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jmspr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
26
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
–
2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
25-27
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
286
)
(2021:
5.
64
)
(2022:
6.
319
)
OCLC
–
1121105510
METADATA
IF
–
7.569
Publisher:
The USA Journals
increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.
From a large number of risk factors for coronary heart
disease, two main groups have been distinguished:
socio-cultural risk factors and "internal" risk factors.
The first group includes the consumption of high-
calorie foods rich in saturated fats and cholesterol,
smoking, a sedentary (inactive) lifestyle, and nervous
stress; to the second group - arterial hypertension,
hypercholesterolemia,
impaired
carbohydrate
tolerance, obesity (overweight), heredity. The degree
of influence of each of these factors and their
combinations is different. Depending on the nature of
the disease and the condition of the patient, doctors
plan a number of therapeutic and preventive
measures: drug treatment, inpatient treatment,
physiotherapy,
exercise
therapy,
sanatorium
treatment, etc. There are cardiology departments,
dispensaries, centers, research institutes, hospitals for
rehabilitation treatment. An excess of low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol in the blood is associated with
an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. An
effective reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease
comes with lifestyle changes. Many people with
hypercholesterolemia continue to suffer from an
uncontrolled deterioration in their general condition.
Among
them
are
patients
with
cardiac
hypercholesterolemia, an inherited form of high
cholesterol that can lead to premature cardiovascular
disease, including heart attacks and strokes.
The solution of social and preventive problems in the
matter of protecting and strengthening the health of
the people includes medical, sanitary, hygienic and
socio-economic measures. Allocate individual and
social prevention. Primary prevention is a system of
measures to prevent the occurrence and impact of risk
factors for the development of diseases (vaccination,
rational work and rest regime, rational high-quality
nutrition,
physical
activity,
environmental
improvement, etc.). Primary prevention includes socio-
economic measures of the state to improve lifestyle,
environment,
education,
etc.
occurrence,
exacerbation or recurrence of the disease. The most
effective method of secondary prevention is
prophylactic medical examination as a complex
method of early detection of diseases, dynamic
monitoring, targeted treatment, rational consistent
recovery. A set of measures for the rehabilitation of
patients who have lost the possibility of a full life. The
most important component of all preventive measures
is the formation of medical and social activity among
the population and attitudes towards a healthy
lifestyle. A significant increase in diseases of the
circulatory system at a young age causes increased
interest of researchers in the study of the incidence of
the cardiovascular system in the population of
children, as well as environmental risk factors as
possible causes of their occurrence, since they play the
most important role in the development and spread of
these diseases. Therefore, their occurrence can be
prevented or limited by environmental impact. This
makes it most relevant to study the prevalence of
cardiovascular pathology in adolescents and develop
measures aimed at preventing the chronicization of
the process that began in childhood.
In childhood and adolescence, basic behaviors are laid,
early identification and prevention of risk factors for
cardiovascular diseases associated with an unhealthy
lifestyle will help prevent or delay the development of
diseases of the circulatory system in later life. People
with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Due to
the presence of one or more risk factors, such as high
blood pressure, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, early
detection and assistance through counseling and, if
necessary, medication are needed. The most promising
way to reduce the incidence, mortality and disability of
the population from cardiovascular diseases is a
27
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
–
2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
25-27
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
286
)
(2021:
5.
64
)
(2022:
6.
319
)
OCLC
–
1121105510
METADATA
IF
–
7.569
Publisher:
The USA Journals
preventive approach, starting from childhood and
adolescence. Most cardiovascular diseases can be
prevented by addressing risk factors such as tobacco
use, unhealthy diet and obesity, physical inactivity and
the harmful use of alcohol through population-wide
strategies. Heart attacks and strokes are usually acute
illnesses and occur mainly as a result of blockages in
blood vessels that prevent blood from flowing to the
heart or brain. The most common cause of this is the
formation of fatty deposits and emboli on the inner
walls of blood vessels that supply blood to the heart or
brain. Bleeding in the brain due to a ruptured vessel or
trapped blood clots can also cause a stroke. Myocardial
infarction and stroke are commonly caused by tobacco
use, unhealthy diet and obesity, physical inactivity and
alcohol abuse, high blood pressure, diabetes, and
hyperlipidemia. Exposure of a person to behavioral
factors can lead to manifestations in the form of high
blood pressure, high blood glucose, high blood lipids,
as well as overweight and obesity. Quitting tobacco
use, reducing salt intake, consuming fruits and
vegetables, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular
physical activity, and avoiding the harmful use of
alcohol significantly reduce the risk of developing
cardiovascular disease.
In addition, drug therapy may be needed to reduce the
risk of developing cardiovascular disease and prevent
heart attack and stroke in diabetes, high blood
pressure, and elevated lipid levels. To improve the
health of people, one must choose and maintain a
healthy lifestyle in order to create an enabling
environment for healthy choices and their availability.
Education from an early age to a healthy lifestyle
prevents the risk of developing heart disease.
Observance of hygiene etiquette in different strata of
the population affects the outcome of diseases.
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