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STYLISTIC MEANS OF EXPRESSING RESPECT IN ENGLISH
AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Sobirova Zilola Kamoliddin qizi
Uzbekistan State World Languages University Master’s student
This given publication work aims at revealing different stylistic means of
expressing respect in English and analyse these means in the thesis. The aim of the
thesis is to discuss the usage of stylistic means for showing respect.
Stylistics helps linguistics to use different words in various style of speech with
stylistic colouring and stylistic means. Since stylistics aims at using words colourfully
stylistic means are very important in the sphere of Stylistics. With an activity-based
understanding of style, any linguistic methods and stylistic means aimed at reflecting
the content-specific originality of the text in its speech organization become style-
forming: in the interconnections of text units specific to the sphere of communication.
Stylistic means are: linguistic units, tropes and figures of speech, as well as stylistic
devices, speech strategies and tactics used in expression style. Traditionally sentence
with name only such linguistic units that have extra contextual stylistic connotations. This
is due to the fact that in the linguistic style of the first half of the XX century. the
understanding of style as a certain set of linguistic units of the same type prevailed, i.e. as
a site of the linguistic structure. Wed variety of stylistic connotations in synonymous series,
for example: drunk, drunk, walked around, oblique, drunk, under steam, under a fly, writes
monograms with his feet, makes a pretzel with his feet, does not turn his tongue, does not
knit bast, dad-mom cannot say etc.
See what “Stylistic means” is in other dictionaries:
– stylistic possibilities of syntax means, their role in generating stylistically
marked statements; the ability of syntactic units to act as expressive stylistic means,
i.e. associated with the achievement of...
– stylistic devices- Subjective linguistic factor of text formation, reflecting a
special way of text organization, chosen by the author for the most adequate
reflection of his vision of the world and the described situation. Stylistic techniques
that enhance...
– stylistic devices- Subjective linguistic factor of text formation, reflecting a
special way of text organization, chosen by the author for the most adequate
reflection of his vision of the world and the described situation. Stylistic techniques
that enhance...
Tropes (from the Greek tropos
– turn, turn of speech) is a transfer of a name,
which consists in the fact that a word, a sentence, traditionally calling one object or
phenomenon, a process, is used in a given speech situation to designate another
object or phenomenon. The mechanism of action of tropes is the combination in one
word or statement of two semantic plans: a collective-linguistic one, corresponding
to the literal meaning of a linguistic unit, and a situational one, related to a given case.
Figures of speech
– 1) in a broad sense: any linguistic means, including tropes
that give speech imagery and expressiveness; 2) in narrow sense: syntagmatically
formed means of expression.
Stylistic means have a kind of radiating effect. They noticeably colour the whole
of the utterance no matter whether they are logical or emotional. Not every stylistic
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use of a language fact will come under the term SD, although some usages call forth
a stylistic meaning. There are practically unlimited possibilities of presenting any
language fact in what is vaguely called its stylistic use. For a language fact to be
promoted to the level of an SD there is one indispensable requirement, which has
already been mentioned above, that it should so be used to call forth a twofold
perception of lexical or/and structural meanings. Even a nonce use can and very
often does create the necessary conditions for the appearance of an SD. Only when
a newly minted language unit, which materializes the twofold application of
meanings, occurs repeatedly in different environments, can it spring into life as an
SD and subsequently be registered in the system of SDs of the given language.
Stylistic and rhythm-creating forms of cohesion in many cases interlace, as the
above, mentioned forms also do by the way. For example,The euphemism Lady for
a woman. As P. Trudgill observes, English speakers tell their children that it is
impolite to call or refer to someone as a woman (but not as a man). Shop assistants
in Britain may be referred to as sales ladies (but not sales gentlemen). Ladies’ wear
can be found for sale. A euphemism has become necessary because of the
unfavourable connotations that the word “woman” has for some people. This is as a
result of the low status women typically has in a society, and because of the sexual
implications that the word has in a male-dominated society.
In comparison with Uzbek culture euphemisms “lady”, and “girl” instead of
woman, which are used among English speakers, are also common in Uzbek
speakers but it has another more beautiful alternatives. They are “qiz” (young
female), “ayol” (adult female), onakhon (senior female). In Uzbek language the root
of euphemism is closely connected with religion. In Muslims’ religion speaking bad
words, even making someone sad by telling straightforward words is considered a
sin. For example: it is shame to call husband with his name in front of others, so that
instead of it “dadajonisi” (father of my children), with the name of the eldest child,
“turmush o‘rtoq” (companion during my life), “jufti halolim” (my halal couple). Wives
also have several
euphemistic words as: “onasi” (mother of my children), “rafiqam”
(my beloved), “bolalarim” (my family), “turmush o‘rtoq” (companion during my life),
“jufti halolim” (my halal pair).
Above mentioned examples show that stylistic means are important in order to
use words in different colours in different styles. In both languages in English and
Uzbek stylistics means are in the same task as in both languages they have main
role and these are effective ways in order to show respect.
REFERENCES:
1.
Azim Hojiyev, O‘zbek tili sinonimlarining izohli lug‘ati” Moskva, 1981.
2. Hojieva H. Area of respect in the Uzbek language and its linguistic-speech
features.: Philol. candidate of sciences... dis.
– Samarkand, 2001. – P. 120.
3. I.R.
Galperin “English stylistics” – Moscow.
4. U.K.
Yusupov “Contrastive linguistics of the English and Uzbek languages”
– Tashkent, 2008 – P. 106.
5. The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume03Issu.
6. The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume03Issu
7. English-language Wiktionary [
Електронний ресурс]. – http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/.