All articles - Philosophy

The article examines the socio-educational and artistic-aesthetic factors of the creative perfection of the great poet and thinker Alisher Navoi, firstly, the fact that he thoroughly studied the Koran and the Sunnah, followed these two powerful sources without deviations, and secondly, that he read the works great Islamic thinkers, experts in Sufism and continuously developing their ideas, gave highly artistic interpretations in his works, thirdly, that he perfectly knew the history of the Turkish people to whom he belonged, and that he was able to mobilize all his creative and scientific potential to protect and elevation of the honor and glory of the nation.
It discusses how Alisher Navoi followed the principles of faith and Sharia, tafsirs and hadiths read by the great thinker, the works of Sufism scholars. His artistic interpretation of religious-enlightenment and philosophical-mystical ideas at a high level is confirmed by the analysis of his work. The essence of the parts of "Hamsa" is being investigated, such as "hamd" (praise of Allah), "munajat" (request to Allah) and "nat" (praise of the prophet). Analytical views are put forward on the
complementarity of Islamism and nationalism, the support of the concept of the great poet's work on Islamic enlightenment, which did not prevent his works from expressing the national spirit. As a result of the analysis, theoretical generalizations are made.

The article analyzes the study of the work of the Azerbaijan poet and playwright Huseyn Jovid in Uzbekistan. Analytical views were expressed regarding the attention of the author’s works at the beginning of the twentieth century of the great Uzbek poet and playwright Abdulhamid Chulpan, the translation of his works into Uzbek by Usmon Kuchkor and Tahir Kahhor at the beginning of the 21st century, the dissertation about the work of Huseyn Jovid in the Uzbek literary criticism, as well as the creation of a number of research today. On a scientific basis, is illuminated the role of the literary heritage of Hussein Jovid in the development of Uzbek-Azerbaijan literary relations is highlighted.

The scientific concept of the article is that the national literary-aesthetic thinking is of primary criterion in evaluating a writer’s work and the essence of literature is determined by the artistic interpretation of the national spirit. The best examples of folk literature in the world, regardless of the language in which it is written, is on the agenda as a question number one to be analyzed scientifically in terms of the expression of the national spirit. Abdulla Kadiri’s novel “Days Gone By” has been analyzed in twentiethcentury Uzbek literature as a work that can meet this criterion.

According to the author, the national spirit is reflected in the novel “Days Gone By” on the basis of the following three principles: 1) the interpretation of specific customs, traditions, values, dreams and aspirations of the nation, embodying the spirit of the nation; 2) an expression of the nation’s potential to look at itself in a critical spirit; 3) poetic depiction of fixed beliefs inherent in national personalities in the play. In turn, the first of these principles embodies the morals of the nation, the second - the will, and the third - the beliefs, and this trinity forms the national spirit as a whole.

At the end of the article, the research results are theoretically summarized.

Hazrat Alisher Navoi's works are the pinnacle of the nation's artistic and aesthetic thinking. It is difficult to find a thinker who has reached such a high level of creative perfection in the literature of Uzbek or other Turkic peoples, or even in world literature. That is why there is no poet or writer among his successors who did not learn from Hazrat Navoi's art studio. But there are not many artists who perfected and developed the poetic traditions of the great poet, even if it was through specific poetic images or symbols. The lyrics of Furqat son of Zakirjon Khalmuhammad are of special importance as they are included in the list of such unique creations.

Интерпретация «мани» и описание «ахли Маони» в творчестве Алишера Навои

Without a deep study of the history of the text of classical works of art, it is impossible to talk about the progress of the science of textology. Because the concept of text history is one of the basic theoretical foundations of textual studies. "The history of the text includes all the processes from the investigation of the genealogy of the manuscript sources to the study of the worldview and ideas of the author and the scribe who copied the source, from the realization of the author's creative intention in the creation of the work to the study of its interrelated aspects with other literary monuments that are related to its creation to one degree or another" [6 ,9], it becomes more clear how important it is to study this scientific problem.

In the article it is written regarding the works of one of the productive poets, Mukhammad Khasan Mutrib who led a life in the late 19th and in the beginning of 20th centuries literal period in Khorazm. Moreover, it is illustrated some scientifically proven datum about the clause, article as well as about the copies of manuscript. The article “Devom Mutrib Khonaxarob” takes vitally important role with the feature that it indicates Mutr Khonaxarob’s whole legacy of creative works involving tautology and source ology.

Бадиий адабиёт ривожида ижодий анъаналарнинг урни алохида. Ижодий анъана, биринчид-». муайян даврга мансуб шоиру адибларнинг салафлар махоратидан сабок олишлари, иккинчидан, поэтик образ ва поэтик шаклларнинг янгиланиши, такомиллашувини таъмин этишига кура адабий-эсте- тик тафаккур такомилига хизмат килади. Хоразм адабий мухити намояндалари, жумладан, Мутрг шеъриятига Алишер Навоий анъаналарининг таъсирини урганиш ана шу жихатдан долзарбдир.

