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GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION AND PREVENTION OF PERINATAL
COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN
1
Shokirova Ch.T.
2
Nasirova F J.
3
Ismoilova Sh.T.,
1,2
Andijan State Medical Institute
3
PhD in Medical Sciences, Obstetrician-Gynecologist, Fergana State Medical
Organization (FSMO), Maternity Hospital
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14676575
Relevance
Gestational hypertension (GH), a form of high blood pressure occurring after 20 weeks of
gestation, is a common condition that affects approximately 5-10% of pregnancies globally.
This condition is associated with significant maternal and perinatal risks, including
preeclampsia, placental abruption, preterm delivery, and intrauterine growth restriction
(IUGR). The increasing prevalence of GH, particularly in populations with higher rates of
obesity and metabolic syndrome, underscores the necessity for proactive management and
prevention strategies to reduce adverse outcomes.
Objective
The primary objective of this research is to explore effective strategies for preventing
perinatal complications in pregnant women with gestational hypertension. This involves
identifying risk factors, implementing evidence-based interventions, and evaluating the impact
of these measures on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Materials and Methods
This study was conducted on 200 pregnant women attending prenatal clinics, with 150
diagnosed with gestational hypertension and 50 normotensive pregnancies serving as controls.
Data were collected through clinical evaluations, including blood pressure monitoring,
ultrasonography, and laboratory tests such as complete blood count and proteinuria screening.
The effectiveness of various management strategies, including lifestyle modifications,
pharmacological treatment (e.g., labetalol and nifedipine), and close antenatal monitoring, was
analyzed. Statistical tools such as regression analysis and comparative t-tests were employed
to assess outcomes.
Results
The findings indicate that early detection and timely management of gestational
hypertension significantly reduce the risk of complications. Among the intervention group:
- The incidence of preeclampsia decreased by 40% through the use of antihypertensive
medications and dietary modifications.
- Regular Doppler ultrasonography improved fetal growth monitoring, reducing IUGR
cases by 35%.
- Comprehensive prenatal care, including stress management programs, led to a 20%
reduction in preterm deliveries.
However, delayed diagnosis and inadequate compliance with treatment protocols were
associated with higher rates of adverse outcomes.
Conclusion
This study emphasizes the critical role of early screening and multidisciplinary
management in reducing perinatal complications among women with gestational hypertension.
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Personalized care plans, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches,
significantly improve maternal and neonatal health. Future research should focus on the
development of predictive biomarkers for early identification of high-risk pregnancies and
innovative interventions to address socioeconomic barriers to care.
References:
1.
ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 202: Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia. Obstetrics &
Gynecology, 2019.
2.
Magee, L. A., et al. (2014). Management of hypertension in pregnancy. BMJ, 349, g5332.
3.
Sibai, B. M. (2003). Diagnosis and management of gestational hypertension and
preeclampsia. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 102(1), 181-192.
4.
World Health Organization. (2022). WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment
of preeclampsia and eclampsia.
5.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2019). Hypertension in
pregnancy: diagnosis and management.
