All articles - Obstetrics and Gynecology
Number of articles: 651
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The combination of gynecological and surgical diseases in 29-42% of women indicates the need for simultaneous surgery, i.e. carrying out combined operations [1]. Carrying out such interventions undoubtedly has advantages both in the therapeutic plan and in the economic aspect (for the patient and even for the state) in comparison with the performance of sequential operations in patients. -
Evaluation of perinatal death cases and the level and status of ear, throat and nose diseases in themThe study examined the prevalence and causes of perinatal death in Khorezm region and the causes of infant mortality at 22 weeks and 7 days of gestation, as well as changes in the ear, throat, and nose. In the city of Urgench, Khorezm region, the birth rate was higher than in other districts, and in the course of inspections, the highest number of deaths was caused by upper respirator}* diseases.
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The aim of the study was to study the risk factors for congenital heart defects in newborns. 374 newborns with congenital heart defects were examined. When determining the significance, according to the questionnaire with a codifier of 42 features, modifying risk factors for the development of congenital heart defects were identified by socio-hygienic, medico-biological, the influence of intrauterine infections, taking medications by the mother during pregnancy, and obstetric and gynecological indicators. -
in this work, we have studied the macroscopic and microscopic features of clear cell ovarian adenoma. The results showed that clear cell ovarian adenoma is macroscopic, usually unicameral, up to 30 cm in diameter, often associated with endometriosis. The microscopic characteristic of clear cell ovarian adenoma is that the epithelium of the tumor has a diffuse, tubulocystic, tubular arrangement, sometimes with papillary growth. Sometimes the epithelial cells of the tumor with abundant light cytoplasm, rich in glycogen, are flattened, form nests, fields and contain a hyaline-like mass in the lumen of the cysts. -
Premature menopause is a pathological condition characterized by the cessation of functional activity of the ovaries in women under the age of 40 years and is manifested by amenorrhea, high levels of gonadotropins in the blood, infertility and symptoms of estrogen deficiency. There is a STUMP on average in 1% of women. The exact nature of the disease remains unknown. Genetic disorders, fermentopathies, autoimmune, infectious-toxic, and iatrogenic factors are considered as etiological factors. However, in a significant percentage of cases, there is an idiopathic form of the disease, which, according to different authors, accounts for from 50 to 90% of cases. -
The article discuss issues of creatine use safety in pregnant women. Literature search has shown that although the use of creatine during pregnancy in humans is not yet fully understood, long-term use of this agent in adults is considered absolutely safe. Authors discourse about creatine synthesis pathways by the fetus, the mechanisms of transfer through the placental barrier. Considerable attention is paid on evidence of benefit of creatine supplementation during pregnancy for prevention and reduction of oxidative stress, fetoplacental hypoxia arising from various types gestational complications, such as fetal growth restriction, premature birth, and cases of fetal hypoxic conditions. -
VAGINAL POLYMICROBIAL COMMUNITY: HIS CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSISThe review article presents an analysis of the literature data characterizing the vaginal microbiota in bacterial vaginosis. Л modern view of the pathogenetic properties of Gardnerella vaginalis isolated in women with and without BV is presented. Issues related to the mechanisms of maintaining the vaginal ecosystem with the participation of Lactobacillus iners were discussed. Pathogenetic bases of bacterial vaginosis development associated with biofilm formation and release of lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria are considered.
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DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF CYTOKINE PARAMETERS IN SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME IN NEWBORNSThe authors conducted a study on the cytokine status of newborns with perinatal infectionsand non infec-tionsdisease in newborns. It was found that newborns with intrauterine infections arc characterized by high levels of IL-6. IL-8 TNF-a in venous blood. IFN-y and IL-6 are prognostic markers for newborns with perinatal pathology of non-infectious origin. Simultaneous increase in their concentration indicates an unfavorable outcome.
