Authors

  • Egamberdiev Shavkatbek Shakhobiddin ugli
    Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan
  • Mukhtorov Oyatillo Nematjon ugli
    Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan
  • Gulamov Jasurbek Muhammadali ugli
    Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan
  • Davronov Diyorbek Davlatbek ugli
    Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/Volume04Issue02-08

Keywords:

Environmental issues global climate change Holocene Epoch

Abstract

Global climate change is widely studied globally. Today on Earth global climate change is observed. The average temperature on our planet is over thirty a degree increased in the year. New species of insects and pests have appeared. This a very big problem. Hence the climate change that the study raises causes, among other problems, humanity in nature during its existence is associated with interference. Logging, plowing, land improvement, and etc. will cause changes in humidity and wind conditions and an opinion on this - mulochases can attract the attention of a person and bring the scientific novelty of the topic increases.


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Volume 04 Issue 02-2024

44


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

02

P

AGES

:

44-48

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

ABSTRACT

Global climate change is widely studied globally. Today on Earth global climate change is observed. The average

temperature on our planet is over thirty a degree increased in the year. New species of insects and pests have

appeared. This a very big problem. Hence the climate change that the study raises causes, among other problems,

humanity in nature during its existence is associated with interference. Logging, plowing, land improvement, and etc.

will cause changes in humidity and wind conditions and an opinion on this - mulochases can attract the attention of a

person and bring the scientific novelty of the topic increases.

KEYWORDS

Environmental issues, global climate change, Holocene Epoch, UN Convention, industries, climate change, World

Oceans, Deforestation, land plowing.

INTRODUCTION

Research Article

ECONOMIC PROBLEMS RELATED TO ECOLOGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Submission Date:

February 19, 2024,

Accepted Date:

February 24, 2024,

Published Date:

February 29, 2024

Crossref doi:

https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/Volume04Issue02-08


Egamberdiev Shavkatbek Shakhobiddin ugli

Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan

Mukhtorov Oyatillo Nematjon ugli

Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan

Gulamov Jasurbek Muhammadali ugli

Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan

Davronov Diyorbek Davlatbek ugli

Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan

Journal

Website:

https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmef

Copyright:

Original

content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons

attributes

4.0 licence.


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Volume 04 Issue 02-2024

45


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

02

P

AGES

:

44-48

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

Let's talk about the causes and consequences of Global

climate change of the planet the geological age is

about 4.5 billion years. During this period, the Earth is

fundamentally changed. The composition of the

atmosphere, the mass of the planet, the climate-at the

beginning of life everything was completely different.

Bright ball very slowly we present it into our vision.

Seas and oceans on a slowly cooling planet appeared.

Continents

appeared

and

disappeared,

their

imagination and measurements were changed. The

ground began to spin more slowly. First plants, then

Life Itself appeared. Accordingly, the planet over the

past billions of years dramatic changes in the flow of

moisture,

heat

exchange

and

atmospheric

composition met. Climate change has occurred

throughout the life of the Earth [1].

The Holocene is part of the Quaternary period of the

Cenozoic era . In other words, this is a period that

began 12 thousand years ago and continues to this day.

Holocene is the name of it began with the end of the

ice age, and since that time the climate on our planet

change is moving against climate change. This period is

often called interglacial, since for the entire climatic

history of the planet there are already several glaciers

there was a period [2].

The last global cooling occurred 110 thousand years

ago. About 14 thousand years first began the gradual

heating of the entire planet. Of the northern

hemisphere. the glaciers that covered most of them

began to melt and fall. Naturally, of these it was not all

overnight. For a very long time, the planet has a strong

temperature change shaken with, the glaciers later

developed and then went back again. Of these

everything affected the level of the World Ocean.

In the course of many studies, scientists have found

that depending on the climate, Holocene for several

times decided to become. About 12-10 thousand years

ago, glaciers fell, the postglacial period has come. In

Europe, the tundra disappeared, replaced by birch,

pine and mountain forests appeared. This time is called

the Arctic and subarctic period.

