Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
338
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
338-343
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
Primary education new pedagogical technologies used in the process serve to develop skills and
competencies necessary for life. In fact, education should be an integral part of real life, teaching processes
should prepare the learner for all aspects of life and professional activity. Each academic subject serves to
form one common competence. In particular, in language education, preparing the learner to read, listen,
understand, speak and write has become the content of education as a great social necessity. A person
learns and assimilates existence through the sense organs, but the understanding associated with
perception is not studied separately as a skill and competence.
K
EYWORDS
Review, skill, skill, competence, perception, analytical thinking, listening comprehension, speaking,
observation, look, compare, estimate, educational tasks, question, didactics, methodology, generality,
specificity, essence, phenomenon, pragmatic approach, assessment.
I
NTRODUCTION
In the practice of world pedagogy, understanding
is not distinguished as a skill or competence. Part
of it is assessed as part of reading comprehension
skills in language education. It mainly focuses on
understanding pictures, videos and audiovisual
materials. In international pedagogy, visual
understanding (understanding vision) does not
exist as a separate competence. At the same time,
Journal
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Research Article
ANALYSIS OF CURRICULUM TASKS TO DEVELOP
COMPREHENSION SKILLS IN PRIMARY EDUCATION
Submission Date:
December 18,
Accepted Date:
December 23, 2023,
Published Date:
December 28, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-12-56
Kunnazov Kaxramon Ergashovich
Teacher Of Tashkent University Of Applied Sciences, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
339
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
338-343
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
visualizing
information,
analyzing
and
understanding visual information, and using
visual tools and methods to communicate
information can be considered as additional skills
or abilities. It is used in areas such as design,
marketing, data analysis and presentation
preparation. Visual comprehension is the ability
to analyze and interpret information presented
visually, such as pictures, diagrams, graphs, etc.
People with high visual perception skills have the
ability to recognize and analyze visual elements,
identify relationships, and draw information and
conclusions from the information presented. This
competence is especially important in fields such
as design, media, marketing, advertising and art.
Let's clarify the concept of visual literacy at this
point: Visual literacy is the ability to understand
the whole range of visual information - actually
"reading", evaluating and asking questions or
analyzing the literal and intended meaning of
visual elements. This also applies to the effective
use of images to convey meaning . Like oral and
written speech, visual language has receptive and
expressive elements, but reading comprehension
is not developed or assessed as a skill in
continuing education. Visual literacy also
explores video visual context mixed with verbal
information. Comprehension of seeing and
understanding teaches understanding, correct
analysis and description of objects, situations,
processes and activities that can only be seen and
understood in human social life.
Competency of review and understanding is the
activity of the learner to review and understand
the situation, subject, process, analyze and
express his own conclusion. This means not only
pictures and video materials, but the whole
subject, situation, process and activity that the
student will face in the future life. Also, in the dual
education system aimed at preparing the
requirements for the profession, it will be
possible to evaluate their skills and qualifications
based on studying the production processes along
with the lessons . The development of the
mechanism of transformation of the skill of
understanding into skills and competence is one
of the important pedagogical and methodical
problems that must be solved today.
Comprehension skills are studied in connection
with visual literacy in world pedagogy. According
to Jamal Ryan, “The assimilation of information
from visual formats is defined as visual learning.
Students understand the information in the
classroom better because they can see it. Visual
information is presented in various formats such
as images, flowcharts, diagrams, simulations,
graphics, cartoons, coloring books, slide
shows/presentations, posters, movies, games and
videos . A teacher can use the above formats to
display large amounts of information. According
to research, students remember information
better when it is presented visually and verbally.
Visual learning helps students of all ages perform
better on assignments and achieve academic
success, as well as helping students develop
visual thinking, which allows them to better
understand and remember information by
connecting ideas, words, and concepts.
Also, in problem-based learning, it leads to the
development of higher-level thinking skills and
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
340
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
338-343
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
creates teamwork skills in students. In fact,
solving problems requires two skills: analytical
and creative. Analytical or logical thinking skills
use critical thinking and help the thinker to
choose the best. In general, this approach, visual
learning environment based on information and
communication technologies, is of great
importance in improving students' practical skills
. . O'Neill: “Picture books tell a story with words
as well as pictures. The picture interacts with the
word, and the technical elements of illustration
—
color, line, shape, and composition
—
work to
create and enhance the story. Sometimes by
simply adding descriptions of characters and
settings, and sometimes by explaining the
accuracy of the text with sarcasm or additional
information, it provides important clues to the
understanding of the pictures in the picture
books. Audio, video materials, illustrated books
and albums cannot be the object of viewing and
understanding if they have elements of verbal
explanation and interpretation. Education should
teach the student to see and understand things,
situations, processes and activities that cannot be
read and heard, and develop a system for
evaluating the acquired knowledge, skills and
abilities, and take them into account in the state
educational standards.
F.I.Buslaev writes: "the first and most important
thing is to develop the practical ability to
understand what is expressed by speech forms
and to use them correctly, that is, as educated
people say, through oral and written exercises,
the student can easily learn the speech forms
characteristic of conversation and writing. we
form the skill of understanding . "It is neither
possible nor necessary to teach a high school
student all the linguistic knowledge accumulated
by mankind over the centuries. Therefore,
choosing the most necessary knowledge from the
mother tongue is one of the main issues. The
question of how to acquire the necessary
knowledge should also be decided. The student
absorbs existence and knowledge by listening,
reading and seeing.
