All articles - Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Medicine
Number of articles: 2650
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Вирус — это неклеточная форма жизни., состоящая из молекул ДНК и РНК, т.е. генетического материала, и защитной оболочки (капсид), чаще всего белковой. Вирусы - это неживые образования и, несмотря на наличие генетического материала, без чужой живой клетки вирусы размножаться не могут. «Virus» в пе реводе с латинского-«яд». Происхождение вирусов -это одна из самых больших тайн биологии. Подробно изучено до пяти тысяч вирусов, но ученые считают, что в природе их более миллиона [3]. -
Atrophy and resorption o f bone tissue is an urgent problem o f modern surgical dentistry, because the lack o f bone tissue is the most common problem in the practice o f dentists. The aim o f the study was to study the available osteoplastic materials. The study proved the need for further research and development o f new osteoplastic materials. -
В данное время в Узбекистане функциями меди цинской сестры стоматологического кабинета вы полняют выпускницы направления сестринское дело медицинских колледжей со средним медицинским образованием. -
Features of the primary diagnosis and the algorithm for further routing of patients with oropharyngeal neoplasms at a dental appointmentOncological processes of the head and neck are a large number of tumors with a different course and requiring different treatment. In advanced stages,this treatment can lead to loss of vital functions and disrupt the appearance of a person with the appearance of bone and soft tissue defects [3]. But if this process is detected at the very beginning with an asymptomatic course or at the fi rst stage of the disease, then in 95-97% of cases the neoplasm can be removed without disability [5]. At this stage in the development of modern medicine with the help of radiation therapy and endoscopic surgery, it is possible to effectively treat oncological processes of the head and neck at stages I and II [2, 6]. With regard to the use of endoscopic surgery, the risk of developing psychological trauma in patients is reduced due to the absence of large incisions [8]. In this article, 217 patients, aged 30 to 89 years old, residents of the city of Chelyabinsk and the region with a confi rmed diagnosis of malignant neoplasm of the oropharyngeal zone were analyzed, examined and questioned, of which 127 were men and 90 were women. Of the total number of patients, 30% fi rst consulted a dentist. The largest number of cases of malignant neoplasms is determined at the age of 50 to 69 years in both sexes. Patients living in Chelyabinsk were statistically signifi cantly (p<0.05) less likely to meet, in aggregate, in terms of accessibility than patients living in the Chelyabinsk region. Primary T1 tumors were statistically signifi cant (p≤0.05) more often. The absence of regional metastases (N0) was statistically signifi cant (p≤0.05) more often. Also, neoplasms with a high degree of cell differentiation (G1) were also more often statistically signifi cant. Most often (p≤0.05),malignant neoplasms were localized on the tongue and lips. The keratinizing form of squamous cell carcinoma occurred statistically signifi cantly (p<0.001) more often.
Medicine and innovations -
Leukoplakia is a fairly common pathology’ of the oral mucosa, with a tendency to malignant development in 20-30% of cases. This problem makes dentists think about cancer vigilance. At certain stages of development leukoplakia is reversible, timely diagnostics and treatment can prevent the development of malignancy. This paper includes the review of current data of published literature for the evaluation of clinical and pathological characteristics of leukoplakia as precancerous lesion. -
The aim of this study was to evaluate some aspects of the pathogenesis and diagnosis of teething in newborns based on the study of the dynamics of estrone in breast milk and the saliva of a newborn. 78 practically healthy lactating women with obesity-38 and 30 who were not obese were examined, as wellas their newborns. Object of study, saliva and blood plasma. It was revealed that the hormonal profile of a newborn in saliva with a change in metabolism in lactating women can undergo certain changes. As lactation develops in women with excess div weight, hormone estrone undergo intensive elimination from milk, which leads to a decrease in its content in breastmilk, which can affect metabolic processes in the newborn's dentofacial system. -
Construction of a mathematical model to determine the parameters of dental arches by the size of the incisorsBased on the calculations of anthropometric measurements of the upper and lower teeth and taking into account the shape of the dental arch: a software product has been created that makes it possible to determine in an express mode the parameters of the dental arches of patients depending on the anthropometric indicators of the size of the incisors. The product allows you to determine the position and shape the loop elements on the orthodontic arch used in fixed orthodontic equipment.
