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THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF ACHIEVING
SOCIAL CONSENSUS IN ENSURING PUBLIC SECURITY
Shodmonova D. Shakhnoza
Researcher of Fergana State University,
Fergana, Uzbekistan
e-mail: alfargoniy.uz@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13329022
Abstract:
this article analyzes the theoretical and methodological
foundations of achieving social consensus in the provision of public safety.
Key words:
security, public safety, consensus, social consensus, social
contract, social compromise.
Due to the increasing number of threats and attacks on social stability in the
world, the task of developing social mechanisms aimed at achieving social
consensus in ensuring public safety is becoming more urgent. The dynamic
analysis of public security shows that the need to implement social contract,
agreement and social compromise policy is increasing in order to ensure the
stability of societies. The need to ensure public safety created an opportunity for
a new approach to social conflicts. Therefore, it is important to analyze the scope
and forms of manifestation of conflicts. For this reason, there is a need for
political research aimed at studying the problems of achieving social consensus
in the provision of public security.
Important theoretical and fundamental studies are being conducted by the
world's leading scientific research institutes and research centers dedicated to
the issues of achieving social consensus in the provision of public safety. On the
basis of these links, it is concluded that one of the important aspects of studying
conflicts in the field of social relations in the provision of public safety is the
issue of managing the development of dialectical conflicts in the development of
society. Therefore, there is a need for a systematic study of the issues of
achieving social consensus in the provision of public safety.
In the new development strategy of Uzbekistan, "improving preventive
mechanisms aimed at preventing factors that cause social threats, improving the
social and moral environment, preventing the influence of foreign ideas and
eliminating their problems through systematic work with those who have fallen
under their influence"[1] is a priority and main goal. designated as one of the
directions. In this way, the improvement of the mechanisms of ensuring public
safety, this is not unanimity and approval of everything with one voice, but getting
rid of the characteristics of rigid thinking and one-sidedness, forming the unity of
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the state and the people based on the diversity and diversity of opinions,
strengthening the trust of the population in the state and society. is aimed at
achieving. That's why the dialectical analysis of social consensus in ensuring
public safety is gaining relevance based on new approaches.
In this article, we will analyze the social necessity of ensuring public safety,
preventing threats against it, the manifestation of threats and their causes, and
social consequences. For this, first of all, it would be appropriate to review the
content, social content of the concepts of security and public safety.
Chambers' Dictionary defines "security" as "the state, means, or sense of
security." This concept is explained in connection with the loss of
"overcomprehensibility, anxiety", "confidence", "stability"[2].
In modern literature, the concept of "security" is considered as a system of
conditions and factors that develop on the basis of the object's limitation of its
functions and its internal laws [3]. Also, security is described as protection from
conditions and factors that pose a threat to an individual or society [4].
It should be emphasized that many definitions given to the concept of
"security" are criticized by scientists and practitioners. In our opinion, the main
reason for the lack of clarity in many definitions is that the definition of the
concept does not take into account risk, which is considered the dialectical
opposite of security. It is the study of the causes of the occurrence of danger that
allows us to give a more precise definition of the concept of "security". As stated
by G.A. Atamanov, security, as its derivative, acquires meaning in connection
with risk [5]. According to the author, "security" represents the state of the
object in the presence of internal and external influences, which is related to the
violation of the mechanism of vital existence of the system. It would not be
appropriate for him to perceive any threat as a danger, security comes from
overcoming danger.
Russian scientist V.I. According to Dahl, the term "security" is a complex
concept whose meaning seems intuitively self-explanatory. The concept of
"security" has a subjective meaning according to the usual perception of people,
that is, security is the state of protection of the subject from negative factors that
harm him. In other words, "security" can be defined as "absence of danger" [6].
Thus, the concept of "security" can be interpreted as the absence of danger
to someone or something.