Навоийшунослик тарихида ўтган асрнинг 60-йиллари қўлёзма манбаларни ўрганиш ҳамда нашрга тайёрлаш ишларига эътибор сиёсий талаб даражасида кўтарилганлиги билан ажралади. Бу давр навоийшунослиги шоир ижодини муҳим ва долзарб муаммолар бўйича тадқиқ этиш босқичига кўтарила борди. Навоийшуносликда янгича тамойилларнинг ривож топиши шоир ижодини ўрганишда турли йўналишдаги илмий-эстетик таҳлиллар кўпая борганлиги, илмий мақола, монографиялар билан бирга илмий тадқиқот ишлари олиб борилиши кенгайганлиги ҳамда навоийшунослик ишлари кўплаб олимлар томонидан махсус тадқиқ этила бошланганлиги билан аҳамият касб этади. Ушбу монографияда навоийшунос, матншунос олима Суйима Ғаниеванинг тадқиқот усуллари ва мезонлари тадқиқ этилган.
Монография адабиётшунос олимлар, олий ўқув юртининг ўзбек филологияси талабалари, магистрантлар ҳамда Суйима Ғаниева илмий фаолияти билан қизиққан кенг китобхонлар оммаси учун мўлжалланган.

In the monograph, based on a handwritten and lithographic source, a scientific monographic description of the manuscripts of the poet's poems is carried out. Muthrib's poems have been analyzed comparatively and textually, and his lyrical works have been studied in the field of text history, editing and interpretation, and theoretical issues. Reliable texts of the artist's lyrical poems have been restored on the basis of primary sources. The monograph is intended for scientists, researchers and philologists who are interested in textual criticism and literary criticism, Uzbek classical and national Renaissance literature.

In the textual studies of the peoples of the world, attention to the study of national literary heritage based on primary sources is growing stronger than ever. The study of manuscript sources makes it possible to restore the texts of the works of a poet or writer in accordance with the original (at least close to it), regardless of the period in which they lived. Without restoring a reliable text, the poet's work cannot be analyzed in terms of theoretical problems of literary studies. In world textology, research is being conducted on such scientific problems as comparative analysis of manuscript sources, creating a scientific biography of the creator, and studying the history of the text of an artistic work. Among them, a great deal of experience, knowledge and material has been collected within the framework of studying the sources of Eastern manuscripts spread throughout the world's libraries, including the works of Alisher Navoi and Babur, great figures of Turkish literature. Extensive research is the basis for the creation of the theoretical foundations of textual studies. Uzbek textology has progressed on the basis of existing scientific experiences and has achieved certain results in the study of classic literary sources. Researching the literary heritage of authors who have left a bright mark in the history of national literature, studying manuscript and lithographic sources based on the latest scientific achievements is one of the primary tasks of source studies and textual studies. After all, "...studying and promoting Uzbek classic and modern literature at the international level, analyzing this multifaceted topic in integral connection with the most important processes taking place in the world's literary space today, creating the necessary scientific - drawing practical conclusions is of great importance..." 1 . Accordingly, it becomes clear that it is urgent to carry out a scientific monographic study of the sources of the lyric divan of Khorezm literary environment representative Mutrib Khonakharob (1853-1923), study the textual history of the poet's works, and develop the principles of preparing a scientific and critical text. The study of Mutrib's work began during the poet's lifetime. Tabibiy recognizes the achievements of the poet in poetry and music in the collections "Majmuat ush-shuaroyi payravi Feruzshahi" and "Majmuat mukhammasot ush-shuaroyi Feruzshahi". "Biographies of poets and writers of Khiva" by Hasanmurad Laffasi, "Poets and singers of Khorezm" by Bobojon Tarroh, "Tazkirayi Qayyumiy" by Polatjon Qayyumiy also provide valuable information about the poet's work. O. Sharafiddinov, M. Yunusov, N.M. Mallayev, Yu. Yusupov, M. Pirnazarov, A. Abdugafurov published articles. These articles cover the biography of the poet, the ideological scope and artistry of his works, thematic and genre features of his literary heritage. But in most of them, the poet's works were interpreted under the influence of communist ideology. M. Pirnazarov studied manuscript and lithographic sources of Mutrib's lyrical heritage, subject scope, genre features, and artistic skills. Although this research provided valuable information for its time, problems such as creating a scientific biography of the poet, researching the author's works in the field of theoretical problems of textual studies, and creating a scientific-critical text are still waiting to be solved. In studying the poet's literary heritage, the book "Mutrib Khonaharobi (Ref. Collection)" is noteworthy. However, besides the fact that the text of these poems is not complete, there are also errors in the reading of words. In this tutorial, the manuscripts numbered 906/VII, 903/IV, 2679/II of the Department of Muhammad Hasan Mutrib kept in the main and H. Sulayman funds of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as Turkish manuscripts in bayoz, complex and tazkira poems, information about the poems in manuscript bayoz kept in Khiva Ichonqala Muhammad Rahimkhan Feruz II Museum.