Medicine and innovations -
Immuno-morphological characteristics of the course of diabetic foot syndromeObjective: to study the immunological and morphological features of the course of purulent-necrotic processes in the lower extremities against the background of local application of the proteolytic enzyme cucumazim. Material and methods: 352 patients with purulent-necrotic lesions of the lower extremities on the background of DM were examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the treatment performed. Group I consisted of 112 patients who underwent traditional complex treatment. Group II included 240 patients who underwent complex treatment with local application of the plant-derived proteolytic enzyme cucumazim. The results of treatment were evaluated on the basis of morphological and immunological studies.Results. It was found that purulent-necrotic complications in the lower extremities occur with a pronounced decrease in humoral and cellular immunity, as evidenced by lymphopenia, an imbalance in lymphocyte populations, and inhibition of phagocytic activity of neutrophils and macrophages. Local use of cucumazim, judging by morphological data, allowed the relief of purulent-necrotic processes in the foot on the one hand, on the other, had a significant positive shift in regenerative-proliferative mechanisms in damaged tissues. Against the background of local use of cucumazim, there was not only a tendency to normalize immunity indicators by increasing the quantitative content of cellular elements, but also their qualitative improvement. Conclusion. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that purulent-necrotic complications in the lower extremities occur with a pronounced decrease in humoral and cellular immunity. Local use of cucumazim as part of a complex treatment contributedto the normalization of immunity indicators and the relief of the purulent-necrotic process.
Medicine and innovations -
IMPAIRMENT OF PLATE AGGREGATION FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH RAPID-PROGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS IN DIFFERENT DEGREES OF SEVERITYThe urgency of the problem of inflammatory periodontal diseases is due to its high prevalence among the population. For many years, there has been a tendency towards an earlier onset of this disease and its aggressive course. According to a number of authors, the incidence of periodontal diseases reaches 98%. At the same time, young people only in 5-7% of cases have a clinically healthy periodontium and maintain adequate oral hygiene. In 13% of cases, an atypical form of inflammatory periodontal disease is diagnosed - rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP) [1]
Medicine and innovations -
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF MAKING CROWNS OF LONG-TERM WEAR BY 3D PRINTINGThe active introduction of innovative technologies, namely 3D printing in dentistry, is of great interest from dentists of various specialties. The article is devoted to the possibility of using a 3D printer for the manufacture of long-wearing crowns. The application of new technologies in dentistry is considered using the example of 3D printing. Possibilities of this technology and the specifics of working with it. Objective: to evaluate the possibilities of clinical application of long-term wearing crowns made by 3D printing. Methodology. Based on the literature review, and the use of scientific search bibliographic databases: PubMed, eLibrary, Medline, Google Academy, the availability and prevalence of 3D printing technology in dentistry was determined, and in particular its application for printing longterm crowns. Clinical production of long-term crowns was carried out. Conclusions. The emergence of innovative technologies in dentistry, in particular 3D printing and new materials, is currently attracting active interest from the dental community. 3D modeling and printing every day more and more confidently enter our daily life. Л thorough study of this method is undoubtedly promising, but it requires deep immersion in the problem, clinical and laboratory observations of structures made of materials certified for long-term wear.
Medicine and innovations -
Today, dental implantology is considered one of the most optimal solutions to the problem of toothlessness, the most convenient method for treating partial restoration of the dentition or dentition of edentulous jaws without damaging the adjacent teeth (8,12,19). Predicting the life of dental implants is an important issue in developing a treatment plan for a successful implantation (1,7). For this, we have created a program that uses mathematical methods and statistics of implanted patients. The program is based on the most important factors related to the longevity of dental implants, the tissues surrounding the implant and the patient's general health as well as lifestyle. In fact, the success of dental implants depends on more than 50 factors, and the selection of the most important ones is a very important aspect when developing a program. In this regard, we used the method of expert analysis. The program is designed for access by implantologists and orthopedic dentists and is consistent with the results of worldwide experiments conducted in recent years. In this article, we provide detailed information about the program "Forecasting the service life of dental implants" (PSFDI.exe). -
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL CHEWING TESTS UNDER EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONSAbstract: The article presents the results of an experimental comparative assessment of the main functional chewing tests using natural test products given in the Russian educational and scientific-methodical literature. The positive and negative sides of each of them are revealed. According to the results of the study, the most optimal test for determining the effectiveness of the performed orthopedic dental treatment is the test according to S.E. Gelman (1932), which has the necessary parameters for this.
