ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT - BASED APPROACH
Darvishova Gulchehra Kenjabayevna
PhD in Philology,
The University of Public Safety of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Annotation: Project-based learning is filled with active and engaged learning.
This article outlines the benefits of the Project-based Approach. it inspires students to
obtain a deeper knowledge of the subjects they're studying. Research also indicates
that students are more likely to retain the knowledge gained through this approach far
more readily than through traditional textbook-centered learning.
Key words: progressive, differentiate, critical thinking, strategy, relevant,
genuine,
conceptual, applicable, collaborative, interaction
Pedagogy defines hundreds of terms that can be differentiated according to their
transparency. The term "project" occurs in pedagogical dictionaries and methodology
books in different combinations, e.g., Project Teaching, Project Method, Project
Approach, Project-based Approach, Project-centered Approach, Project-based
Learning often abbreviated as PBL. It might appear clear at first sight, but what is
seemingly familiar can turn into a "hard nut" during a deeper insight.
The project method is a genuine product of the American progressive education
movement. It was described in detail and definitively delimited for the first time by
William Heard Kilpatrick in his essay, "The Project Method," which became known
worldwide (Church & Sedale, 1976; Cremini, 1961; Kilpatrick, 1918; Rohr’s, 1977.
Recently, however, historical research has made great progress in answering the
question of when and where the term "project"-"Progetto" in Italian, "projet" in French,
"projekt" in German, and "proekt" in Russian-was used in the past to denote an
educational and learning device. According to recent studies, the "project" as a method
of institutionalized instruction is not a child of the industrial and progressive education
movement that arose in the United States at the end of the 19th century.
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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Confucius and Aristotle were early proponents of learning by doing. Socrates
modeled how to learn through questioning, inquiry, and critical thinking -- all strategies
that remain very relevant in today's PBL classrooms.
Although numerous advantages of project work naturally emerge from the
previous chapters, there is still a lot to add.
“The reason that Dewey, Paper, and others have advocated learning from projects
rather than from isolated problems is, in part, so that students can face the task of
formulating their own problems, guided on the one hand by the general goals they set,
and on the other hand by the 'interesting' phenomena and difficulties they discover
through their interaction with the environment”. Powerful pedagogical designs that aim
at the development of general problem skills, deeper conceptual understanding and
more applicable knowledge include, according to van Marionberry and Pass, the
following characteristics:
1. The use of complex, realistic and challenging problems that elicit in learners active
and constructive processes of knowledge and skill acquisition;
2. The inclusion of small group, collaborative work and ample opportunities for
interaction, communication and co-operation;
3. The encouragement of learners to set their own goals and provision of guidance for
students in taking more responsibility for their own learning activities an processes.
It allows students to work more autonomously to construct their own learning,
and culminates in realistic, student-generated products. More specifically, project-
based learning can be defined as follows:
1.
Focuses on the central concepts of a discipline.
2.
Engaging learning experiences that involve students in complex, real-world
projects through which they develop and apply skills and knowledge.
3.
Learning that requires students to draw from many information sources and
disciplines in order to solve problems.
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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4.
Learning in which curricular outcomes can be identified up-front, but in which
the outcomes of the student's learning process are neither predetermined nor
fully predictable.
5.
Experiences through which students learn to manage and allocate resources such
as time and materials
One of the many benefits of PBL is that is provides motivation for pupils to
engage in learning that is self-directed and based on their own interests. It creates the
framework for constructivist teaching and learning that promotes meaning to what
otherwise would be compartmentalized learning that sometimes lacks connection to
anything real or applicable to the life of the pupil.
Another important benefit of PBL is that it aims to develop many of the skills
desired by 21st Century employers, including the ability to work well with others, be
thoughtful and reflective in decision-making, take initiative, and solve complex
problems.
One of the many benefits of PBL is that is provides motivation for pupils to
engage in learning that is self-directed and based on their own interests. It creates the
framework for constructivist teaching and learning that promotes meaning to what
otherwise would be compartmentalized learning that sometimes lacks connection to
anything real or applicable to the life of the pupil. Another important benefit of PBL is
that it aims to develop many of the skills desired by 21st Century employers, including
the ability to work well with others, be thoughtful and reflective in decision-making,
take initiative, and solve complex problems.
In conclusion, supporters of project-based learning claim that as students
investigate and seek resolutions to problems, they acquire an understanding of key
principles and concepts. Project-based learning also places students in realistic,
contextualized problem-solving environments. In addition, students develop
confidence and self-direction as they move through both team-based and independent
work.
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ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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