Relevance and necessity of the dissertation topic. In the textual studies of the peoples of the world, attention to the study of national literary heritage based on primary sources is growing stronger than ever. The study of manuscript sources, regardless of the era in which they lived, allows to restore the texts of the works of a poet or writer according to the original (at least close to it). Without restoring a reliable text, the poet's work cannot be analyzed in terms of theoretical problems of literary studies. In world textology, research is being conducted on scientific problems such as comparative analysis of manuscript sources, creating a scientific biography of the creator, studying the history of the text of an artistic work. Among them, a great deal of experience, knowledge and material was collected in the framework of studying the sources of Eastern manuscripts scattered throughout the world's libraries, including the works of Alisher Navoi and Babur, great figures of Turkish literature. Extensive research is the basis for the creation of the theoretical foundations of textual studies. Uzbek textology is progressing on the basis of existing scientific experiences and has achieved and is achieving certain results in the study of classic literary sources. Researching the literary heritage of creators who left a bright mark in the history of national literature based on the original, studying manuscript and lithographic sources based on the latest scientific achievements is one of the priority tasks of source studies and textual studies. Because "... it is of great importance to study and promote Uzbek classic and modern literature at the international level, to analyze this multifaceted topic in integral connection with the most important processes taking place in the world literary space today, and to draw the necessary scientific and practical conclusions" 1 . Accordingly, it becomes clear that it is urgent to carry out a scientific-monographic study of the sources of the lyric book of Khorezm's representative Mutrib Khonakharob (1853-1923), to study the textual history of the poet's works, and to develop the principles of preparing a scientific-critical text. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PQ-4797 of May 13, 2016 "On the establishment of the Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi", No. PQ-2995 of May 24, 2017 "System of preservation, research and promotion of ancient written sources" the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 17, 2017 No. PQ-2789 "On measures to further improve the activities of the Academy of Sciences, the organization, management and financing of scientific research" and other related to this activity This thesis research serves to a certain extent in the implementation of the tasks defined in the regulatory and legal documents.

В данной статье, опираясь на самые последние достижения Навоиведения, исследуются становление философского мировоззрения Алишера Навои, идейные истоки, которые оказали ключевое влияние на формирование его мистического (суфийского) учения. Известно, что на формирование мировоззрения Алишера Навои оказали влияние многие мыслители такие как Низами Ганджави, Амир Хосров Дехлави, Абдурахман Джами. Великий мыслитель Фаридуддин Аттор также оказал огромное влияние на становление и формирования его мировозрения. История говорит о том, что Алишер Навои будучи ребенком знал наизусть его произведение которое полностью признано суфийским по содержанию. Вся жизнь и деятельность Алишера Навои, как человека и государственного чиновника, образ мысли говорят нам о том, что он является истинным суфием по убеждению и образу жизни, сделавшим очень много для своего народа и страны. Рассмотрены многие произведения Алишера Навои и на основе анализа уточнено, что богословские труды великого мыслителя, в первую очередь, "Хамсат-уль-мутахаййирин" (Пятерица изумлений), Муножат" (Мольба к богу), "Насайим ул-мухаббат" (Веяния любви...) и многие другие, содержат аспекты, которые связаны с тасаввуф (суфизмом). Именно в них он воспевает многие понятия а именно любовь к Богу, ко всему сущему, особенно к человеку. В этом плане определено, что наибольший интерес представляет произведение Алишера Навои "Лисон ут-тайр" (Язык птиц), написанный как вариант "Речи птиц" Фаридудина Аттара на узбекском языке.

XVIII аср олмон мумтоз эстетикасининг асосчиларидан ҳисобланган Иммануил Кант (Kant / 1724-1804) ўз ижодий изланишларининг маҳсули сифатида ‘Тўзаллик ва улугворлик туйгулари устидан кузатишлар” (1764), “Соф ақлнинг танқиди” (1781), “Амалий ақлнинг танқиди” (1788), “Мулоҳаза қобилиятининг танқиди” (1796) каби йирик асарларни ёзиб қолдирган.