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Premature labor (PL) continues to be at the epicenter of obstetricians and gynecologists attention around the world. The nature of the relationship between the synthesis of placenta-specific proteins and uterine hemodynamics in threatening preterm labor was studied. The study included 150 women with a clinic of threatened preterm birth with gestational terms from 22 to 36.6 weeks (main group), who were treated in the Perinatal Center and City Maternity Complex in Bukhara. The control group consisted of 50 pregnant women with the physiological course of gestation at the same time. The revealed character of correlations between the content of gravidar proteins and the parameter of uterine hemodynamics in threatening preterm labor indicates the presence of progressive disorders in the motherplacenta-fetus system. The results of the study dictate the need for further study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of miscarriage in order to improve the existing principles of treatment. -
Artificial ovulation of unwanted fertility (abortion) is one of the main medical and social factors that negatively affect women's reproductive health. The organization Butunjahon soeli saklash recognized abortion as a serious problem of female reproductive health saklash. All over the world, Har is one or more appeals to a troublemaker aimed at suppressing the abuse of freedom throughout the life of a woman of the same species. The annual number of abortions in the world is about 56 million, of which 25 million are unsafe, resulting in 22,000 women dying, and this accounts for 8% of all maternal deaths. -
APPROACHES TO MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MATERNAL AND FETAL BLOOD FLOWStrategies of multiscale computational modeling, extending from the cellular to the organ level, are the primary tools for studying the dynamic interaction of factors involved in the development of placental dysfunction. Recent years have been marked by significant evolutionary achievements in understanding the physiology and pathophysiology of pregnancy using computational methods for assessing the vascular system not only of the uterus and placenta, but also of the mother and fetus as a whole. So. new approaches in the field of in vivo and ex vivo imaging have given scientists access to the creation of new multiscale models of the uterus and placenta. The multiscale of the models provides a new clinically significant understanding of the pathology of pregnancy and defines the facets on which various scientific disciplines, from cell biology to in vivo imaging, can be combined using computational approaches.
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Kin and uterine aplasia (Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome MRSS) aellar ginsy can be considered a congenital disease characterized by a dysmorphic genesis of ginsy AZO, divided into a normal karyotype (46 XX) of cholera by the nature of the violation of the rivo-zhlanma of the yollars of Muller, divided by nodal recursion of the aellar ginsy of the yollars [12]. Anomaly of reproduction of the gastrointestinal tract AZO, exogen, endothelial tasir in accordance with the effects of ferromesonephral (Muller) excision of the caudal part of the gallbladder, elongation of organs, relapse of organs, anomalies of the development of the siydik azhratish system in 40% of cases (agenesis of the buirak in one direction), intestines (intestinal atresia of the Orca), bones (buttock atresia) scoliosis) and in combination with cardiac nuances [ 3.6]. Aellar ginsey azolar relapse relapse occurs in 3-4% of cases, is characterized by a violation of the reproductive system in 6,7-25% of cases. Ginsi azolar reported anomalies in current vacts increased by 14%, environmental emanation of the case -
Relevance. Anomalies of the development of gin are encountered in combination with an anomaly of the development of the uterus in the uterus, accounting for a total of 6.5% of gynecologii diseases in girls [5,8]. Anomalies of the development of the sexual system include polyethiological disorders, chromosomal and gene diseases, teratosis of certain genes, abnormal effects of hormonal changes during organogenesis, and others [5,1,4]. In the case of normal kariotip (46XX) of women, the most common ruptured gin and uterine aplasia (Mayer-Rokitansky-Kyuster-Chauzer syndrome - MRKX) is characterized by button dysmorphogenesis of the genitals [10,11,13]. -
Premature birth occurs in about 20% of pregnancies [1]. In many developed countries, rates are rising. The problem of maternal and child health protection is of paramount importance for the formation of a healthy generation from the earliest period of life [2]. -
REDUCTION MAMMOPLASTY IN WOMEN WITH SEVERE BREAST HYPERTROPHY USING A T-SHAPED INCISIONThis article presents a clinical case of a patient with reconstructive plasty performed in a 36-year-old patient B. with a diagnosis of "Bilateral accessory mammary gland with concomitant macromastia and severe mammoptosis of the 3rd degree”. Considering the large breast size and the presence of III degree mammoptosis and the presence of additional mammary glands, the patient underwent a one-stage operation "Bilateral reduction mammoplasty using the technique of T-shaped incisions with simultaneous removal of additional mammary glands." Below are the stages of performing the operation "Bilateral reduction mammoplasty using the technique of T-shaped incisions with simultaneous removal of additional mammary glands" in a schematic form and the results of this operation.
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MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ULTRASONIC ANATOMY OF THE YELLOW SACKS AS A FACTOR OF FETAL LOSSThe article provides data on the study of the size of the yolk sac of pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome up to 8 weeks of pregnancy. Studied ultrasound anatomy, the nature of development in the early gestational period. In case of a violation of pregnancy, the yolk sac in the first trimester is characterized either by other sizes, or not determined. The diameter of this extraembryonic organ is one of the criteria that allows you to assess the state of the developing fetus.
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DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC METHODS FOR NON-HOSPITAL PNEUMONIA WITH ATYPICAL ETIOLOGY IN CHILDRENDiagnosis and treatment of atypieal community-acquired pneumonia in children is a topical issue in pediatric practice. Pneumonia today is one of the most common diseases of childhood, which occupies one of the main places of morbidity and mortality. Delayed diagnosis and inadequate therapy are among the primary causes of poor outcomes of pneumonia in children. To optimize treatment, in order to differentiate the typical or atypical etiology of community-acquired pneumonia, we performed PCR, express methods for determining the value of the level of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in blood plasma in children. And thanks to the answers, they carried out treatment with antibacterial and antiviral drugs. We have treated 80 patients aged 2 to 7 years, who were divided into 2 groups. The patientswere hospitalized in the departments of emergency pediatrics and the department of children's intensive care of the Samarkand branch of the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Aid. the Samarkand Regional Children’s Multidisciplinary Medical Center, family polyclinics №3. 40 patients underwent complex therapy, which included an antibacterial drug, antiviral drugs in an age-specific dosage for 10 days. Clinical manifestations of group I, stopped almost 1.5 times faster than patients from group II. Complex treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with atypical etiology with an antibiotic and antiviral drug has shown that they are the most effective, preventing and reducing the severity of the disease.