Medicine and innovations -
EVALUATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH REACTIVE DYSTROPHIC DISEASES OF THE SALIVARY GLANDSDue the fact that in 70% of cases of admission of patients with diseases of the salivary glands, the correct diagnosis causes significant difficulties, this issue remains an urgent problem of modem medicine. The aim of this study is to study the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic properties of the vascular wall endothelium, as well as to determine the markers of endothelial dysfunction -homocysteine and endothelin in patients with reactive dystrophic diseases of the salivary glands. This article presents the results of a survey of 64 patients with reactive dystrophic diseases (RDD) and inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands (SG) at the age of 20 to 55 years. As a result, it found that, in contrast to healthy individuals, there is an increase in the serum content of not only homocysteine, but also endothelin I. The obtained data allow us to conclude that in patients of this category there are significant violations of the vascular wall thrombosis resistance, which manifested by changes in the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic properties of the endothelium. It also found that in this pathology, there is an increase in the serum content of not only homocysteine, but also endothelin I.
Medicine and innovations -
studying the enects ot ditterent beverages on hard tooth tissues is very important tor any person. And you need to understand the possible risks when regularly using them. Since there arc components in the beverage composition that can cause pigmentation and demineralization of hard tissues. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "South-Ural State Medical University" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation. Bobyleva Valeria Olegovna. -
INDEX ASSESSMENT OF ORAL HYGIENE IN PROSTHETICS REMOVABLE PROSTHESES BASED ON IMPLANTSАВЭ1 KAt I The index assessment of oral hygiene in the dynamics was studied in patients w ith removable dentures with support on implants. All patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 15 patients using a toothbrush and toothpaste to maintain personal hygiene; 2nd group consisted of 15 patients using the complex "toothbrush + intradental brush + irrigator" and toothpaste to maintain individual hygiene. The determination of the hygiene quality of the implant area and gums was held by using the supraconstruction hygiene index (SGI) and the gingival index (Gl). The mean values of all indices in 2nd group of patients were significantly lower than in subgroup A and almost did not differ from the mean values of the control group.
Medicine and innovations -
RESEARCH OF ORAL MICROFLORA IN EARLY AND LONG TERMS AFTER ORTHOPEDIC RESTORATION ON DENTAL IMPLANTSAn article devoted to the topical problem of studying the microbioccnosis of the mouth during various orthopedic operations is presented, since the percentage of failures in this area of dental interventions is still quite high. Objective: To study the microbiological landscape of the mouth in individuals with implants without and with platform switching to an abutment. Material and Methods: The study was carried out on patients at the orthopedic stage of treatment in the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry of the TDSI with installed IM PRO dental implants (Helmut Knigel, Germany) and has an implant-abutment connection system using a fixing screw. All patients w'ere diagnosed with "Partial secondary adentia". All patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 9 patients with an implant-abutment system without platform switching; Group 2 consisted of 10 patients with an clement of platform switching to an abutment. The study was carried out in the dynamics of monitoring patients - before the installation of the orthopedic structure, 3 months and 6 months after the installation of the orthopedic structure. The material for the microbiological study was a biomatcrial from the soft tissue mucosa around the abutment. The material was placed in vials with Stuart's medium and within no more than 3 hours was transferred to the microbiological laboratory. Results of the study: the obtained results of the study allow us to conclude that when the platforms are switched to the abutment, a positive microbiocenosis is formed on the implants at the 6th month of using the orthopedic construction, but the value of all the representatives of microorganisms studied remains at high levels. At the same time, the microbial landscape is characterized by the prevalence of stabilizing species (Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, Corynebacterium spp. ). However, the frequency of such microorganisms uncharacteristic for the oral cavity in the test material as enterobacteria, enterococci, indicate the development of dysbiosis in the area of the implant-gingival contact. Conclusion: The study of the dynamics of the microbial flora in patients with implants with switching platforms to an abutment relative to the indicators before prosthetics, showed mainly a decrease in the quantitative indicators of representatives of both its stabilizing and aggressive components.
