Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
1
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
01-07
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
METADATA
IF
–
5.625
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The irrigated soils scattered in the Khorezm oasis on the lower shore of Amudarya have great potential in the
agriculture of our republic. Therefore, the creation of a system of measures aimed at preserving and protecting them,
increasing production capacity and productivity, and improving land reclamation is one of the most important current
issues of today.
KEYWORDS
Water properties, irrigated soils and khorazm region.
INTRODUCTION
It is important to deeply analyze the current
agrophysical condition of the main soils distributed in
the territory of the Khorezm oasis, to determine the
change in the level of soil fertility as a result of
irrigation, and to develop the scientific basis for its
improvement. In order to solve this goal, it is necessary
to study the properties of water in the soil layers,
taking into account the geomorphological, lithological
Research Article
WATER PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF KHORAZM REGION
Submission Date:
December 01, 2022,
Accepted Date:
December 05, 2022,
Published Date:
December 09, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume02Issue12-01
R. Kurvontoev
Scientific Research Institute Of Soil Science And Agrochemistry, Tashkent Region, Qibray District, "Botanika"
Neighborhood Citizens' Meeting, Uzpiti Street, Taiti, Uzbekistan
K. Fayziev
Gulistan State University, 120100. Syrdarya Region, Gulistan City, Iv Microdistrict Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajahi
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
2
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
01-07
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
METADATA
IF
–
5.625
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
and hydrogeological conditions of the soil. In different
periods, the ameliorative state of the Amudarya lower
reaches, including the Khorezm oasis, soil cover,
distribution, chemical, physical-chemical and including
water-physical properties were studied by various
factors [1-4].
However, since these scientific works were carried out
in the past, the current state of the Khorezm oasis soils
does not fully describe the period. Therefore, it is
necessary to carry out scientific research in order to
reflect the current situation.
Research object and methods. The irrigated soils of
Khorezm region serve as a research object. The water
properties of these soils are generally accepted, the
methods are soil moisture drying method at 1050 C,
water capacities in laboratory conditions by cylinder
method and water permeability in field conditions by
S.I. It was determined by the Dolgov method.
Analysis of the obtained results. Knowledge of water-
physical properties of soil under irrigated agriculture is
important in increasing its productivity. Water-physical
properties determine soil moisture consumption and
mobility, as well as nutrient uptake.
Water properties of the irrigated meadow soils of
Khorezm region are different levels of moisture
obtained during the cutting period, where the
influence of irrigation and erosion seepage can be
observed. The effect of the Eros storm water is clearly
visible in the grassy soils scattered in I. Kholmetov
Water Consumption Association (WCA) of Gurlan
district, "Khorazm" WCA of Shavat district and Al-
Khorazmi WCA. Their amount fluctuates from 24 to 32%
in the layers close to the seepage water. At all the
obtained points, it is possible to observe a sharp
decrease in moisture in the driving layer. At the same
time, a lack of natural moisture was observed in some
deep layers with a light mechanical composition.
According to the results of the research, the field
moisture capacity (FMC) in the upper meter layer of
weakly saline sandy loam, light sandy and grassy soils
is 22% on average, and this indicator is 22-23% in relation
to the soil mass in light medium sandy types with
moderate salinity. (Table 1)
Thus, it was determined that the water properties of
the soils, their mechanical composition, layer density,
mineralogical and salinity levels are not homogeneous
due to the haze. According to the obtained data, total
and capillary moisture capacity is slightly higher in
grassland soils. For example: KNS - 30-32%, and TNS - 35-
37%, respectively, of the driving layer obtained from the
entire section. In the driving layer, this value is slightly
reduced.
