Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
152
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
152-158
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article discusses the competences and requirements for leaders who work in the preschool education system.
KEYWORDS
Leader, management, education, basic competence, communication, system analysis, planning, control.
INTRODUCTION
During the past period, large-scale work was carried
out in our country on the establishment of an effective
system of preschool education aimed at bringing the
growing generation to a healthy and comprehensively
mature adult, introducing effective forms and methods
of education and upbringing into the educational
process. At the same time, the conducted analysis
shows the need to solve the issues of ensuring
coverage of children with preschool education, filling
preschool educational organizations with modern
teaching and methodical materials and literature,
attracting qualified pedagogues and management
personnel to the field. In accordance with the decision
of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated
May 8, 2019 "On approval of the concept of
development of the preschool education system of the
Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030" No. , ensuring equal
access to it, developing public-private partnership in
this
field,
introducing
innovations,
advanced
pedagogical and information and communication
technologies into the preschool education system.
Research Article
LEADER COMPETENCY AND ITS SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS IN
MANAGING THE SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM
Submission Date:
February 19, 2024,
Accepted Date:
February 24, 2024,
Published Date:
February 29, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume04Issue02-23
Abdullaeva Nafisa Shavkatovna
Associate Professor, Vice-Rector For Educational And Methodical Affairs At The Institute For Retraining And
Advanced Training Of Directors And Specialists Of Preschool Education Organizations, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
153
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
152-158
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
In
the
process
of
socio-economic
reforms
implemented in our country, the development of
production, ensuring the economic stability of
organizations and enterprises depends in many
respects on the quality of training of managers and
specialists who meet the requirements of the time.
Today, in the conditions of establishing a socially
oriented market economy, management science
occupies a special place in the training of managers
(managers), their qualification improvement and
retraining. The stages of formation and development
of the management science are explained by long-
standing historical periods, management was formed
as a separate, independent science at the end of the
19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.
Management is an English word, and in Uzbek it means
management
organization
(management,
management authority, organization), leadership
(planning,
regulation-coordination,
control).
Management is a set of methods, forms and means of
coordinating activities, i.e. the activities of people or
their groups, to achieve the intended goals. In simple
terms, management generally means organizing one
or another type of activity and leading it, that is,
coordinating the behavior and relations of people
operating in various fields, organizing, controlling and
managing the proper use of their capabilities and
abilities. First of all, management means managing
people, making them interested in their activities,
creative approach to entrepreneurship, work, forming
feelings of self-confidence, helping them to acquire
knowledge, skills and skills in various fields,
encouraging innovation and creativity, managing
people's activities.
Educational management is a management organized
on a scientific basis, based on a unique organization: a
leader, a pedagogical team, a team of learners.
Accordingly, management can be carried out on the
basis of different models: an integrated model, the first
stage - management of the activities of the
pedagogical team, the second stage - management of
the students' activities. The main goal of educational
management is to coordinate the relations and
activities of managers, specialists and executives who
are participants in the educational process, to ensure
effective management in the organization of the
educational process organized in educational
institutions on a scientific basis, to achieve the goals
set for the institution and to prepare competitive
graduates. .
F.Taylor (1856-1915) was one of the first experts to
study management, he was interested in the efficiency
of organizational activities, not human efficiency, he
laid the foundation for the development of the school
of scientific management and, as the founder of the
school of "Scientific Management", he developed the
methodology of the basics of labor regulation,
selecting workers for practice applied a scientific
approach to obtaining, placing and promoting
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
154
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
152-158
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
cocktails. Development of management science F. and
L. The Shilberts are also associated with the name, they
conducted research in the field of labor movements
and developed scientific principles of workplace
organization. One of the founders of management
theories A. Fayol distinguishes 5 main functions of the
management
process:
planning,
organization,
selection and placement of personnel, leadership
(motivation) and control. A. The essence of the
principles developed by Fayol is as follows: cocktail
distribution; responsibility of authority and power;
discipline;
leadership
unit;
command
unit;
subordination of personal interest to common interest;
the balance of centralized and decentralized
management of cocktail incentives; coordinating the
work of one type of managers; arrangement; justice;
sincerity; staff persistence; initiative.
