Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
311
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
311-318
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
The article reflects the methods of teaching students correct pronunciation in primary school, types of
training tasks, instructions for their use. There was also a reaction to solving existing problems in the
correct pronunciation of sounds, as well as to the question of evaluation, experimental testing.
K
EYWORDS
Test experience, correct pronunciation, sound, letter, syllable, stress, difficult-to-pronounce vowels and
consonants, dialect, literary language and their mutual difference, differences, intonation, stop, learning
tasks, exercise, assignment.
I
NTRODUCTION
When a person is active in social life, it becomes
necessary for him to have skills such as
communicating with the team, conveying his
opinion to many people, reporting, calling. In this
sense, one of the main issues is the development
of correct pronunciation skills in elementary
school students, starting from secondary schools.
At the general secondary level of the educational
system, the main task of today's education is to
form the skills of students to work independently
on the basis of the subject of their native language,
to express their thoughts fluently and effectively
in oral and written forms. After all, special
importance is required to educate students as
enlightened, in a word, well-rounded individuals.
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
DEVELOPMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF CORRECT
PRONUNCIATION SKILLS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Submission Date:
December 18,
Accepted Date:
December 23, 2023,
Published Date:
December 28, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-12-52
Hamdamova Zilola Shahobiddin Kizi
Lecturer At The Profi University Of Navoi, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
312
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
311-318
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
In this process, it is important to emphasize the
importance of the young generation having
knowledge, skills and abilities suitable for the
development of society. In particular, the content
and purpose of today's mother tongue education
is to improve the pronunciation skills of students
of the 1st-4th grade of general education schools,
as well as to teach them to think independently
and creatively, and to increase vocabulary, which
is the basis of attractive oral and written speech.
Its implementation also poses the problem of
using modern pedagogical technology and
creating innovative projects for mother tongue
education.
It should be noted that in the "Mother Tongue"
textbook, which is widely used today, information
on the difference in pronunciation of the vowel
[o'] is provided with examples . This is, of course,
a positive phenomenon, but the comment that "in
one case it is narrower and in another it is said
more broadly" hardly helps the reader in practical
terms. The given examples cannot be pronounced
correctly without the teacher's help. In primary
classes, this phenomenon is not distinguished.
For example, although the word "lake" is more
narrowly pronounced , " wolf " is given more
broadly, this does not always give the expected
result. Taking this into account, it is necessary to
give ample space to exercises related to the
pronunciation of the vowel [o'] .
Exercise is effective only if it is based on
continuous repetition. Effective assimilation of
educational materials by the student is related to
repetition . Because "The mother of knowledge is
repetition."
It is known that from a psychological point of
view, human memory, including student memory,
is divided into certain types. Data read once is
temporarily stored in normal memory and
forgotten in the short term. If it is repeated
continuously, it will go to permanent memory. E.
Goziev noted the conclusions of G. Ebbingauz
about the content, quantity and quality of
information that the reader can remember. That
he remembered 38 meaningless syllables when
the student repeated them 55 times; He
determined that 6-7 repetitions were enough to
remember the material consisting of 38-40
words.
O'. Usmonova points to dialects as the reason for
difficulties in solving this problem . The
researcher emphasizes that the problem of
pronunciation is not studied in Uzbek language,
and in this regard, he relies on the valuable
opinions of scientist F.K. Kamolov and professor
S.I. Ibrohimov, who were the first to set the
standards of literary pronunciation in his work.
From this point of view, in the system of
important issues that should be researched in the
direction of general secondary education, on the
basis of educational materials related to the
teaching of vowel sounds in students, to develop
and implement a system for the formation and
improvement of the pedagogical skills of
independent, creative thinking and expressing
one's opinion correctly and fluently in accordance
with the conditions of speech. introducing new
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
313
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
311-318
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
methodological approaches and testing them in
practice is an important pedagogical problem.
1. Preparatory stage. This experimental test is the
most productive method of scientific research, it
determines the level of effectiveness of the idea
born in the process of observations, the presented
recommendation and the developed educational
tasks.
The main goal of the experimental work is to
study the didactic possibilities of the formation of
the native language subject, in particular, the
pronunciation skill, as well as to teach them to
think independently and creatively, to increase
the vocabulary, which is the basis of attractive
oral and written speech, in students of grades 1-
4, and to study the modern approach to this
process. development of scientific and methodical
recommendations for the implementation of
methods.
