Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
278
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
278-285
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
Device technology conversion to do for equipment with it depends. He is the wind energy obtaining the
electrostatic field (EF) using for is used and village work in release and, science and of technique another
different in the fields too application can. The technical result of the invention is the construction of an
optoelectronic transducer that converts the mechanical (kinetic) energy of the wind into an electrostatic
field by means of an AFN-effect optoelectronic piezoelectric amplifier.
K
EYWORDS
AFN-effect , Piezoelement, MOP-transistor, AFN-element, photo receiver, EM, light diode.
I
NTRODUCTION
Very unique phenomena are observed in AFN-
layers, and the use of their unique properties and
properties for practical purposes makes it
possible to create a new class of optoelectronic
devices. Such devices are controlled by an electric
and magnetic field and operate in the field of
nanoampere currents [1-3]. To ensure the
operation of optoelectronic devices and devices
created on the basis of AFN-layers, a separate
external power source is not required. In an
environment with sufficient natural or artificial
light, these devices can work autonomously
without an external source [4-9]. This devices
meet the requirements of microelectronics giving
with thin layer technology are made. Such new
optoelectronic instrument and from shocks one
Journal
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Research Article
USING THE AFN-EFFECT IN GETTING AN ELECTROSTATIC
FIELD FROM WIND ENERGY
Submission Date:
October 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
October 25, 2023,
Published Date:
October 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-10-43
G.F. Joraeva
Fergana Branch Of The Tashkent University Of Information Technologies Named After Muhammad Al-
Khorazmi, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
279
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
278-285
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
optoelectronic is a modifier [10-17]. The device
belongs to the field of optoelectronic switching
technology and serves to obtain an electrostatic
field from wind energy. The device works
independently, does not require a special external
power supply. The device is a compact, efficient
and energy-saving optoelectronic system, and
low-cost electrostatic field generation is achieved
by means of a piezo amplifier and an AFN-effect
[1]. This optoelectronic converter can be used in
many areas of the economy as a source of cheap
convenient electrostatic field. In particular, it is
possible to work remotely (in online mode) in
measurement - control and other metrological
systems [18-23].
The block diagram of the optoelectronic
converter is given in Fig. 1. The wind power
receiving part (2) of the device is made of low-
temperature (t<573
̊
C) SiO 2
β
-quartz modified
sin crystal with linear piezoelectric properties.
This type of quartz is resistant to aqueous and
acidic environments and melts at 1700
̊
C.
Considering its high stability, low temperature
expansion (8*10 -6
–
13*10 -6
̊
C -1 ), the specific
electrical resistance at room temperature is high:
it reaches 10 14
–
10 15 ohms [2]. Piezoelement
(2) creates a potential difference of 60 V at a
sufficiently large mechanical stress (~1 Gn cm 2 ).
The voltage stabilized in the MOP-transistor
(polarizable dielectric) (2) is supplied to the light
diode (or fluorescent lamp) from the output of the
block (3). It is a photogenerator and turns the
circuit into (3 1 ). The light stream (3 1 ) is sent
through the optical channel to the generator-type
photo-receiver AFN-element (4). In the AFN-
element circuit , the light stream received through
the optical channel (3 1 ) is converted into a high-
potential electric field and sent to the working
mechanism (IM) [24-29].
The photoreceptor AFN-element is made of lead
chalcogenide by vacuum evaporation [1] in the
form of a thin film (0.5 -
2 μm) on a glass
substrate. As a result of illumination of these
samples (R=5*10 11 Ohm, T=77
̊
C and
illuminance 0.35 W/cm 2 ), it is possible to obtain
photovoltage up to 6 kV. Most of the elements, the
connecting parts of the blocks are made in the
form of a thin film in a vacuum in a single
technological process. This condition ensures the
integration of the project with microcircuits.
A two-layer piezoelement specially made from
quartz (natural) was used for polarization EM
(Fig. 2) (Fig. 1 block 2).
Figure 1. Optoelectronic switch
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
280
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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VOLUME
03
ISSUE
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Pages:
278-285
SJIF
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)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
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1- wind flow, 2- piezo element electric circuit has a voltage stabilizing mop-element. MOP - the output of
the element produces an electric voltage with the light diode (3). 3- the light diode produces a normal light
flow (it has no thermal effect). -Consumer block (IM) with dielectric properties.
Figure 2. Double-layer quartz piezoelectric element.