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We have studied the assessment of the significance of various risk factors for the birth of a child with congenital developmental anomalies in the Bukhara region. A method for the rational formation of risk groups among pregnant women is proposed, which will increase the level of timely diagnosis of congenital malformations and reduce perinatal and infant mortality in the Bukhara region. The risk factors were folate deficiency (24.9%), vitamin D deficiency (9.8%), zinc deficiency (12.9%) and chronic iodine deficiency (7.5%). In the course of the analysis, congenital malformations of the nervous system were revealed (34.03%). the second place was taken by multiple congenital malformations - (19.9%), the third - congenital malformations of the circulator)' system (2.27%). -
CHANGES IN IMMUNOLOGICAL INDICATORS AND PROTEASIS INHIBITORS IN WOMEN IN EARLY PREGNANCYThe work studied changes in immunological parameters and protease inhibitors in women without infections and with an infection of the genitourinary system in the early stages up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. It was concluded that the presence of infectious factors in the absence of a significant proinflammatory immune response in early pregnancy and a sufficient corrective reaction of protease inhibitors and TGF-01 may contribute to a favorable course of early pregnancy and the development of a full-fledged pregnancy. Therefore, studies of pro-inflammatory (TNF-u. IL-10) and anti-inflammatory interleukins (IL-10), as well as protease inhibitors (a -1-anti-trypsin) and TGF-01 can be used as markers of the adequacy and degree of correction of the immune system at early stages, terms of pregnancy.
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IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL CANCER BASED ON LIQUID CYTOLOGY AND ONCOPROTEIN 53Cervical cancer remains a major preventive cancer (oncology) problem in both developed and developing countries, being the third leading cause of cancer mortality among women worldwide. Since the introduction of organized cytological screening programmes among the population, there has been a sharp decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer in many countries. Regardless of this encouraging result, the overall effectiveness of cervical cytologic screening of the cervix, the Papanicolaou smear is still far from optimal. Screening programmes using traditional cytology have successfully reduced the risk of cervical cancer, but new tests such as liquid cytology and human papillomavirus testing could improve screening and accuracy of the data received, and studying the p53 gene, which plays a key role in preventing tumors, could help treat malignancies. The purpose of this report was to study the descriptions of modem minimally invasive methods for determining cervical cancer risks and the possibility of using them in screening oroerammes.
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Oligohydramnion is associated with the development of acute fetal hypoxia in 26% of cases and in 11.3 44.5% of children with asphyxia when analyzing the results of pregnancy, which leads to morphofunctional damage to the central nervous system, respiratory disorders and aspiration syndrome. Acute water shortages arc 5 times more common than metabolic acidosis. CTG can be used to monitor the condition of the fetus both during pregnancy and during childbirth. Depending on the presence or absence of risk factors, direct or indirect CTG is used today. -
Preventive measures aimed at reducing the risk of perinatal transmission of HIV from an infected mother to a child are among the most urgent tasks of modern obstetrics. -
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE PROCESS OF DECIDUALIZATION AFTER SPONTANEOUS ABORTION IN WOMEN WITH ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROMEIn the structure of obstetric diseases, a violation of the process of endometrial implantation occurs due to many diseases. The endometrium is a rare functional and morphological target structure that leads to disruption of the decidual process during pregnancy as a result of the interaction of hormones, autoimmune processes caused by its damage.
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COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PLACENTA IN WOMEN WITH HYPERTENSIVE CONDITIONSI his article presents a comparative analysis ot morphological and functional changes in the placenta and placental site in pregnant women with various types of hypertensive conditions. The modem ultrastructural methods for the study of the placenta in women with preeclampsia and with a physiological full-term pregnancy have been carried out.
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This article discusses the clinical and echodopplerographic features of cervical cancer, which allows to improve the differential, topical and clarifying diagnosis of malignant tumors of the uterus. The material for the study included 115 patients with cervical cancer who applied to the Andijan branch of the cancer center. The revealed clinical and echodopplerographic features of CC made it possible to predict the course, outcome of the disease and to choose the optimal methods of treatment. Ultrasound monitoring of patients with CC, allows to assess the effectiveness of treatment and timely detect metastases and disease progression.
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