In the course of the experiment, the ability of 1-
4th grade students to master textbook materials
was determined, and in this process, the levels of
professional-pedagogical
preparation
were
determined for explaining the development of
pronunciation skills to the teachers of the native
language subject. Students' knowledge levels
were determined based on the questionnaire,
presented text and topics. The following will also
be known:
- Pronunciation skills were determined for
students of 1-4th grade;
achievements and shortcomings in the use of
textbooks and other visual aids in teachers' native
language classes, in particular, in the
development of pronunciation skills, were
identified;
- questionnaire-answers were conducted in order
to determine the students' attitude towards the
exercises and tasks based on the development of
pronunciation skills and to summarize their
opinions.
2. The methods, forms and means of eliminating
the shortcomings identified in the emphatic
experiment-test stage are determined, and the
pronunciation skills are developed in grades 1-4 .
Based on the exercises and tasks, a methodology
was developed for the formation of literary
pronunciation and spelling skills in students.
Teaching tasks based on creative research,
through the development of pronunciation skills,
first of all, attention was paid to the ability of the
student to pronounce correctly, to write
correctly, to read prose and poetic texts
expressively, and to express his personal opinion
about the problem in oral and written form. After
all, skill formation in the student is one of the
most urgent and important pedagogical problems
today. Therefore, it is necessary to form the skills
of the correct application of the product of
creative thought in accordance with the speech
situation in the students of the 4th grade through
the lessons of the mother tongue.
In the course of experimental work, the following
scientific hypothesis was tested and proved:
- formation of students' pronunciation skills and
speech competence through assignments;
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
314
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
311-318
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
- the process of development of pronunciation
skills was specially studied, its shortcomings,
their causes were identified, ways and factors of
their elimination were developed;
- the significance of the development of
pronunciation skills and the didactic possibilities
were understood, it was applied methodically
correctly;
- the content, form, methods and tools were
developed
by
developing
the
correct
pronunciation skills in students;
- scientific-methodical recommendations were
developed for teaching students the correct
pronunciation skills, which form creative
thinking, develop the ability to express one's
thoughts correctly and fluently in various forms,
and the level of efficiency is determined.
3. The following tasks were performed in order to
realize the purpose of the work at the formative
experiment-test stage:
- teachers were introduced to the developed
scientific-methodical recommendations;
- the developed scientific and methodical
recommendations were fully implemented in the
teaching process;
- the scientific and methodical recommendations
developed according to the obtained results were
improved.
- Unexplained aspects of teaching 1st-4th graders
to correct pronunciation, enriching their
vocabulary, and forming independent work skills
were identified, and recommendations were
made that could be material for future scientific
research.
In order to determine the content of educational
materials for teaching correct pronunciation
skills in the "Mother Tongue" textbooks of general
education schools and the current state of
students' speech skills, test sites were first
identified. Experimental work was carried out in
the 34th school of the Uchquduq district of the
Navoi region, the 14th school of the Andijan city,
and the 192nd and 102nd schools of the Almazor
district of the Tashkent city.
A total of 400 students participated in the
experiment. 200 of them were included in the test
group and 200 in the control group. In the first
days of the experiment, written work was
collected from both control and experimental
classes. It turned out that both groups had almost
the same level of learning. Topics such as "We
protect animals!", "Save trees!", "Congratulations
to my friend" were given, and 30 minutes of
preparation time was set.
During the experiment conducted in the 00th
general education school of Karmana district, the
following shortcomings were found in the speech
of students:
–
inability to write letter forms correctly;
- inability to write vowels correctly;
- there are mostly spelling mistakes in written
speech. The results of the report obtained from
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
315
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
311-318
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
the experimental and control groups showed that
80% of the students had these errors.
- it was noticed that students' behavior does not
meet the requirements. For example, a 3rd grader
cannot pronounce the sounds o', u, e, i, h correctly.
It is well known that the development of correct
pronunciation skills in students has a great
impact on their life skills. In general, how to
organize a lesson depends on the qualifications of
the teacher. One of the problems related to
writing vowels in secondary schools also affects
school teachers. During the experiment, it was
found that some teachers do not have enough
skills and qualifications in the formation of letter
forms, factors of change, and teaching to write
gracefully. Even experienced teachers are able to
organize
the
lesson
interactively
and
interestingly using various modern methods, but
they are not able to give the students the
necessary skills and competences in the subject of
the mother tongue, in order to develop the correct
pronunciation skills. It is good to be able to
interest the students in the lesson, of course, but
it is necessary to always remember that the main
issue is to arm the student with the knowledge
and skills that are always needed in social life
through this interest. In order to find out the
reason for this situation, the following was
revealed when a questionnaire was conducted
among school teachers in the city of Navoi:
1. What sounds do you have trouble saying?
2. Which sounds do students mostly have trouble
pronouncing?