Table 1
Water capacity of irrigated soils of Khorezm region
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
3
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
01-07
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
METADATA
IF
–
5.625
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Location
№
Layer depth,
см
FMC
KNS
TNS
Location
№
Layer depth,
см
FMC
KNS
TNS
"Bogolon" WCA, Yangibozor district
Khanka District Al-Khorazmi WCA
88
0-35
22,20 30,55 35,41
589
0-30
21,52 31,25 36,11
35-55
22,30 31,21 36,40
30-37
21,00 31,15 36,23
55-100
21,50 31,18 36,90
37-50
22,72 31,16 36,56
100-150
21,80 31,91 36,10
50-70
22,36 31,57 36,18
150-200
21,90 31,01 36,80
70-100
21,52 31,25 36,11
Gurlan district I. Kholmetov WCA
Bogot district "Tashkent" WCA
136
0-30
22,56 31,09 36,58
643
0-35
22,43 31,41 36,53
30-50
21,90 30,70 36,36
35-50
21,42 31,81 36,36
50-86
22,07 31,10 36,36
50-80
21,62 32,43 37,10
86-130
21,90 31,50 36,30
80-100
21,42 31,81 36,36
"Khorazm" WCA of Shavat district
Khozorasp district Yu. Sherjonov WCA
265
0-32
22,60 30,82 36,30
788
0-30
21,62 31,76 36,48
32-48
21,10 31,69 36,61
30-50
21,52 31,20 36,11
48-75
21,16 31,38 36,49
50-75
21,73 31,52 36,41
75-105
21,51 31,39 36,62
75-110
21,32 31,61 36,02
105-140
22,80 31,37 36,60
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
4
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
01-07
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
METADATA
IF
–
5.625
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
At the same time, the heavy mechanical composition
of old irrigated grassland soils has a slightly higher
water capacity (27.3-28.5%) than their medium and light
soils. Due to the fact that the mechanical composition
of individual layers is not the same, the water capacity
is also different.
Old and newly irrigated meadow soils are close to
seepage water and have a relatively high water
capacity, which is 27% of soil weight in one-meter
layers.
In some layers, the water capacity fluctuates from 22%
to 29% due to changes in mechanical composition and
salinity.
Due to differences in mechanical, mineralogical
composition, density and salinity of irrigated meadow
soils of Khorezm region, their water properties are not
the same.
Water permeability of soils and soils is considered the
most important water-physical properties. Water
permeability is of great importance in the agronomic
and reclamation classification of soils, and it
comprehensively determines the water regime,
irrigation techniques, salt washing, the occurrence of
erosion and other activities.
In order to efficiently use irrigation water in irrigated
agriculture of Khorezm region, it is important to study
and manage soil permeability. The soils of the districts
where we have conducted research are distinguished
by their own characteristics and diversity, that is, they
have different mechanical composition, many layers,
different levels of salinity and compaction, and their
water permeability is also different. Among them,
weak-medium salinity, sandy-light sandy loam
mechanical composition meadow and gray-meadow
soils, which are irrigated from new water, have good
water permeability properties (Table 2).
The lightness of the mechanical composition of soils,
the abundance of water-resistant aggregates in the
upper layers and the lack of compaction cause high
water permeability. The irrigated soils of the Khorezm
region are irrigated soils of medium loam, strong
salinity, with low water permeability. The reason for
low water permeability of these soils is the aggravation
of the mechanical composition, the presence of highly
dense (HO 1.50-1.64; total porosity 38-43) layers. It can
be explained as follows that the rate of absorption in
saline soils is high at the beginning (3.47-5.94 mm/min)
and by the end of the 6th hour (0.04-0.08 mm/min). A
large amount of water-soluble salts dissolves under the
influence of water and passes into the soil solution and
is washed into deep layers. As a result of the release of
salt in these layers, the aggregates are dispersed
(spread) and the soil becomes a whole mass with a
high density (1.64 g/cm3).
The high water permeability of the irrigated soils of
Khorezm region in the fall is the reason for the low
density of the soil and the deep location of the seepage
waters with the same composition and high porosity in
the soil section. At the same time, absorption is slow in
somewhat compacted, saline and saline, plastered
soils.
