Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
12
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
12-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Today, the reforms in our country are carried out, first of all, in accordance with the various changes taking place in
the world, including in the world economy. The path we have chosen demonstrates its resilience and vitality in the
face of the slowdown in the global economy following the global crisis. According to experts, the socio-political
stability in Uzbekistan allows to effectively counteract external negative influences.
KEYWORDS
New Uzbekistan, innovation process, science and technology, economy, education, development program, social
policy.
INTRODUCTION
In his speech at the 72nd session of the United Nations,
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev
said: Our main task is to create the necessary
conditions for young people to show their potential”,
he said. It should be noted that the first law signed by
Shavkat Mirziyoyev as President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan was related to youth issues, and it was the
Law of September 14, 2016 "On State Youth Policy".
Research Article
MAIN TENDENCIES OF STRONG PUBLIC POLICY IN UZBEKISTAN
Submission Date:
June 10, 2022,
Accepted Date:
June 20, 2022,
Published Date:
June 30, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/Volume02Issue06-03
Sherzod A. Khazratkulov
PhD student, Department of Social Sciences, Uzbekistan State World Languages University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijhps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
13
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
12-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
MАTЕRIАLS АND MЕTHОDS
“The state social policy is a policy aimed at the
realization of the vital interests of man, the protection
and development of man. Its purpose is to help
increase public welfare. This policy uses methods such
as determining the level of employment, determining
the minimum wage, benefits, pensions, determining
the limits of poverty, setting the subsistence minimum,
determining the norms of social protection. Its main
areas are employment, income and social protection
policy [1].
Social policy is a part of the state policy on improving
the living standards of the population, the
development of human capital, the provision of social
services and the organization of the development of
social infrastructure. Social policy is based on the
constitutional rights of citizens. Financial programs,
norms, standards, standards, laws, grants are the
means of implementing social policy. "Social policy is
one of the main directions of state policy to improve
the welfare of the population, providing adequate
conditions for their living and working" [2].
RЕSULTS АND DISСUSSIОN
It should be noted that the state should pay attention
to the development of social factors in economic
development, ensure the welfare of the population,
create a legal basis for reforms in the field of social
services.
The basic principle of social protection is to provide
assistance to each individual or family only on the basis
of an assessment of their income, level of well-being,
quality and duration of socially useful work.
Figure 1. Factors of well-being in society
Source: Prepared by the author based on a study of the literature on the social sphere and social
protection.
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
14
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
12-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The forecast parameters of the State Program "Job
Creation and Employment" in the country are the areas
of employment by industry and the need for
employment in the regions, especially the youth
entering the labor market for the first time, structural
changes in the economy and modernization of labor-
intensive industries. the resulting vacancies, as well as
the demand for labor as a result of the development of
industry, agriculture and other sectors of the economy,
the
service
sector,
private
business
and
entrepreneurship.
During the forecast period, the number of employed in
the formal and informal sectors of the economy will
increase, while the number of people who went
abroad to work will decrease. This situation is
explained by the fact that every year hundreds of
thousands of new jobs are created in our country.
As a result of the policy of social assistance to the
population in every country in the world, social
problems are solved with the help of the state. The
organization and management of social assistance to
the population requires large financial resources,
which are provided by the state in a centralized
manner. Therefore, the state undertakes to provide
them with social protection. Social policy is a set of
norms, methods and programs used by the state in the
relations between society and social groups and in the
regulation of socio-economic living conditions of the
population [3]. “Wisconsin is one of the states that has
converted disability benefits into benefits or (payment
for medical care). The Accumulative Disability Leave
Conversion Loan Program (ASLCC) was registered in
1972 and the Additional Health Insurance Conversion
Loan Program (SHICC) was registered in 1995 (State of
Wisconsin, 2007). The program entitles retired
employees to receive cash benefits for unused
disability leave. The pensioner uses it to purchase
health insurance from the employee’s deposited
account under the state health care program. This
account is determined in accordance with the various
employment contracts of the state and according to
the length of service, its education and current pay.
The additional health insurance conversion credit
program allows employees to participate in the
accumulated disability leave conversion credit
program for continuous employment in the civil
service. The advantage of this program is that the
funds in my account are calculated as an actuarial
calculation method, and interest is paid on wages. In
order to receive this benefit, a citizen must have been
employed in the civil service for at least 15 years” [4].
The hidden variety of unemployment, which is
considered the most problematic for the country’s
economy,
is
precisely
because
of
informal
employment.
Informal
employment
directly
contributes to the growth of the shadow economy in
the country. Because:
Informal employment has no legal or economic
basis;
informally employed people are not guaranteed a
future income through their employment and are
not socially protected;
As a result of the adoption of regulations, changes
in socio-economic conditions and infrastructure,
those employed in this sector will lose their jobs;
Informal employment is seasonal and temporary,
resulting in unemployment due to weather and
climate change;
No taxes and mandatory payments to the state
budget in this form of employment;
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
15
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
12-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Problems with state trust funds, including extra-
budgetary Pension Funds, lead to specific
problems in the payment of pensions and benefits,
the cost of which exceeds the income of the
Pension Fund.
In our opinion, given the situation in the field of
demography, the living standards of the population, it
is necessary to take strong measures in advance in the
field of social protection of citizens. Only in the
presence of a strong effective mechanism of social
protection and guarantees will the continuous
development of a market economy be ensured while
maintaining socio-political stability. It is an objective
necessity to consider strong precautionary measures
for social protection of the population in the market
mechanism. We need to understand that as market
relations and structural changes in the economy
deepen, gaps that inevitably affect the living standards
of the population will inevitably emerge. That is why a
strong social policy should not be forgotten. It is
necessary to strengthen clear lines to further
strengthen the means of social protection.
