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GREEN ECONOMY AND ECOLOGICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: AS A
BUSINESS MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Gulkhayokhon Kurgonova Erkaboy kizi
+998200049662
AJOU university in Tashkent
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15797182
Abstract:
This thesis analyzes the role of green economy and ecological
entrepreneurship in sustainable development based on statistical data. The
increasing share of renewable energy sources in the Republic of Uzbekistan and
the annual growth rates of ecological entrepreneurship entities are cited. The
volume of green investments on a global scale and their economic impact are
also highlighted. Based on the analysis, the prospects for the development of the
green economy in Uzbekistan are identified and proposals are made.
Keywords:
Green economy, ecological entrepreneurship, renewable
energy, green investments, sustainable development, Uzbekistan, economic
growth, ecological policy.
The issue of sustainable development of the global economy in the 21st
century is considered one of the most important tasks facing humanity. It is
proven in practice that classical models of economic growth are often
accompanied by environmental damage, limited natural resources and
disruption of the ecological balance. In particular, the “pollute - produce -
consume” model, which was formed during the period of industrial
development, is showing its negative consequences today . This has created the
need to form new, environmentally friendly and sustainable economic models.
Among such models,
the green economy
and the concept of
ecological
entrepreneurship
is gaining relevance.
Green economy is an integrative approach to economic development based
on environmental safety, social justice and efficient use of resources. In such an
economic model, the main emphasis is on increasing energy efficiency, reducing
waste, using renewable resources, minimizing negative environmental impacts.
Documents such as the World Economic Forum, the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP), and the European Union's Green Deal
strategy promote this concept. A green economy provides not only
environmental sustainability, but also economic growth through new jobs,
investment attractiveness and innovation [ 1] .
areas in the green economy is
ecological entrepreneurship.
is considered.
Ecological entrepreneurship is a business activity that serves society not only by
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generating economic profit, but also by having a positive impact on the
environment. In this model, the entrepreneur offers solutions to environmental
problems through his product or service. For example, activities such as waste
recycling, clean energy production, bio-food production, and the development of
water-saving technologies fall into the field of ecological entrepreneurship [ 2 ].
In Uzbekistan , in recent years, important legal and institutional
foundations have been created for the implementation of the green economy
concept. In particular, the Decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan
No. PF-128 dated August 4, 2023 “On the Strategy for the Development of
the Green Economy until 2030”
states that the modernization of the country's
economic structure based on environmentally friendly and low-carbon models is
a priority 33 3 . Also, mechanisms for encouraging ecological entrepreneurship
are being improved through the Law “ On Environmental Protection ” and the
Law “On Renewable Energy Sources” [ 4] .
At the same time, there are still problems in the development of ecological
entrepreneurship. In particular, there are factors such as the high cost of
ecological technologies, limited sources of financing, low level of ecological
culture of the population, and lack of qualified specialists in this field. This
creates the need for a comprehensive solution to the problem. First of all,
insurance mechanisms , simplified credit lines ,
and
tax incentives
should
be introduced for ecological business entities. Second,
startup funds
and
incubation centers
supporting ecological business areas should be established.
Third,
media campaigns
to increase the ecological knowledge and skills of the
population
and
educational programs
It is advisable to implement [5] .
International experience shows that the transition to a green economy does
not reduce economic benefits, but rather makes it more sustainable and efficient
in the long term. For example, in Germany, more than 300,000 new jobs were
created as part of the energy transformation called “Energiewende”, and in the
USA, most enterprises that have introduced environmental technologies have
become competitive businesses using tax incentives. It is necessary to adapt
such approaches to Uzbekistan, test them in local conditions and put them into
practice.
The development of the green economy and ecological entrepreneurship is
manifested not only in theoretical concepts, but also in practical results. In
recent years, Uzbekistan has been observing significant indicators in this
direction. As of 2023, the share of renewable energy capacity in the country
reached 24.4 percent, and its share in the total volume of energy produced was
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approximately 10–12 percent. By 2030, this figure is planned to increase to 40–
54 percent[6].
The annual growth of green businesses is also significant: in 2023, 16 new
solar and wind power plants were commissioned, with a capacity of 3,500 MW.
This growth indicates that the sector is expanding by an average of about 30–
50% per year [7] .
Globally, green investments are expected to reach $1.77 trillion in 2023 and
$2.1 trillion in 2024, representing an annual growth rate of 11 percent globally.
China leads the way in these investments ($818 billion), followed by the United
States with $338 billion, and Europe with $360–380 billion in green projects [8] .
Statistical data confirm that the concept of a green economy is being
developed in Uzbekistan . At the same time, taking into account international
experience, it is necessary to support ecological entrepreneurship , improve the
investment climate and introduce technological innovations. This will contribute
to the sustainable and environmentally friendly development of the country's
economy.
The green economy and eco-business sectors are becoming increasingly
important for sustainable development in Uzbekistan. According to available
statistics , the share of renewable energy is increasing, and eco-business
activities are expanding. The growing volume of green investments worldwide
opens up new opportunities for Uzbekistan . By supporting these areas in the
country, an innovative and environmentally sustainable model of the economy
can be formed
References:
1.
IRENA. Renewable Energy Statistics 2024. - Abu Dhabi: International
Renewable Energy Agency, 2024.
2.
Uzbekistan No. PF-128 dated August 4, 2023 "On the Strategy for the
Development of the Green Economy until 2030".
3.
of the Republic of Uzbekistan. – www.energy.gov.uz (official information
for 2024).
4.
Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF). Global Energy Investment Trends
2024. – New York: BloombergNEF, 2024.
5.
UNEP. Global Green Investment Report 2024. - Geneva: United Nations
Environment Programme, 2024.
6.
IRENA. Renewable Energy Statistics 2024. - Abu Dhabi: International
Renewable Energy Agency, 2024.
7.
of the Republic of Uzbekistan. – www.energy.gov.uz (2024).
CURRENT APPROACHES AND NEW RESEARCH IN
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8.
BloombergNEF. Global Energy Investment Trends 2024. - New York:
Bloomberg, 2024; UNEP. Global Green Investment Report. - Geneva, 2024.