After that, boreal age continued. Taiga pushes tundra

again sent. Widespread forests have emerged in

southern Europe. Climate at the moment it was mostly

cool and dry.

About 6 thousand years ago, The Atlantic period

began, during which the weather was warm and humid

it was much warmer than modern. This time is the

climatic Optima of the entire Holocene is. Half of the

territory of Iceland is covered with birch forests.

Europe it has bred in many heat-loving plants. At the

same time, temperate forests the quantity was very

close to the North. Dark coniferous on the coast of the

Barents Sea the forests grew and the uncle reached

Cape Chelyuskin. Modern Sahara on the territory there

was savannah, and the water level in Lake Chad was

higher than the modern 40 meters.

Climate change followed. Frost, which lasted about 2

thousand years hit. This time is known as subboreal.

Alaska, Iceland mountain ranges, Alps glaciers formed


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Volume 04 Issue 02-2024

46


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

02

P

AGES

:

44-48

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

in the mountains. The scenery approached the

equator.

Climate formation factors: scientists numerous

archaeological studies they conducted and concluded

that the climate of the planet has changed many times.

This many hypotheses were put forward on the score.

According to one of the opinions, if the Earth and The

Sun with the same distance between the speed of

planetary rotation and the angle of the axis, the climate

remains stable [3].

External factors of climate change:

1. Changes in solar radiation lead to changes in solar

radiation flows comes.

2. The movements of the tectonic plates indicate the

orography of the earth, as well as the level of the

oceanand affects its circulation.

3. The composition of atmospheric gas, in particular,

the concentration of methane and carbon dioxide.

4. Change in the angles of the Earth's axis of rotation.

5. Changing the orbital parameters of the planet in

relation to the sun.

6. Earth and space disasters.

The reasons for climate change, among other things,

are that humanity in nature has its in connection with

the fact that it interfered during its existence.

Deforestation, land plowing, Land Improvement, etc.

to change in humidity and wind conditions leads.

Hammer swamps when people make changes in the

surrounding

nature,

construction

of

artificial

reservoirs, planting of forests kasich or a new one,

cities build, etc., change of microclimate. Great impact

on forest wind regime shows how the snow cover is

here, how cold the soil is depends on the location [4].

The reasons for climate change are not only general

warming, but also in human activities also lies. People

carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, methane, tropospheric

ozone, substances such as chlorofluorocarbon have

increased concentration in the air. Of these all

ultimately lead to an increase in the greenhouse effect

and the consequences can be irreversible. 97% of

climatologists around the world say that over the past

100 years everything is sharp sure it has changed. And

the main problem of climate change is anthropogenic

activity.

It is not reliably said how serious this situation is, but

there are many reasons to worry:

1. I have to revise the world map. Indeed, in the Arctic

and Antarctica permafrost of glaciers, groundwater

about 2 of the world's water reserves if the percentage

is, the ocean level rises to 150 meters. Scientists '

estimates it is estimated that the Arctic will be free of

ice in the summer of 2050. Multi-shore the cities suffer,

a number of island states are completely lost.

2. The threat of global food shortages. Already, the

number of inhabitants of the planet is seven over a

billion. The population will increase by two billion over

the next 50 years. Of life expected duration and

current reduction in infant mortality in 2050 taking into

account the trend, food products from the current

figure 70 percentage. Until then, many regions could


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Volume 04 Issue 02-2024

47


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

02

P

AGES

:

44-48

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

be flooded. The rise in temperature makes part of the

plain desert. Tahillar at risk is.

3. The melting of the Arctic and Antarctica on a

worldwide scale is carbon dioxide and methane leads

to waste. Under the permafrost there is a large amount

of greenhouse gases. After escaping into the

atmosphere, they are deadly to all of humanity the

greenhouse effect with consequences is exacerbated

several times.

4. Oxidation of the ocean. One third of carbon dioxide

settles in the ocean, but supersaturation with this gas

leads to the oxidation of water. Industrial Revolution

already increased oxidation by 30 percent.