The share of economically active able-bodied people in
the total population of the world is gradually declining.
Their share increased from 57-67% in 2010 to 44% by
2050.
It is projected to decline to 56 percent. As a result, the
coefficient of dependence, ie the ratio of the
population of retirement age to the population of
active working age, is increasing from year to year. For
example, in 1950, this figure was 1/8 in the United
States (a country with a positive potential for
demographic change), and by 2020 this ratio is
expected to be ¼. In European countries, where the
demographic situation is becoming more complicated,
this ratio is deteriorating. According to sociologists,
the number of people of retirement age in the Russian
Federation by 2030 will be equal to the number of
people of active working age. The main problem in the
pension system of the Commonwealth of Independent
States - demographic problems such as aging, declining
birth rates, leads to a deterioration in the ratio
between the active population and retirees, on the
other hand, economic factors such as high inflation,
rising unemployment, state budget deficits.
The following are the conditions for a strong social
policy.
Pragmatic and effective communication
Modern information and communication technologies
have given a new impetus to the relations between the
state and society. The development of the industry
contributes to the introduction of new forms of
relations between the state and society, government
agencies and citizens.
In this sense, the virtual reception of the President of
the Republic of Uzbekistan plays an important role as
an indicator of the effectiveness of public authorities,
a mechanism for in-depth analysis and solution of local
problems.
In a short period of time, the virtual reception has
become an effective tool for solving the problems of
the population. This is confirmed by the statistics of
appeals. That is, to date, more than one million
complaints have been received from citizens, of which
94% have been considered [5]. Thus, the principle of
public accountability of government agencies and
officials is being put into practice. Citizens are
increasingly involved in the country's reforms. This is
an important factor in strengthening mutual trust in
the relations between the state and the people, the
stability and development of society. Most
importantly, experts note that there are positive
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
16
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
12-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
changes in the minds and worldviews of the
population. In their view, this is a key factor in fulfilling
the tasks facing society.
Towards a creative economy
The leadership of our country is putting forward vital
initiatives aimed at diversifying the economy,
restructuring agriculture, as well as expanding foreign
economic relations. It is noteworthy that in order to
fully implement the set tasks, Uzbekistan is taking
measures to develop a creative economy based on
innovative development and accelerating economic
growth.
Its main idea is not only to increase exports, but also to
create new industries, goods and services that will
create quality jobs. The creative economy also involves
the active participation of citizens in production by
supporting start-ups, ie new business projects and
original ideas.
Start-ups are being widely introduced in our country.
They are especially popular among young people. For
example, in March of this year, a program to support
youth start-ups was launched. It was attended by more
than a thousand students from various higher
education institutions of Uzbekistan. The largest
initiatives in this large-scale project were in the areas of
e-commerce,
education,
communication
and
navigation
technologies,
transport
and
road
infrastructure, medicine and biotechnology [6].
In our country, normative documents aimed at
overcoming the main shortcomings at all levels of the
education system have been adopted and practical
efforts have been identified. All of them aimed to lay a
solid foundation for intellectual, spiritual, moral,
cultural and innovative development. The gradual
implementation of these documents serves to change
the state and society, strengthens the confidence of
our people and is recognized by the international
community.
СОNСLUSIОN
In short, the social protection system, which is formed
in the context of modernization of the economy, will,
of course, be updated accordingly in accordance with
the specific historical conditions that will change in the
future. But in a socially oriented economy, the need for
it will never disappear, and this is the essence of
democratically organized governance. Pensions are
used as social insurance for economic purposes to
compensate for loss of salary or family income. The
pension system is formed on the basis of insurance and
uses a monetary fund designed to meet the needs of
the population and to exercise their constitutional
rights.
One of the factors determining the strength of the
state is, of course, the upbringing of a spiritually
mature,
physically
healthy
and
well-rounded
generation. In this sense, we all know how important
and responsible it is to bring up a healthy generation in
our country today. Focusing on young people and
children is, in fact, an investment in the future.
However, the building of a democratic state based on
the rule of law, based on a strong civil society, is
possible only with the active participation and support
of our children. there is no doubt that educating girls
will also ensure our great future.
RЕFЕRЕNСЕS
1.
Olmasov A., Vahobov A. Economic theory.
Textbook. East. 2006.-687 з.
2.
Kasimova G. A. The main directions of social
policy. Monograph. -T .: ECONOMY-FINANCE.
2018. –118 p.
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
17
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
12-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
3.
http://www.zavtrasessiya.com/index.pl?act=P
RODUCT&id=564
4.
Jun Peng. State and Local Pension Fund
Management –USA.: «Auerbach Publications».
2018. -288 р.
5.
https://yuz.uz/
6.
https://xs.uz
7.
Law "On State Youth Policy" of September 14,
2016 / https://lex.uz/docs/3026246
8.
Speech of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev at the 72nd session
of the UN // https://uza.uz/en/posts/uzbek-
presidenti-shavkat-mirziyeevbmt-bosh-
assambleyasi-20-09-2017
9.
Speech of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev at the Youth
Forum
of
Uzbekistan
//
https://uza.uz/en/posts/resident-of-the-
president-of-the-republic-of-uzbekiston-
mirziyoev
10.
Juraev S.A. Features of the formation of
gosudarstvennoy
molodejnoy
politiki
Respubliki Uzbekistan in the transition period:
theory and practice. -T., 2014. -S.17.
11.
Yusupova N.J. Women's rights in Islam.
Tashkent: Academy of the Ministry of Internal
Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2016
12.
Jun Peng. State and Local Pension Fund
Management –USA.: «Auerbach Publications».
2018. -288 р.