0‘rta asr musulmon falsafasini Abu Rayxon Beruniy asarlari orqali 0‘rganish borliq, uning mavjudlik usul va shakllari to‘g‘risidagi taTimotini o'rganish borliq to'g'risidagi tasavvurlarimiz cvolyusiyasini aniqlashtirishda muhim hisoblanadi. Darhaqiqat, Bcruniyning tabiiy-ilmiy va falsafly qarashlari o'zaro uyg'un holda rivojlangan boTib, o'ziga xos naturfalsafiy ko'rinishga egaligi mavjud adabiyotlarda yetarli darajada toTa ochib berilmaganligi sababli, uni maxsus tadqiq etish talab etiladi. Bcruniyning falsafly qarashlari, xususan borliq haqidagi ilmiy ta’limoti ko'plab chct cl va rcspublikamiz manbaashunos olimlari tomonidan jiddiy o'rganilib kelinayotganligiga qaramay, uni maxsus tadqiq etish, falsafly umumlashtirish, xulosalash va baho berish ishlari hali yakunlamnaganligini ham ta'kidlash lozim. Bu holat mutafakkirning borliq to‘g‘risidagi ta’limotini yangicha yondashish asosida tadqiq etishning o‘ta dolzarb muammo ekanligini ko'rsatmoqda.

Ushbu maqolada bugungi davrda jahonda dunyoni bilishning dastlabki usulini, inson tafakkuri imkoniyatlarini ochib berish shaklini aniqlash, falsafiy dunyoqarash jamiyatdagi ziddiyatlarni bartaraf qilishda ong, tafakkur va tasavvur hamda aqliy bilishning ahamiyati to‘g’risida fikr yuritilgan. 

Этнические группы в славянском мире характеризуется динамичностью и мозаичностью. Исследователи находятся в научном поиске и при этом должны учитывать константы, связанные с историей этносов входящих в славянском мире и результатами его жизнедеятельности. Автор анализирует культурные истоки славян, славянскую культуру, мифологию и язык на основе концепции В. С. Мухиной о реалиях внешнего мира как условия развития и бытия личности: 1 – предметного мира, 2 – природного мира, 3 – реалий образно-знаковых систем и 4 – реалий социально-нормативного пространства.

Қадимги асотирларда турли шакл ва мазмунда акс этган “сунъий интеллект” концепцияси ХХ асрга келиб (1950) илмий муомалага киритилган. Шу вақтдан бошлаб “сунъий интеллект”га доир бир неча ўн мингдан ортиқ тезис, илмий мақола, қўлланма, монография нашрэтилган бўлса ҳам унинг фалсафий моҳияти етарли очиб берилмаган. Мақолада интеллект, “сунъий интеллект”нинг инсон ва жамият ҳаётидаги муҳим аҳамияти, қадриятлар тизимидаги ўрни, “сунъий интеллект”нинг ахлоқий баҳоси, “сунъий интеллект”га доир фантастик асарларда илгари сурилган ғояларнинг фалсафий моҳияти, инсонни мукаммаллик сари йўллайдиган “трансгуманизм” тарафдорлари илгари сурган қарашлар фалсафий таҳлил қилиниб, инсон энг олий қадрият экани илмий далилланган.

This article discusses the issues of childlessness of fathers in the traditional life of the Karakalpaks from an early period, which are reflected in folk epics. The epic direction and various motivations are revealed.

The article examines the problems of the important process of dialogue of cultures, through the use of rich material from the Holy Scriptures of mankind and the Koran, in particular, in explaining modern specific problems of literary interaction. Revealing the essence of the cultural and iconic text contained in the Koran as the quintessence of eternal spiritual values, phenomenally combining Islamic spirituality and universal ideals, helps to determine the universal value coordinates of humanity and affirm the importance and necessity of analyzing this

Данная научная статья исследует влияние персидских калек (заимствований) на содержание и структуру произведения "Кутадгу Билиг". В статье представлены результаты исследования, основанные на сравнительном анализе персидских и тюркских языков, а также на анализе сходств и различий между персидскими и тюркскими культурами. Возможными причинами использования персидских калек в "Кутадгу Билиг" считаются политические, социальные и культурные взаимодействия между тюркскими и персидскими народами в то время. Заимствования не только обогатили текст произведения, но и отражают культурные связи и взаимодействия между различными народами и языками в историческом контексте. В нашей статье мы используем фрагменты из произведения Кутадгу Билиг, переведенное на английский язык Р.Данкоффом, и на русский язык С.Ивановым.

The article considers literature as a whole as one of the ways to know the world, humanity, and oneself.

This article discuses the results of observation monitoring to determine the current condition of the architectural monument of the Juma Mosque, located in the museum reserve "Ichan Qala" in Khiva, which is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

The article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of criticism of biblical texts, which is one of the directions of modern biblical studies (or isagogy). In particular, his textological, historical, literary, source, traditional and editorial criticism approaches are mentioned. With such an approach and theoretical foundations, it helps to identify the times of creation and spread of religious sources.