Medicine and innovations -
RESULTS OF THE DENTAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN OF THE CITY OF TASHKENTObjective of the study: To substantiate the need for and study the effectiveness of a dental educational program for primary school students in the prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease. Material and Methods-. The object of the research was 175 pupils of the elementary grades of secondary schools №240, №259 and №302 in the city of Tashkent, institutions (people). The subject of the study was a dental education program, "A Dazzling Smile for Life." Results-. As a result of the educational dental program, the increase in caries was not observed in primary schoolchildren, the intensity of dental caries according to the DMF index decreased from 4.13 ± 0.23 to 3.09 + 0.20 p <0.05, the hygiene index improved and was 1.50 ± 0.09 p <0.05. The results obtained by us testify to the achievement of the set goal and the fulfillment of the designated tasks.
Medicine and innovations -
CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PULPITIS WITH PAIN SYMPTOMAnnotation. The pathology of the pulp, which is most often manifested by chronic pulpitis, can lead to the occurrence of atypical facial pain. It is known that the pain of pulpitis is one of the strongest and causes suffering to the patient. The conducted research would allow the dentist to consider the pain with pulpitis not only a symptom of a dental disease, but also as a systemic syndrome in which the nervous system, the patient's psyche, his ability to work and quality of life suffer. As a result of clinical and immunological studies, the clinical and pathophysiological features of atypical facial pain in pulpitis have been clarified. Treatment of ns pulpitis can be limited only to endodontic and restoration measures, it should include a set of diagnostic and rehabilitation measures aimed at restoring the neuropsychiatric and immunological health of the patient.
Medicine and innovations -
КОМПЛЕКСНЫЙ ПОДХОД ПРИ ДЕНТАЛЬНОЙ ИМПЛАНТАЦИИ ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ХРОНИЧЕСКИМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ, ПЕРЕНЕСШИХ КОВИД-19
Medicine and innovationsНесмотря на преимущества дентальной имплантации, имеются некоторые сложности в использовании этого метода у пациентов с заболеваниями, возникшими после перенесенной коронавирусной инфекции. Количество и качество костной ткани является важным фактором, который может отразиться на исходе лечения дефектов зубных рядов методом дентальной имплантации. Установлено, что с общим снижением костной массы в иериимплантационной зоне больных, страдающих хроническими заболеваниями и перенесенной инфекцией Кавид-19, уменьшаются темпы физиологической и репаративной регенерации, уменьшается удельный вес непосредственно костных структур и параллельно увеличивается доля губчатого компонента, а также отличается нарастанием примитивной грубоволокнистой кости и хондроидной зоны в имплантационной зоне.
