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INFLUENCE OF THE EMOTIONAL SPHERE ON COMMUNICATION
DIFFICULTIES IN ADOLESCENCE
Rakhimova Etibor Rustamovna
is an independent researcher at the Urgentsky State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15075409
It is known that a person's emotions and feelings differ depending on their
nature, depth, influence on the process of activity, and intensity. The peculiarity
of emotions and feelings lies in the fact that they express a person's positive or
negative attitude towards a particular phenomenon. Depending on the
manifestation of emotions and feelings, they can be divided into deep and
shallow types. At the same time, depending on the activity level, emotions and
feelings can be divided into sthenic and asthenic. In particular, depending on the
specifics of emotions, they can be divided into the following: 1) emotional tone
of feeling; 2) emotional goodwill; 3) mood; 4) conflict emotional state; 5) high
emotions. Based on the foregoing, we will try to think about emotional well-
being.
Emotional benevolence is the rapid emotional response to changes
occurring in the environment. Emotional well-being is connected with the
emotional development of a person, their emotional tone. One of the types of
emotional goodwill is syntonia - the expression of emotional sympathy towards
other people, which is one of the important social qualities of a person.
Socio-emotional relations in themselves are considered by scientists as a
general process and consist of two components, namely impressive (acceptance
and understanding of emotional states) and affective empathic goodwill as an
emotional affective understanding of another person. Emotional goodwill, by its
nature, manifests as a separate emotional reaction, but can also be a steadily
developed feeling. According to V.K. Vilunas, an important determinant of
emotional self-expression is the interaction of emotional reactions, their change
under changing conditions, and the emergence of new ones [2].
The subordination of these processes to certain regularities makes it
possible to distinguish dynamic processes. In our research, this situation
manifests itself in various empathetic well-wishes:
- empathy - feeling the emotions of another person as if they were your
own;
- the subject's understanding and feeling of the inner experiences of
another person;
-striving to help. The importance of these components of empathic goodwill
was also emphasized by another scientist.
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Accordingly, K. Rogers[3] distinguished emotional, cognitive, and
humanistic empathy.
The basis for the above-mentioned division of the emotional state can be
the formation of motivation for empathetic goodwill in relation to the interests
of another person. The composition of socio-emotional processes depends on
what internal mechanism arises in response to the incoming signal, the state of
this mechanism, the nature of the signal, and the individual's circumstances. One
signal causes different socio-emotional reactions in everyone depending on
whether the person has the opportunity to respond to it. It was the need, motive,
and its role in the socio-emotional development of the individual that led to the
emergence of a major psychological trend - the motivational aspect. According to
the supporters of this movement, the motivational mechanism that forms an
emotional attitude towards the subject and environment is important in the
socio-emotional development of the individual. The extent to which a person's
communication experience is extensive and systematized, the degree to which
they have developed themselves as a person, the images, thoughts, and feelings
that arise in them when understanding the state of another person, influences
their current activity.
Here it can be said that the emotional sphere of a person is inherently
complex and diverse in its manifestations, in other words, individualized. In
many psychological studies aimed at studying the specific individuality of
emotions, aspects that are clearly manifested in the organization of personality
development and activity have been studied. Nevertheless, the influence of less
pronounced, almost imperceptible, and temporary emotions on a person's
activity was also discussed.
The most important of the above is emotional goodwill. Emotional goodwill
is an elementary and widespread form of the individual's emotional sphere. It
arises directly in the process of perceiving the object and is a subtle and short-
lived sympathy of the subject towards it, which can also be expressed in words:
pleasant-unpleasant, like-dislike, indifference.
Each sensory influence has a certain significance. In other words, the
subject is satisfied or not satisfied with this action. Emotional goodwill arises as
a result of physical, functional, semantic, assemantic, or other influences of the
object. The response of the selected emotional well-being to the physical
characteristic is studied, since this characteristic is universal by its nature. From
various physical properties of the object, emotional well-being towards its
specific form has been studied extensively. In some cases, needs prevail, while in
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others, another characteristic, independent of the nature of the need, may
prevail.
