Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
166
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
166-174
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
The article analyzes the operation of universal mowers in soil and climatic conditions, changes in dust
content, air temperature in the regions and cultivation processes, as well as a negative impact on the quality
of transmission oil.
K
EYWORDS
Tractor, dust, temperature, oil, soil, pressure, corrosion.
I
NTRODUCTION
The development of the country's agro-industrial
complex depends on the level of technical support
for agriculture, the development and introduction
of high-efficiency machines, and the use of
technology. At each of these stages, a reliable
comprehensive assessment is necessary to
manage the processes of development, research,
production, and operation of machines. That is,
the Republic of Uzbekistan is a cotton-growing
country, where agricultural machinery has to
Journal
Website:
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Copyright:
Original
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may be used under the
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4.0 licence.
Research Article
INFLUENCE OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ON THE
OPERATION OF UNIVERSAL PLOUGHING TRACTORS IN
AGRICULTURE
Submission Date:
December 14, 2022,
Accepted Date:
December 19, 2022,
Published Date:
December 24, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-12-24
H.O. Meliyev
Assistant, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
167
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
166-174
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
work in difficult soil-climatic conditions,
characterized by high temperature and dustiness
of the air, which is associated with intensive wear
of the machine [1-4].
Currently, in the agricultural sector of our
Republic, more than 30 thousand TTZ and MTZ
models (TTZ-60, TTZ-80 and MTZ-80, MTZ-82)
are used for planting, applying mineral fertilizers,
inter-row processing and harvesting. being used
in harvesting operations [5-11].
In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the operation of
these tractors is carried out in difficult working
conditions. The climate of our republic is sharply
continental. In the republic, in the summer
season, the air temperature raises sharply, the
amount of precipitation decreases, and intensive
evaporation is observed. The highest extreme
temperatures are observed in June and July
(Table 1) [12-19].
Table 1. Average daily air temperature by region in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Provinces
Temperature
℃
the hottest
month
the hottest five-day
period
Andijan
34.6
38.0
Bukhara
37.0
41.0
Kashkadarya
38.6
42.0
in Samarkand
35.0
39.0
Surkhandarya
38.8
42.5
Syr Darya
35.0
38.7
Tashkent
34.3
38.6
Ferghana
35.1
38.5
Khorezm
34.0
37.7
Karakalpakstan
35.4
40.2
Table 1 shows that the highest daily air
temperature is observed in the Surkhandarya
region. An increase in air temperature leads to
deterioration of the physicochemical properties
of transmission oil, in particular, a decrease in
kinematic viscosity and an acceleration of
corrosion of the friction parts by mixing with dust
particles that enter the gearbox from the outside
and are formed internally due to mechanical
impurities [20-27]. The pressure inside the
gearbox increases, which causes the gaskets to
fail. The values of the average relative humidity of
the air in the regions of the Republic of
Uzbekistan are presented in Table 2 [28-35].
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
168
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
166-174
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
Table 2, annual by region in the Republic of Uzbekistan average relative humidity of the air
Provinces
Januar
y
Febru
ar
y
M
arc
h
Apri
l
M
ay
June
Jul
y
August
Sept
emb
er
O
ct
obe
r
N
ove
m
ber
D
ec
ember
Tashkent
70
67
63
56
47
38
34
36
45
69
72
73
Syr Darya
90
84
76
72
64
61
59
64
67
78
85
89
Jizzakh
78
74
63
56
45
36
43
44
45
66
77
88
in Samarkand
75
73
60
53
41
33
38
38
41
61
73
81
Ferghana
82
72
57
55
49
46
45
51
52
66
79
84
Andijan
86
79
66
59
54
47
48
58
65
72
83
87
Namangan
79
69
54
43
38
43
50
51
69
65
74
84
Kashkadarya
74
72
57
50
40
36
34
35
46
53
72
81
Surkhandarya
75
67
54
41
32
30
29
34
39
54
71
79
Bukhara
77
69
56
39
32
31
30
33
37
56
73
80
Navoi
80
71
59
45
42
38
35
45
47
58
75
79
Khorezm
70
79
55
45
40
38
37
44
46
60
77
78
Karakalpakstan
77
68
54
44
42
38
39
45
48
59
78
79
In the republic, the indicators of relative air
humidity vary from 30 to 90 per cent throughout
the year. The lowest relative humidity is observed
in May-September [36-42]. That's why it's
universally popular in these months tractors
work in dry and dusty weather. In the agricultural
conditions of our republic, the increase in loading
of universal wheeled tractors also corresponds to
the months of May-September (Table 3).
The operation of universal tractors in conditions
with high dust content in the air, as mentioned
above, leads to severe contamination of the
transmission oil with abrasive particles through
the tightness of the box. According to
NVMikhailovsky, the amount of dust at the level
of air permeability during cotton cultivation and
harvesting has the following values. [43-49]:
Table 3. Air dust content during cotton cultivation and harvesting
Operation
Amount of dust in the air, g/m2
Planting
1.1-1.65
Cultivation
1.2-1.35
Chemical treatment
0.75-1.0
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
169
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
166-174
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
Fabric: Cotton
Shovel
Cotton stalk
2.85-3.25
1.7-2.0
0.75-1.0
As can be seen from Table 3, the increase in
airborne dust is dominated by planting, cotton
and harvesting.
The composition of atmospheric dust in the form
of clouds formed only under the influence of wind
(at a wind speed of 5.2-6.7 m/s, at a temperature
of 32-
34 ℃) is presented in Table 4 [3].
Table 4. Cloud dust composition
Height of measurement point, m
Dust content, g/m3
0.50.91.82.2
1.5-1.60.9-1.00.6-0.70.3-0.4
The study of the mineralogical and dispersion
composition of grey soil dust clouds showed that
they contain 65-70% silicon oxide, as well as
about 10% aluminium oxide and 5% iron oxide.
About 95% of these particles are up to 50 µm and
about 5% are up to 100 µm. The average
dispersed content of dust is in the range of 20-40
microns [45-52].
It can be seen that the most abrasive particle in
the dust is silicon oxide. The hardness of these
particles exceeds the hardness of the abrasive
particles resulting from the friction of the friction
parts of the gearbox, which is the main reason for
the rapid failure of the parts.
C
ONCLUSION
In conclusion, it can be said that the rise of dust,
high air temperature, and dry climatic conditions
during the operation of universal crawler tractors
lead to contamination of the gearbox oil. As a
result, there is an increase in the rate of
consumption and a state of rapid failure. The
main problem is the lack of oil filters in the
gearbox lubrication system of universal tractors.
This indicates the need for scientific research to
solve the problems in this system.
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