Today, there are different definitions of security, and their authors are
based on different criteria. Sometimes it is imagined that "security is a condition,
traditions of development and conditions of life activity..."[7]. In addition, if
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security limits the progress of innovation, then it can lead to stagnation,
conservatism, regression. The security system should not only prevent changes
in quantity or quality, but also help to overcome the old forms without causing
harm to the society and the individual. In many cases, it is believed that
revealing the concept of "security" through the terms "protection", "protected",
"protecting" narrows its meaning. To protect is interpreted as closing
something, putting a barrier on something; it can be called a thing, an object, an
event, a guard, an obstacle to someone, something, and finally, a shield in the
correct and figurative sense when we say it simply. In modern encyclopedic
dictionaries, this word is interpreted in this way or in this way. However, we did
not find the interpretation of the important property and function of security -
reducing, eliminating, and warning risks and threats, which were thoroughly
disclosed in the literature. In particular, the meaning of the word "to protect"
reflects an important function of security, but it does not imply a complete
meaning.
Much of the literature defines "safety" as "the absence of potential harm." These
definitions, which can be taken as a basis, reflect two principles of security.
The principle that follows from the first definition is security, which is based on
the criterion of qualitative security. This criterion can take two values: 1
(security is ensured) or 0 (security is not ensured). If, during the assessment of
the security situation, it is concluded that the interests important to the
individual, society and the state are protected, then the criterion for ensuring
security is considered equal to 1 and it is decided that security is ensured.
However, if it is assumed that "full" security is provided, then the possibility of
harm from an incident is eliminated. If, during the assessment of the security
situation, it is concluded that the interests important to the individual, society
and the state are not protected, then the security criterion is considered equal to
0 and it is decided that security is not ensured.
The safety principle from the second definition always relies on the presumption
that the damage will occur, based on the assumption that "complete" safety
cannot be guaranteed. Thus, in different cultures of the world, generally the
same perceptions of security and threat have been formed, in which the
emphasis is placed on the intuitions and concerns of the individual about his
current and future situation.
That is, safety for a person is first of all knowing and feeling that he is protected
from various types of dangerous actions.
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As a result of the analysis, we present the following definition: ensuring
personal safety or eliminating the threat is considered as a state of public
consciousness, in which the existing quality levels of life of the whole society and
an individual are accepted as reliable. Because it gives citizens real opportunities
to meet their current natural and social needs and reasonable confidence in the
future.
The following opinion is also expressed about the occurrence of risks: The
occurrence of risks can be different according to certain conditions. In this
regard, some authors, despite the fact that its implementation is a logically
complex issue, use the concept of threat as a concept that specifies a certain risk
and reflects the probability of its occurrence [8].
As for the analysis of the concept of "public safety", it should be noted that many
views on the definition of this legal category have been formed in scientific
works today. The term "public safety" is widely used in various fields of
scientific knowledge and in the practical activities of executive authorities, as
well as law enforcement agencies. However, despite its widespread use,
unfortunately, today there is no unified approach to the definition of "public
safety". In this regard, it is appropriate to comprehensively analyze scientific
literature and current legal documents to determine the meaning of the concept
of "public safety".
References:
1. PF-60 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022
"On the development strategy of New Uzbekistan for 2022-2026" //
https://lex.uz/docs/5841063
2. Jon Lackie. Chambers Dictionary of csince and technology. – Edinburgh:
Chambers, 2007. – Рр 268.
3. Zaplatinsky V. M. Terminology of security science. Zbornik prispevkov z
medzinarodnej edeckej konferencie «Bezhecnostna veda a zpecnostne
vzdelanie». – Liptovsky Mikulas: AOS v Liptovskom Mikulasi, 2006. – P.78-80.
4. Dzliev M. I., Romanovich A. L., Ursul A. D. Security issues: theoretical and
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8. Sharikov A.V. If in doubt, exclude: Children and violence on the screen. //
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Muhammadiev N.E. National idea - development strategy. - Tashkent: Science,
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