The main criterion for choosing knowledge from
the mother tongue is its level of usefulness and
practical application. We understand useful
knowledge from the mother tongue as knowledge
that serves to form the skills of children's literate
writing, creative thinking, correct and fluent
expression of the product of thought in oral and
written forms in accordance with the speech
conditions, and ensures their education and
development in the spirit of high human qualities.
In the first years of independence, systematic
studies were conducted on the selection of
educational materials, which are the basis for the
creation of educational tasks, and the
determination of the purpose and content of
mother tongue education. In particular, Doctor of
Pedagogical Sciences, Professor R. Safarova's
emphasis in the 90s that the development of
communicative skills and competences is the
main task of mother tongue education, in
particular, educational assignments, as well as the
issue of assessment, in the conditions of the
national revival of the Uzbek language in
Uzbekistan as both the mother tongue and the
state language. it should be noted that he
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
341
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
338-343
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
researched important issues related to education
. In this case , it is appropriate to pay attention to
the formation of the skill of observation and the
development of the skill of observation.
Sh.Yusupova's doctoral thesis conducts research
on the scientific-methodical basis of the
development of students' thinking in the current
Uzbek literary language classes, while developing
the
scientific-methodical
basis
of
the
development of students' thinking in mother
tongue education, he also pays special attention
to educational tasks that develop thinking. While
forming the ability to see and understand, the
student develops logical thinking on his own.
Kh. Muhiddinova carried out significant work in
systematizing, ensuring the integrity and
continuity of the education of the Uzbek language
as the state language. In particular, it has been
improving educational tasks based on the
principle of continuity for the continuous
education system. Q. Husanboeva's opinion on
teaching independent thinking and thinking
development is the most correct approach.
Because in mother tongue education, especially in
controlling the exercises performed in the
classroom, it is important that the teacher directly
sets an example in the development of students'
literary pronunciation skills in the necessary
places. In addition, the independent thinking and
problem-based learning approaches developed
by the scientist for literary education help to
properly formulate educational tasks in mother
tongue education.
Australian scientist Jack Richards was specially
engaged
in
methodical,
psychological-
pedagogical research of educational tasks in the
field of international pedagogy, especially
language didactics . It should be noted that in its
time western pedagogy focused on practicality.
The first pragmatic ideas were the American
philosopher and pedagogue D. Developed by
Dewey .
The following comments of N. Mahmudov are
particularly noteworthy: "In any language
education, it is impossible to ignore the
knowledge of language styles. Knowledge of
language structure is essential for learning a
language, knowledge in this regard is the basis.
However, it is difficult to say that knowing the
language is complete if the skills of how to use
these construction units and how to apply them
directly in speech have not been formed .
In fact, mother tongue, national words are the
basis
of
intellectual
development
and
understanding of the world. It is very important
to take care of the timely development of the
student's speech, to pay attention to his literacy.
The more rich and logical a student's speech is,
the easier it is for him to express his thoughts, the
wider his ability to understand the world and
existence, the more students can engage in
meaningful and full-fledged communication with
peers or adults in various speech situations, and
the more active their thinking is in development.
The most important issue today is to bring
education closer to life, to strengthen its practical
importance. The linguistic landscape of the world
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
342
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
338-343
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
and national cultures are formed in the student's
thinking through the mother tongue. If the
mother tongue is taught as a value and not as a
mere subject, students will develop self-reflection
and national pride. Then students will be more
interested in learning their mother tongue.
Students should learn the national mentality, life,
and cultural heritage of the nation through the
mother tongue. Of course, this is done through the
development of educational tasks of a pragmatic
nature. In mother tongue classes, students learn
the rules of the language based on questions and
assignments. The sentences and texts given in the
exercise serve to increase the student's
vocabulary, but how to work on them remains a
problem. In the native language classes, not only
comprehension, understanding, speaking, writing
essays are taught, but they are also convinced that
the native language is a living and natural
language if they are directed to the educational
literature through tasks that develop the skill of
viewing and understanding.
Activation of work on the introduction of
innovative approaches to the teaching of the
mother tongue through educational tasks;
improvement
of
scientific,
methodical,
psychological and pedagogical support system
development for mother tongue teaching;
Attracting
the
latest
achievements
of
ethnolinguistics to the educational process is one
of the important tasks of today.
If instructional tasks are properly used in native
language classes, and students are properly
guided through tasks to work with information,
resourcefulness is not a problem in the
information technology age. Now is the time to
train knowledgeable students. The demand of
today's era is to educate students who know and
learn. In this case, the development of the ability
to see and understand will be extremely
necessary.
Speech skills are formed by mastering 4 main
types of speech activity: reading, listening,
speaking and writing, and the ability of students
to independently apply the knowledge acquired
during the period of learning a second language in
practical speech activity helps to form speech
competence.
According
to
I.A.Zimnyaya,
"competency is the achievement of high
perfection of actions as a result of exercises and
the automation of speech processes . " In this
sense, it is necessary to use exercises effectively
in the matter of review. After all, any skill and
competence is mastered through repetition-
based exercises.
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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
343
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
338-343
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
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