Preschool education is a decisive factor of social well-
being. The study of scientific literature shows that the
problem of assessing the quality of personnel training
for the preschool education system is very complex.
Without solving this problem, the main goal of the
preschool education system, the formation of the
state's personnel potential, cannot be achieved.
The scientists of our republic gave different definitions
to management competence based on their views.
Professional competence of the head and pedagogic
personnel of the higher education institution - to have
the knowledge, skills and qualifications necessary for
effective activity in the field of education, research and
management, personal and social qualities, the ability
to make independent decisions in specific and non-
standard situations, self-management and is the level
of preparedness associated with feeling responsible
for each behavior.
The managerial competence of the head of the
preschool
educational
organization
is
the
management functions of the leader in preschool
educational organizations
It is an integral personal-professional description that
determines the readiness and ability to perform
professionally, knowledge, values, communicative and
organizational-methodical activity components, which
ensures the effective performance of management
tasks.
We believe that it is necessary for leaders and
pedagogues working in the preschool education
system to have the following basic competencies:
- Socio-legal competence
- Personal-reflexive competence
-Communicative competence
- Systematic analysis competence
- Competence in using information communication
technologies.
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
155
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
152-158
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Leaders operating in the preschool education system
must have professional-pedagogical and management
competencies.
Professional competence includes the acquisition of
pedagogical and psychological knowledge.
Management competence includes leadership, conflict
management, project management, strategic thinking,
creativity, openness to innovation and several other
competencies.
Today's peaceful, prosperous life, socio-economic
situation and tomorrow's prospects of every family,
labor team, system, ministry, sector and country
depend to a large extent on the personality of the
leader who leads it, his spirituality, intelligence,
knowledge, life experience, human qualities, depends
on the individual-psychological characteristics of a
person.
Every leader working in the management system of
preschool education should know and follow the
requirements set for him/her:
- The leader, first of all, should be a good expert in his
field, having worked in different stages and aspects of
it, in different positions, should have shown himself in
a positive way;
- Must like to work with people, enjoy this activity, be
able to express his love for people;
- Organizational and initiative qualities must be
sufficiently developed in the leader;
- He must clearly imagine the achievements and
problems of his organization, institution, field, and
know well the ways of development that determine
their prospects;
- It is necessary to always feel the need to introduce
new things in one's field, at the same time, to work
knowing that not every "shiny" thing is "gold" and to
work knowing that the old is not always bad;
- The leader should not try to perform all tasks by
himself, but should distribute them correctly from him
to the following leader, control the timely completion
of tasks, if necessary, coordinate the activities of the
leaders in smaller positions under him, train his
employees to work independently and with initiative;
- He should know the strengths and weaknesses of his
personnel, potential opportunities and accordingly use
their opportunities appropriately;
- It is necessary to create conditions for the growth of
young, promising personnel as specialists and leaders,
to increase their activity, and gradually entrust them
with leadership work;
- It is necessary to motivate the personnel morally and
materially according to their work;
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
156
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
152-158
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
- It is necessary to ensure the formation of the team as
a united family by creating a healthy psychological
environment in the team and strengthening kindness
among employees;
- The leader should be a good psychologist and take
into account the age, gender, national, individual-
psychological characteristics of his employees;
- It is better not to forget the need to use authoritarian
methods for some employees, in some situations,
while using mainly democratic methods among
leadership styles;
- The leader should take measures to ensure the social
protection of his employees, but he should not teach
the social protection employees to be careless, on the
contrary, he should motivate them to improve their
economic conditions by working extra;
- The leader must not do actions that cause the
"activation" of gossipers, misers who cannot see
themselves, sometimes even their brothers and sisters,
who are "looking for dirt between their fingernails"
and who are present in almost every team, institution,
and system;
- It is necessary for the leader to think about the honor