5. Mass extinction of species. Naturally, extinction is a

natural process. However recently, a lot of animals and

plants have died, and this is because the activities of

mankind. Weather cataclysms. Global warming leads

to disasters. Drought, water floods, storms,

earthquakes, tsunamis - everything becomes more

frequent and faster. Current the air temperature per

day is 106 thousand people, and this figure increases.

6. Inevitability of wars. Drought and flooding make the

entire region for life makes it unsuitable, which means

that people are looking for an opportunity to survive.

Resources for the war begins.

7. Changing the flow of the ocean. The main "heater"

of Europe is flowing in the Atlantic Ocean a hot stream

is a Gulf Stream. Already, this stream sinks down and

takes its course modifies. If the process continues,

There will be a layer of snow in Europe. There will be

big problems with obhavo around the world.

8. Climate change costs billions of dollars. How much is

this number if everything goes on it is not known

whether it can reproduce.

9. Ground breaking. No one guesses how much the

planet will change due to the world climate can not.

Scientists are developing ways to prevent symptoms.

Of these one is the release of a large amount of sulfur

into the atmosphere. This is a huge volcano simulates

the effects of its explosion and causes the planet to be

exposed due to the obstruction of sunlight leads to

cooling. However, how this system affects and makes

humanity only it is not known whether it can worsen.

What are the consequences of climate change in most

countries of the world they are afraid of being.

International treaty-United for more than 20 years. The

main convention on climate change of the nations was

created. This there referring to all possible measures to

prevent global warming caught. The convention was

ratified by 186 countries, including Russia made. All

participants are divided into 3 groups: industrialized

countries, economic development and developing

countries.

The essence of climate change in the last century is

global warming. Worst according to forecasts, the

more unconventional activity of mankind will reduce

the temperature of the Earth can increase to 11

degrees. Climate change is not reversed. Of the

planets. Many animals and plants that slow their


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Volume 04 Issue 02-2024

48


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

02

P

AGES

:

44-48

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

circulation die. World the level of the ocean is the

water of many islands and coastal regions increases to

the extent that it can overtake. Gulf Stream changes its

direction, which is in Europe leads to a new Little Ice

Age. Major earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, storms,

droughts, tsunamis, etc.are common. Arctic and

Antarctica the melting of their ice begins [5].

The consequences for humanity will be very bad.

Strong natural anomalies in addition to the need to

survive in conditions, there are many other problems.

In particular, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory

diseases, psychological diseases increase, an epidemic

epidemic begins. Food and drinking water lack.

CONCLUSION

To eliminate the consequences of climate change, first

of all, it is necessary to reduce the level of greenhouse

gases in the atmosphere. Humanity has little energy

and it should move to new energy sources that should

be renewable. Sooner or later, the world community is

seriously faced with this question, because today the

mineral resource applied in the day is not renewable.

One day scientists are new, further they will have to

create effective technologies. It is also necessary to

lower the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere,

and this can only help in the restoration of forest areas.

You perform maximum efforts to stabilize the global

temperature on Earth increase desired. but even if it is

not successful, the global warming of humanity is

minimal you need to try to achieve the effect.

REFERENCES

1.

www.climate.nasa.gov

2.

Ergashev A., Ergashev T. Ekologiya, biosfera va

tabiatni muxofaza qilish. T.: «Yangi asr avlodi»,

2005, b- 262-263

3.

Soil and Climate, Rattan Lal B. A. Stewart ,

Advances in Soil Science

4.

Climate Change: Causes, Effects, and Solutions

Jameel R. Kaddo, 2016

5.

www.en.wikipedia.org

References

www.climate.nasa.gov

Ergashev A., Ergashev T. Ekologiya, biosfera va tabiatni muxofaza qilish. T.: «Yangi asr avlodi», 2005, b- 262-263

Soil and Climate, Rattan Lal B. A. Stewart , Advances in Soil Science

Climate Change: Causes, Effects, and Solutions Jameel R. Kaddo, 2016

www.en.wikipedia.org