Weak-medium salinity, medium-heavy mechanical
composition soils that are irrigated with satisfactory
water permeability are characterized by their poor
structure, compaction and close location of seepage
water. Violation of the granular structural state of
irrigated soils worsens water permeability. In such
places, it becomes difficult for water to penetrate into
the lower layer. Also, it was found that water
permeability is poor in old irrigated soils with heavy
mechanical composition, presence of a dense subsoil
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
5
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
01-07
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
METADATA
IF
–
5.625
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
layer, and saline soils with a lot of sodium cation in the
absorption complex.
Depending on soil moisture, plowing time and the
quality of agrotechnical measures used in farming, the
state of water permeability in layers also changes.
According to the cultural condition of the soil, it was
found that the water permeability is also different,
despite being of the same type.
Table 2
Water permeability of irrigated soils of Khorezm region
Loc
atio
n
№
Time interval
Total
liters
Coefficient of
creep.
10
mins
30
mins
60
mins
2
hours
3
hour
s
4
hour
s
5
hour
s
6
hour
s
mm/
day
m
3
/ha
"Bogolon" WCA, Yangibozor district
88
3,73 0,52 0,79 0,55
0,74
0,62
0,49
0,19
2167
5
0,70
291
Gurlan district I. Kholmetov WCA
136 2,22 0,19 0,12 0,048 0,028 0,019 0,014 0,010 2095 0,020
8
"Khorazm" WCA of Shavat district
265 5,28 0,29 0,12 0,049 0,035 0,024 0,017 0,014 8160 0,034
14
Khanka district "Galaba" WCA
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
6
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
01-07
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
METADATA
IF
–
5.625
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
396 1,70 0,23
0,08
2
0,035 0,021 0,014 0,011 0,008 1735 0,030
12
Khanka District Al-Khorazmi WCA
589 7,77 0,36 0,32 0,35
0,21
0,15
0,10 0,083 9675
0,21
87
Bogot district "Tashkent" WCA
643 4,76 0,72 0,33 0,27
0,16
0,11 0,090 0,074 8136
0,15
65
Khozorasp district Yu. Sherjonov WCA
788 5,21 0,69 0,33 0,16 0,099 0,071 0,054 0,043 6492 0,102
42
CONCLUSION
Summing up, it should be noted that the basis of the
water-physical properties of the soil of Khorezm region
depends on its mechanical composition, general
physical and description of the soil-forming mother
rock, its effect is manifested in volume mass, field
moisture capacity, water permeability, changing it to a
positive aspect is definitely agrotechnical. the water
properties of irrigated soils are improved under the
influence of measures:
a) macro- and micro-aggregates increase in the plowed
layer, forming an acceptable density, and overall
porosity and water permeability increase.
b) field moisture capacity and productive active
moisture content increase at the limit of root
propagation of plants.
Condensed and heavy mechanical composition soils
consisting of different layers are characterized by low
water permeability and 8-68 m3 per hectare of water is
absorbed at a rate of 0.020-0.15 m3 per day, and in
porous, non-consolidated soils, water per hectare is
104-291 m3 It can be absorbed at a rate of 0.25-0.70
m/day, which in turn determines the proper
distribution of irrigation water.
REFERENCES
1.
Турсунов Л.Т., Абдуллаев С.А. –
Почвенно
-
физическая
характеристика
Низовья
Амударьи. Ташкент, «Фан», 1987, с.47
2.
Л.Турсунов, Почвенные условия орошаемых
земель
западной
части
Узбекистана.
Ташкент, Фан 1981, с.130
-162
3.
“Хоразм вилояти тупро
қ
лари”
Тошкент,
«Фан» 2003 188 б
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
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2771-2559)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
01-07
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
METADATA
IF
–
5.625
Publisher:
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4.
R.Kulmatov.,
J.Mirzaev.,
J.Abuduwaili.,
B.Karimov. Challenges for the sustainable use
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irrigation zone (Uzbekistan) under changing
climate and salinization. Journal of Arid Land
(2020)
12(1):
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103.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40333-020-0092-8.
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R.Kulmatov.,
J.Mirzaev.,
A.Taylakov.,
J.Abuduwaili., B.Karimov. Quantitative and
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-09406-y.