and reputation of his system, institution, team, not to
allow it to depreciate and to form this feeling in his
employees;
- The leader should not "suck" his employees to
another system, leaders. He must protect them, if
necessary, apply severe punishments himself in the
interest of the business;
-Leadership requires the leader to exercise restraint, to
be able to control his emotions with reason and
thinking. On important issues, he should follow the
principle of "seven measures - one person";
- The leader should always be with his employees in
good and bad days, weddings and mourning, and
provide material and moral support to his employees;
- The leader needs to be in a good mood, because his
emotional state affects the mood of his employees;
- The leader should have a culture of communication
and a sense of humor. Sometimes it can show the
shortcomings of some employees as a joke. In this
case, the manager's reprimand does not fall on the
employee, but the employee understands his mistake;
- The correct selection of personnel, their placement
based on the requirements of the assigned position,
the selection of personnel, especially junior leaders,
should be based on the professional and human
qualities of the person as the main criteria;
- The leader should achieve feelings of love and sincere
respect for his personality, not fear of him, but with his
behavior, communication culture, kindness to his
employees and several other human qualities;
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
157
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
152-158
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
-Having heard well that it is impossible to work without
mistakes in leadership activities, one should not strive
to work without mistakes, but should work efficiently,
make mistakes as little as possible, and take measures
to eliminate them in time.
- Employees should be given more freedom and
independence. It is necessary to avoid controlling their
every step. Forgiveness for mistakes made when
introducing news. It is necessary to give time and
opportunity for them to correct their mistakes;
- The tasks set before the employees should be clear
and clear, within their reach, and at the same time, the
level of complexity should increase as much as possible
in the course of the employees' activities, and serve to
form them as good specialists and leaders;
- The leader should strive to be a role model for his
employees in living a healthy life, providing cultural
recreation, always actively working on himself as a
specialist and leader, being able to rationally get out of
the most difficult situations, openly expressing high
human qualities;
-It is in accordance with the purpose of thinking about
issues that can define the perspective of one's system,
team, institution for several hours every week and
discussing the ideas born in a narrow circle with
experts;
- Just as nothing in the world is eternal, leadership is
not eternal either, the leader should not understand it
only as a source of ensuring his well-being, he must
have "administrative-social immunity" against this
"disease". First of all, every leader should have a deep
understanding of what kind of name he will have
among the people, which will be determined by the
content of his leadership activity.
- It is useful for a leader to see himself from time to time
through the eyes of others: his employees, strangers,
those who are not under his control. Not everyone
values it the same way, because they include friends,
enemies, underdogs who can't tell the truth, people
who can't see success, and other categories of people.
Therefore, it should not be forgotten that the
generalized assessment obtained from many, different
classes of people is close to the objective assessment;
- The objective assessment of each leader is given in
most cases when the leader leaves the job, after being
transferred to another job or position. Every leader
should not forget this and should have a clear idea of
how the employees around him and under his control
may react after leaving work from time to time.
- There are leaders who half the fortunes of thousands
of people for the sake of their own and their loved
ones' today's well-being, interests, and there are
leaders who make the fortunes of thousands of people
tomorrow, not only today, but with their
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
158
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
152-158
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
entrepreneurship, business acumen and philanthropy.
He lives well and feeds his people
-One of the requirements for a leader, whose
importance is increasing year by year, is to be able to
communicate freely in one of the foreign languages
while knowing his mother tongue and Russian
perfectly.
In conclusion, it can be said that regardless of the level
of education, paying attention to the knowledge, skills
and qualifications of the leader who works in it and
putting him in his place is one of the main factors of
system development. It is important that the leader
has management competence and knows the
requirements of the leader. The high management
competence of the leader is the basis for increasing the
quality of education and increasing the responsibility
for the work among the employees.
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