Optoelectronic converters, which can be used in various sectors of the national economy on a domestic and
industrial scale, from natural renewable non-conventional energy sources and artificial secondary energy
sources, are always needed in any field due to their compactness, simplicity and the possibility of obtaining
cheap EM. For this reason, energy efficiency as a device has been, and still is, an extremely important issue
for human activity. Low-cost EM harvesting equipment from wind energy is one of the important sectors
of the above-mentioned problem [30-35].
Such an EM receiving device can be used as a source of low-cost EM receiving in many sectors of the
economy.
The surface of the working surface of the pzoelement (2) made of natural quartz with a flat surface by
special methods is placed according to the direction of the wind (1). In proportion to the mechanical stress
(F) acting on the surface of the piezoelectric element (2), electric polarization (R) occurs according to the
correct piezoelectric effect.
,
P
kF
=
(1)
The k-proportionality coefficient is called the piezoelectric modulus.
Wind-induced mechanical stress causes mechanical deformation (d) in the piezoelectric element along
with electrical stress.
P
ad
=
(2)
α is the piezoelectric coefficient associated with deformation.
Equations (1 and 2) are the basic piezoelectric equations. The coefficients in Eqs There is a connection
between ( k and a) which is the theory of elasticity. It is found using Hooke's law:
F
С
a
=
(3)
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
278-285
SJIF
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MPACT
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(2021:
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)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
C- yu ng module.
Equations (1), (2) and (3) of piezoelectricity based on equations (1) and (2). the relationship between the
coefficients
(k and α) can be determined.
/ ,
k
а с
=
(4)
Deformation caused by external mechanical stress can be expressed by field stress:
,
,
E
dh
E
hd
= −
=
(5)
According to Tok's law (5), it is possible to derive the connection between the coefficients,
h
С
g
=
(6)
So, given that the polarization depends on the electric field strength,
,
4
E
P
=
(7)
Thus, piezoelectric (k,a) and electric field strength (g,h) coefficients are reciprocally connected through
dielectric permittivity (e) and Young's modulus. That is,
4
4
K
g
a
h
= −
−
= −
(8)
In block (2) of the optoelectronic converter block
diagram, electric polarization generated due to
piezo effect is applied to electric voltage (3)
through electric circuit to light diode (fluorescent
lamp). In it, the electric signal turns into a light
current (3 1 ), falls into a photoreceiver in the
form of an electrogenerator in block 4, and turns
into a high-voltage electric field (EM). This EM is
used as the EM field source of the dielectric
consumer working mechanism. In particular,
such cheap EM can be used in electrostatic gas
cleaners, in the electrostatic separation (sorting)
of ore and similar materials, in varnishing,
polishing and polymerization of materials.
Dielectric materials can be widely used in
transformers, especially due to the ponderating
forces created by EM. Various uses in agriculture
and medicine ensure energy efficiency and ease of
use [4].
The optoelectronic converter, which converts
wind energy into a strong electric field, consists of
a cylindrical plastic case covered with E-6 type
epoxy resin, and a thin flat diamond-modified
quartz plate with high piezoelectric properties is
attached to one of its bases [5]. The MOP circuit is
connected to the photogenerator (light emitting
diode, fluorescent) through special contact thin-
film conductors. A photogenerator is an inventor-
type lamp that converts piezoelectric electric
potentials into a light signal. The resulting light
stream sends the light signals directly to the
photoreceiver, which converts the light signals
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
282
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
278-285
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
into a high-potential electric field by means of a
special optically transparent immersion medium.
The photo receiver (AFN-element) is connected
to dielectric consumers [6].
The technical characteristics of the optoelectronic
converter are as follows:
−
Mass 300-500g;
−
Geometric dimensions 2cm*2cm*6cm;
−
maintains a steady state (working state) in the
structure up to a temperature of 870-1470
℃
;
℃
−
Structural modification (piezoelement) is
diamond type ( SiO 2) ;
−
The initial detection of light intensity in blocks
(3--4) of optical coupling 3^1starts from 10 -6
VT/cm 2 ;
−
The input resistance of the photo receiver unit
(4) 10^(+12)÷10^14Ohm;
−
Works in steady and pulsed modes;
−
The consumer circuit is adapted to the
dielectric load;
−
The photo receiver in the output unit (4)
works in adder mode;
−
Working temperature range -40
℃
....65
℃
.
C
ONCLUSIONS
It is also possible to make a simple and compact
design that allows individual use. A strong
electrostatic electric field can be obtained from
wind energy, there are no optoelectronic and
other similar prototypes, which is considered one
of the important advantages of the presented
project. This project, unlike other similar
converters, is self-powered and operates in an
independent autonomous energy mode. Another
advantage is that it can provide remote service
with minimal loss.
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Pages:
278-285
SJIF
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