3. What pronunciation exercises do you use?
4. Which consonants cause problems in
pronunciation?
5. Are the teaching materials provided in the
textbooks
sufficient
for
teaching
the
pronunciation of sounds?
6. What additional exercises do you use to teach
correct pronunciation?
7. Is a set of exercises necessary for primary
mother tongue classes? Have you tried it in
practice?
8. Is there a student in the class who can correctly
pronounce all the sounds in a word? How are they
formed?
9. What information will you tell students about
the benefits of literary pronunciation?
10. Do you use information technology
opportunities to teach correct pronunciation?
Which audiovisual aids work best?
As can be seen from the above answers, the
professionals who organize mother tongue
classes and teach students to use the language
proficiently are not clear about the mother tongue
DTS qualification requirements and, more
importantly, the purpose of mother tongue
education. The behavior of some people does not
meet the demand.
The goal of teaching correct pronunciation also
stems from the main goal of mother tongue
teaching. It should be said that among the
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
311-318
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
teachers there are those who clearly answered
the question. In particular, the teacher of the 00th
general education school in Navoi wrote the
correct answer. But this is very little compared to
the total number of teachers.
There is no logical answer to the question, "What
skills or competences should students acquire
through the topic of pronunciation?" Some will be
referenced. Is there a student in the class who can
correctly pronounce all the sounds in a word?
How are they formed? The question was
answered incorrectly.
Topics are interrelated and interrelated.
Especially in the teaching of vowels, explaining
them by connecting them to other (orthopedic,
graphic) units of the language gives a great result.
In order to find out the opinions and skills of
students in this regard, the following question
was included in the questionnaire:
1. What sounds do you have trouble saying?
2. Which sounds do your classmates mostly have
trouble pronouncing?
3. Have you practiced saying hard-to-pronounce
sounds and words?
4. Which consonants do you have difficulty
pronouncing?
5. What sounds do you say you get wrong when
you speak?
6. Do you make independent tests on the correct
pronunciation of sounds?
7. What sounds did your teacher repeat over and
over to teach you in class?
8. Is there a student in the class who can correctly
pronounce all the sounds in a word? Whose poem
or book do you like best? Why?
9. Is there a difference between the language you
speak to your family members at home and the
language you speak to the teacher at school? What
difference do you notice?
10. Which teacher's words are nice in your
school? Comment why you like it!
These questions will help students identify
problems with correct pronunciation.
The reason for raising the questions is that
the content of the textbooks, which are the main
means of education, must be at the required level,
the educational materials must be able to serve
the purpose of education, otherwise, the fact that
some teachers do not have the necessary skills
and qualifications to teach the correct
pronunciation indicates the source of the
problem. Educational materials in textbooks
should be structured in such a way that they
automatically direct the student to learning and
independent work. If we take into account that
the teachers working in remote districts of the
republic do not have the necessary skills and
qualifications for correct pronunciation, all
attention should be paid to the creation of
excellent textbooks and practical guides in this
regard.
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
Pages:
311-318
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
The main purpose of testing the correct
pronunciation exercises and tasks created during
the study of the educational materials in the
"mother tongue" textbooks was as follows:
To increase students' interest in learning correct
pronunciation in 1-4th graders ;
-
students of 1-4th grade have correct
pronunciation, ability to work independently,
creative approach, regularly increase their
vocabulary and, based on this, achieve the
ability to express their thoughts correctly and
fluently in various forms;
-
convincing the student that he can work
independently in the process of performing
the recommended exercises and exercises;
-
to be able to influence others through one's
speech;
-
to develop correct pronunciation through
exercises and assignments, first of all, to
achieve that the student can pronounce each
speech sound correctly, write correctly, read
prose and poetry texts expressively, and
logically express his personal opinion about
the problem in oral and written form.
As a conclusion, it should be said that in primary
mother tongue education, it is necessary to work
with pronunciation exercises in a wider and
deeper way, to develop various methods of
exercise.
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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VOLUME
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ISSUE
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Pages:
311-318
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
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