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PROTECTIVE SYSTEM OF THE MUCOSA OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN CHRONIC RECURRENT AFTHOUS STOMATITIS IN THE BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITISAt>5 I KAC 1 Clinical examination of patients began with clarifying complaints and collecting anamnesis: duration of the disease, provoking factors, treatment, frequency of exacerbations, duration of remissions. The oral mucosa (OOM) was assessed by the presence of lesion elements, their number, localization, the severity of inflammation, the state of the edges of the elements and their sizes. We have studied the quantitative and qualitative composition of microorganisms taken from the oral fluid, then the Petri dishes were placed in a thermostat for 24-48 hours at a temperature of 370C. After incubation, the grown Ig colonics CFU / cm2 were counted, the morphology, cultural, tinctorial and biochemical properties of the grown colonies were studied, thereby establishing the type of microbe.Introduction. One of the important problems of modern dentistry is the study of the pathogenesis of the development of chronic inflammatory processes of the oral mucosa (OOM), especially against the background of concomitant chronic diseases [1,2,3,7,11]. One of these chronic inflammatory processes of OOM is chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), manifested by round or oval aphthates and is characterized by a prolonged course, frequent relapses, combined with somatic diseases, including the gastrointestinal tract. The age of patients is often from 20 to 40 years, in the presence of somatic pathology ranges from 45-60 years. In the structure of general somatic pathology of patients with RAS, 45.9% had chronic cholecystitis [6,8,9,13]. An important role in the pathogenesis of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis is played by the state of mycrobiocenosis of the oral mucosa. A decrease in the parameters of cellular and humoral immunity contributes to the excessive growth of microbes, both resident and pathogenic, Candida fungi by 1.5 times in RAS patients with pathology of the hepatobiliary system [4,5,12], of the urogenital system [10]
Medicine and innovations -
THE LEVEL OF ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AND LIPOPEROXIFICATION PRODUCTS OF ORAL FLUID IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY COMPLICATIONS OF DENTAL IMPLANTATIONThe purpose of this study is to analyze the search for patterns in changes in the indicators of saliva lipid peroxidation in patients with inflammatory complications of dental implantation. It wasrevealed that in the context of increased inflammation and destruction of bone tissue, the activity of the antioxidant system (AOA, CT and SOD) decreases, the concentration of lipoperoxification products -MDA and TBH increases. This condition is most pronounced during the transition from inflammation to destruction of bone tissue. The results can be used to optimize traditional diagnostic tools, in predicting the state of the disease, in monitoring treatment.
Medicine and innovations -
СЛУЧАЙ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ: ЛЕЧЕНИЕ РАДИКУЛЯРНОЙ КИСТЫ НИЖНЕЙ ЧЕЛЮСТИ ПУТЕМ СОЗДАНИЕ ДЕКОМПРЕССИОННОГО ОКНАВ статье рассмотрен клинический случай лечения радикулярной кисты нижней челюсти от 3.6 зуба путем создания декомпрессионного «окна», который позволяет уменьшить объем кисты вплоть до полного восстановления костной структуры, а также обеспечить целостность окружающих анатомических структур. Последующее заполнение полости новообразованной костью происходит вследствие вторичного остеогенеза. Данная операция может быть проведена в амбулаторных условиях хирургического стоматологически о кабинета под местной анестезией.
Medicine and innovations -
SUMMARY.The article provides an overview of the incidence of fungal infections as opportunistic diseases in HIV / AIDS. One of the important factors in the growth of fungal infection and the aggravation of the course of diseases caused by it is secondary immunodeficiency caused by HIV, the resistance of the skin layer and the effect of fungal infection on the immune system. Therefore, studying fungal infections in patients with HIV / AIDS, in particular identifying the types of fungi that cause fungal infections and determining their sensitivity to antifungal drugs, can significantly reduce the mortality of these patients from generalized fungal infection. -
This article focuses on working nurses in a dental clinic. We analyzed literature data on work motivation and psycho-emotional state of nurses. This type of activity includes all the important qualities that a person should have, wants to help a sick, needy and weak person. Especially important is the psycho-emotional state of nurses with the help of the patient and helping the person. -
THE USE OF VIRTUAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING STUDENTS OF THE SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY.Orthopedic dentistry is a field of clinical dentistry that requires significant resources when conducting training. To acquire the relevant competencies, it is necessary to master theoretical knowledge, as well as practical skills and the ability to apply them correctly in various clinical situations. In particular, in orthopedic dentistry, an important clinical skill is the preparation of teeth for orthopedic structures. Students should know the basic rules of dental preparation, as well as possess manual skills. To do this, students acquire clinical skills and learn to work with patients who apply for an appointment at a dental clinic. For this purpose, dental phantoms arc used in the learning process. These phantoms allow students to safely and effectively teach clinical skills in the framework of prcclinical training, which significantly improve the learning process, help develop motor skills, as well as psychologically prepare future specialists to work with patients.
Medicine and innovations
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