Here, three levels of emotional well-being can be cited. They are: upper,
middle, and lower. Let us dwell on each of them separately.
A high level of empathy is opposed to aggression and suffering and
manifests itself in yielding, quickly forgiving others (but not oneself), and being
ready to do even the most demanding work. The following differences are more
pronounced in individuals at this level compared to those at a lower one:
- acceleration of the heartbeat in relation to emotional stimuli;
-emotional, sensitive to crying;
- parents spent a lot of time with them, did not hide their emotions and
inner experiences;
- altruism manifests itself in real actions;
- manifests affiliate behavior (maintaining and strengthening friendly
relations);
- low level of aggressiveness in the individual;
- considering positive social characteristics as important;
- oriented towards moral evaluation[1].
Sympathy towards other people is a positive trait, and dependence on other
people, which prevents effective socialization, can lead to quick resentment and
even various psychosomatic disorders.
Moderate (normal) development of empathy is manifested in interpersonal
relationships when evaluating another person not based on their impressions,
but on their actions. Naturally, people of this category have good control over
their emotions, but nevertheless are short-sighted in interpersonal
relationships.
Lower levels of empathy have difficulty establishing communication with
other individuals, feel uncomfortable in large groups, do not understand
emotional actions, and often cannot find common ground with others.
Individuals at this level value their work characteristics more than their group's
tendency to make more effective, rational decisions, and their benevolence and
attentiveness towards others.
Choosing an ineffective path of behavior can be a consequence of the
individual's individuality or inability to participate in the life of another person.
The development of emotional goodwill can be achieved through the
development of communicative skills, especially listening to others, emotions.
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In our dissertation research, we focused on determining the degree of
connection between difficulty in communication and emotional well-being in a
person. For this purpose, the methods of V.A. Labunskaya "Diagnostics of
Psychological Difficulties in Communication" and "Emotional Goodwill" were
used in the group of subjects. The empirical data collected by the methodology
were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.
Table 1
Relationship between the components of communication difficulties
and the levels of emotional well-being in 7th grade students
Emotional goodwill
level
Components of communication difficulties
Expre
ss
ive
sp
eech
Soci
o-
per
cep
tu
al
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
ti
cs
Comm
uni
cat
ion
relat
ion
sh
ips
Coll
abor
at
ion
skil
ls
Comm
uni
cat
ion
ter
ms
Emotional goodwill
indicator
0,14
0,22**
0,11
0,15
0,05
According to the indicators presented in the table, it turned out that
emotional attitude has a significant correlation with socio-perceptual
characteristics (r=0.22; p≤0.01). From the results, it should be noted that the
formation of positive emotional attitudes towards others in adolescence serves
the formation of such important aspects as understanding the inner experiences,
states, and characteristics of other people. It should be noted that in
adolescence, according to the adequate perception of surrounding people, they
acquire knowledge, skills, and abilities about other people. This will serve as an
impetus for the effective establishment of interpersonal relationships in the
adolescent community.
This, in turn, is characterized by an increase in the sense of adulthood in the
personality of the adolescent, the ability to effectively manage and control their
emotions in any process, situation. It is self-evident that the active
implementation of the adolescent's system of relationships with others indicates
the development of their communication skills.
Based on the foregoing, it is advisable to draw the following conclusions:
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- the emergence of difficulties in communication during adolescence is
significantly related to the level of their emotional well-being;
- in the process of communication, the adolescent reflects a system of
emotional relationships with other people, as a result of which it can be pleasant
and unpleasant;
- in adolescence, among the components of communication difficulties, a
significant connection is noted between social perceptual characteristics and
emotional well-being.
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Психологический институт РАО. М.: Академия имиджелогии, 2006, с. 373–
380.
2. Психология эмоций. Тексты / Под ред. В. К. Вилюнаса, Ю. Б.
Гиппенрейтер. — М.: Изд-во Моск. ун-та, 1984. —288 с.
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