ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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FITRATNING O'ZBEK ADABIYOTIGA QO'SHGAN HISSASI VA
UNING JADIDCHILIKDAGI ROLI
Filologiya va tillarni o’qitish yo’nalishi
11-1ing-24 guruh talabasi
Qosimova Feruza Qutlug’ qizi
Annotatsiya:
Mazkur maqolada
Oʻrta Osiya jadidchiligining taniqli vakili,oʻzbek
tarixchisi filolog Abdurauf Fitrat hayoti va ijodini oʻrganishga qaratilgan.Maqolada
Fitrat hayoti ,va adabiy merosi chuqur tahlil qilingan.Shuningdek,Fitratning oʻzbek
adabiyotiga qoʻshgan hissasi, jadidchilik davridagi xalqimiz uchun koʻrsatgan bqiyos
jonbozliklari koʻrib chiqilgan Fitratning hayotini va uning badiiy merosini chuqur
oʻrganmoqchi boʻlgan oʻquvchilar uchun moʻljallangan.
Kalit soʻzlar: Abdurauf Fitrat, jadidchilik, oʻzbek adabiyoti, adabiy meros,
jonbozlik, tarix, filologiya.
ВКЛАД ФИТРАТА В УЗБЕКСКУЮ ЛИТЕРАТУРУ И ЕГО РОЛЬ В
ДЖАДИДИЗМЕ
Автор: студентка группы 11-1ing-24 факультета филологии и преподавания
языков Қосимова Феруза Қутлуғ қизи
Данная статья посвящена изучению жизни и творчества Абдурауфа
Фитрата, выдающегося деятеля среднеазиатского джадидизма, узбекского
историка и филолога. В статье представлен углубленный анализ жизни и
литературного наследия Фитрата. Также рассматриваются вклад Фитрата в
узбекскую литературу и его беспримерная самоотверженность по отношению к
нашему народу в период джадидизма. Эта статья предназначена для читателей,
желающих глубоко изучить жизнь Фитрата и его художественное наследие.
Ключевые слова: Абдурауф Фитрат, джадидизм, узбекская литература,
литературное наследие, самоотверженность, история, филология.
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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FITRAT'S CONTRIBUTION TO UZBEK LITERATURE AND HIS ROLE
IN
JADIDISM"
Author: Feruza Qosimova, a student of the Department of Philology and Language
Teaching, Group 11-1ing-24
Annotation:This article is dedicated to the study of the life and work of Abdurauf
Fitrat, a prominent figure of Central Asian Jadidism, and an Uzbek historian and
philologist. The article provides an in-depth analysis of Fitrat's life and literary
heritage. It also examines Fitrat's contribution to Uzbek literature and his unparalleled
dedication to our people during the Jadid period. This article is intended for readers
who wish to delve deeply into Fitrat's life and his artistic legacy.
Keywords: Abdurauf Fitrat, Jadidism, Uzbek literature, literary heritage,
dedication, history, philology.
Abdurauf Fitrat, a prominent figure of Uzbek Jadidism, who contributed
significantly to the development of Uzbek literature, was a historian, philologist, poet,
scholar, and enlightened intellectual. He was born in 1886 in Bukhara, into a family of
intellectuals. He received his education at madrasahs and universities in Bukhara and
Istanbul. He thoroughly mastered Arabic, Persian, and Turkish languages and was able
to communicate fluently in them. He deeply studied the works of the great scholars of
the East.
His father was a merchant and was often away from home, staying in Kashgar
until 1918. Fitrat was raised by his mother, Mustafo Bibi (Bibijon), and his mother
contributed to Fitrat's development into a mature individual. She read him the ghazals
of Navoi, Uvaysi, Zebuniso, Bedil, and Fuzuli, literally laying the foundation for his
increased love for literature from a young age.
In 1909, he went to study at Istanbul University and studied there until 1913.
While studying there, his intelligence and wisdom impressed the professors, and they
gave him the nickname "Fitrat" - Wise. His first collection was published in 1911 under
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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the name "Sayha" ("Call"). Subsequently, in the same year, "Sayyohi Hindi" (The
Indian Traveler) and "Munozara" (Debate) were published. The period Fitrat lived in
coincided with a period of increasing revolutionary movements in Turkestan. Like his
predecessors, he promoted the ideas of enlightenment. He wanted his people to be
enlightened, to emerge from the swamp of ignorance, and he carried out various
activities in this direction. His work "Munozara," created in Tajik in 1913, shows that
he sought a "path to salvation" by rescuing his people from the swamp of oppression.
His works such as "Indian Revolutionaries," "Timur's Mausoleum," "Oguz Khan,"
"Abu Muslim," and "Turkic Language" put forward free thoughts and liberal views. In
Fitrat's works, a striving for beauty and a change in worldview are evident, and are
manifested in the following works: "Abulfayz Khan," "Arslon," and "Vose'" (in Tajik).
Fitrat is revered in our country not only as a Jadid, but also as a famous philologist.
His works such as "Rules of Literature," "Examples of Old Uzbek Literature," and
"About Aruz" play an important role in the development of our literature.
On October 4, 1938, Fitrat was executed alongside great intellectuals of our
people such as Abdulla Qodiri, Cholpon, Otajon Hoshim, Qayum Ramazon, and Ghazi
Olim. Most tragically, the court decision to execute these Uzbek "chinors" (plane trees
- referring to important figures) was adopted on October 5, 1938. Did they so desire to
cut down these enlightened Uzbek sons, to extinguish the lamps that would lead our
country to enlightenment?! Only in 1956 was he acquitted.
In conclusion, I can say that studying Fitrat's life and reading his works is
important for everyone in understanding their own history. Every time you read his
priceless works, you can discover new meanings. Everyone can draw relevant
conclusions for themselves and apply them in their lives. In short, being Uzbek and not
knowing about Fitrat, not studying his life, is disrespect for our history and our
ancestors.
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ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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