JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 15, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Ergashev Bekzod
Central Asian Medical University, O’zbekiston, Farg’ona, Burhoniddin Marg’inoniy ko’chasi 64
uy, tel: +998 95 485 00 70, e-mail: info@camuf.uz
E-mail: bekzodergashev0401@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0382-0811
UDC: 159.9, 616-006-085,
PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR CANCER PATIENTS
Abstract:
This article presents scientific perspectives on the psychological characteristics of
oncology patients, their mental-emotional state, pathological features, and the pathogenesis of
the pathology. The primary focus of the article is the necessity of studying patients'
psychological conditions as a crucial aspect of their treatment, especially in adult patients.
Keywords:
Oncology, psyche, medicine, psychology, hematology, psychological support,
mental state, assessment, attitude, experience, goal, trust.
Intradaction:
It is well known that in adult patients with oncological and hematological diseases,
self-esteem is restored based on their experience of being treated with respect by those around
them[1]. If a patient is treated with respect by others, they, in turn, are capable of treating
themselves with care and respect. Encouraging the patient with words like, "Believe in yourself,
everyone loves you, trust those who are taking care of you" can help build their trust in those
around them. It is important not only to monitor existing symptoms but also to understand what
lies behind the patient's complaints and behavior. Observation and assessment of self-care
abilities should be conducted. In recent years, the incidence of oncological diseases has
significantly increased worldwide. In this context, the role of deontology in the relationship
between the doctor and the patient is extremely important[2]. When a doctor diagnoses a patient
with cancer, the patient may experience acute stress after receiving the diagnosis. How they cope
with this stress largely depends on the information they had before becoming ill. Nevertheless,
initial reactions such as shock, confusion, and denial are understandable. Under acute stress,
cognitive abilities decline, making it difficult to make urgent decisions. Denial serves as a
defense mechanism against a psychological shock and forces the patient to carefully and
repeatedly verify the information they receive from various sources[3]. It is crucial for the
patient to have someone nearby who can help organize their treatment. These individuals can
include close family members, peer counselors, and charity foundation staff who support patients
during their treatment journey. People who have experienced cancer themselves play an
important role; they share their experiences of adapting to the illness and treatment[5]. They
reassure patients that what they are feeling is normal (for example, if they don’t feel like visiting
a doctor).
What helps in accepting the diagnosis?
Accepting a diagnosis is a long, multi-stage, and cyclical process. The well-known five stages of
acceptance (denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance) are rarely experienced in a strictly
linear fashion. Each individual has their own unique way of coping. A person may
simultaneously experience anger, confusion, and depression while still taking actions beneficial
to them. They may also revisit previous stages multiple times.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 15, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
The first and most important factor in accepting the illness is time. To make this process less
painful, people need emotional resilience and attention to their individual needs. Some may
require additional support during this period.
The role of various specialists in the fight against cancer.
In the battle against oncological diseases, not only medical professionals but also biologists,
geneticists, chemists, physicists, and experts from various scientific fields play an active role.
The efforts of scientists have led to significant advancements in the early detection and treatment
of cancer[4].
For instance, in neurology, technologies such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) have enabled early detection and effective treatment of brain tumors.
Before the 1980s, diagnosing brain tumors was extremely difficult and required multiple
attempts. In suspected cases, deep clinical examinations were conducted alongside several
paraclinical tests, including radiography, echoencephalography, electroencephalography[6],
rheoencephalography, pneumoencephalography, and cerebral angiography. The last three tests
were particularly crucial for diagnosis. The psychological challenges of adult cancer patients.
Discussing the psychological aspects of adult cancer patients is particularly relevant when
addressing brain tumor diagnostics. Unlike tumors in other organs, brain tumors often cause
psychological disturbances. Furthermore, when a patient is diagnosed with a brain tumor and
learns that it requires surgery, they often experience severe emotional distress[5]. The fact that
the disease affects the brain the div’s control center intensifies their anxiety. In such cases, the
doctor’s role is not only to provide medical treatment but also to help alleviate psychological
tension. This responsibility should not be solely assigned to a psychologist but should be actively
handled by the neurosurgeon performing the operation. Despite the complexity of the surgery,
the neurosurgeon must explain to the patient that their condition is expected to improve after the
procedure and that they will be relieved of their suffering. A psychologist invited to the
neurosurgery department plays a crucial role not only in diagnosing and treating psychological
disorders caused by the tumor but also in assisting the neurosurgeon with preparing the patient
for surgery and providing post-operative psychological support[9]. The Role of Cancer Survivors.
People who have experienced cancer themselves play an important role; they share their
experiences of adapting to the illness and treatment. They help reassure patients that what they
are feeling is normal (for example, if they don’t feel like visiting a doctor)[7]. During this period,
cancer survivors should actively participate in the treatment process. What Psychological
Challenges Do Cancer Patients Face.
The most common psychological issues that lead people to seek help from a psychologist
include:
Difficulties in accepting the diagnosis, self-blame – perceiving cancer as a shameful condition,
struggling to talk about it, and finding it hard to adapt to treatment.
Emotional distress experiencing shock, low mood, anxiety, fear, guilt, uncertainty, and loneliness.
Existential issues struggling to find meaning in life and facing difficulties in self-identity.
Difficulties related to treatment side effects problems with sleep, pain, physical changes (such as
hair loss, scars, and wounds), and chronic fatigue.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 15, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Challenges in following prescriptions and communicating with doctors difficulties in interacting
with medical professionals and adhering to treatment plans[8]. Struggles with discussing the
illness finding it hard to talk about cancer with others.
Social adaptation and returning to normal life after treatment reintegrating into daily life post-
treatment. Among cancer patients, stress and depression are commonly observed. The level of
psycho-emotional distress (grief) is measured using the NCCN Distress Thermometer[10]. If the
score exceeds 4, psychological support is recommended, as scores between 4 and 10 are
associated with increased anxiety and depression. However, regardless of numerical scores, the
only true criterion for psychological support is the patient’s personal desire for help.
Psychological assistance cannot be forced, and emotional suffering is a highly subjective
experience[11].
Supporting Patients in Terminal Cases.
Unfortunately, some oncological diseases reach incurable stages. However, this does not mean
that nothing can be done or that the patient does not need help. Even in such cases, various
specialists should be involved to maximize the quality of life. The latest methods and tools
should be available to relieve suffering and provide comfort. During this period, many patients
require psychological support[12].
Helping with important decision-making and preparing for the final days of life, including care
arrangements, writing a will for loved ones, expressing wishes for medical professionals, and
maintaining communication with family and friends. Psychological support can be beneficial as
part of a comprehensive approach to relieving painful symptoms such as pain and shortness of
breath[10].
Conclusion:
As we can see, the role of a psychologist is extensive. It involves reducing anxiety
and depression in many cancer patients and their families, supporting them through all stages of
the illness, helping them adapt more effectively, and ensuring they suffer less during this difficult
time. Thanks to the support of psychologists, even in extremely challenging situations, people
can develop a deeper and clearer perception of life, appreciate relationships in a unique way,
make the most of available opportunities, and learn to cherish every moment. Rebuilding life
under new circumstances helping patients find meaning, focus on their psychological needs, be
heard and understood, complete important tasks, and leave behind their legacy.
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JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 15, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
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