“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI
VOLUME 03, ISSUE 06, 2025. JUNE
ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869
282
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF
CLEANING SEED COTTON FROM SMALL IMPURITIES
Ogiloy A. Bakhtiyorova
Fergana state Technical University, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Abstract
In this article, our national wealth is faced with various problems in the
processing of seed cotton from large and small impurities. In order to find a solution
to these problems, it was determined as a result of the analysis that the machine for
cleaning seed cotton from small impurities is more efficient than other models.
Keywords:
saw drum, mesh surface, supply roller, brush drum, dirt hopper.
Introduction
Taking into account that the main cotton raw materials grown in our republic
correspond to high varieties, and they contain 8-9% moisture, they are dried using
cold air or are not passed through drying drums at all. When moisture is 9-10%, raw
cotton is processed in drying drums to remove 1-2% moisture. Cotton drying with
this method is very expensive. Currently, cotton drying in this way does not meet
the requirements for production. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out the process of
drying cotton raw materials with such humidity in other ways.
The increase and decrease of productivity and efficiency of the cotton ginning
enterprise depends on the technological processes of drying and cleaning the seeded
cotton. Today, due to the increase in the types of cotton varieties and the emergence
of special varieties, which are called difficult to clean, it is necessary to improve the
technology and technique of cleaning seed cotton from small impurities.
Today, cotton cleaning equipment of the 1XK and 6A-12M models are widely
used in the cleaning departments of cotton gins. The advantage of 1XK equipment
over other equipment is the high efficiency and cleaning efficiency. Also, the 1XK
is relatively easy to service and repair.
Taking into account that the main cotton raw materials grown in our republic
correspond to high varieties, and they contain 8-9% moisture, they are dried using
cold air or are not passed through drying drums at all. When moisture is 9-10%, raw
cotton is processed in drying drums to remove 1-2% moisture. Cotton drying with
“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI
VOLUME 03, ISSUE 06, 2025. JUNE
ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869
283
this method is very expensive. Currently, cotton drying in this way does not meet
the requirements for production. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out the process of
drying cotton raw materials with such humidity in other ways.
It was aimed to improve the 1XK cleaning equipment based on the drying
process of seed cotton raw materials from small impurities in the equipment.
The working process of the 1XK small dirt cleaning equipment is as follows:
Seeded cotton is lowered into the mine installed on the supply rollers. Counter-
rotating feed rollers feed the seeded cotton evenly to the pile drum. The drum with
a pile rotates clockwise and in turn carries the seeded cotton over various surfaces
and conveys it to the second drum.In this order, seeded cotton is cleaned and
separated from small impurities in all drums. Separated impurities fall down the
sloped walls of the impurity hoppers through various surface openings at the bottom
of the drums and are sucked up by pneumatic transport. Cleaned seeded cotton is
removed from the equipment and transferred to the next technological process.
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 1 1XK model cleaning from small impurities scheme of the equipment
1-providing rollers; 2-pile-blade drums; 3-mesh surface (surface); 4th dirt
hopper; Nov. 5.
Cotton falls on piled drums (2) and is pressed with piles and hit on mesh
surface (3).
“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI
VOLUME 03, ISSUE 06, 2025. JUNE
ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869
284
As a result, seeded cotton is shaken and cleaned of small impurities. The
impurities released through the mesh surface fall into the hoppers (4) and are taken
out with the help of a collecting auger.
In order to improve the technological processes of the 1-XK small dirt
cleaning machine, scientific research work was conducted and analyzed. The results
showed that small impurities (soil and cotton leaf particles) mixed with air in the air
flow from the first pile drum were found to move to the next sections and fall back
into the cotton. In order to study these problems, a device for absorbing the air
formed during the rotation of the first drum with piles was prepared and
experimental tests were conducted.
1
3
4
5
6
7
2
O
40
0
240
O
140
890
430
1
2
-1
4
Figure 2 Cross-section diagram of 1XK equipment with proposed dry-cleaning
processes
1. Supply rollers, 2. Hot air supply pipe, 3. Pile drum, 4. Mesh surface, 5.
Impurity hopper, 6. Hole, 7. Outlet throat.
It was proposed to dry cotton with low moisture content (8-9%) by blowing
hot air over the piled drums of the equipment for cleaning seed cotton from small
impurities.
“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI
VOLUME 03, ISSUE 06, 2025. JUNE
ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869
285
40
18
15
42
Figure 3 Scheme of the heat supply pipe to the 1XK cleaning equipment.
Conclusion
In order to improve the technological processes of the 1-XK small dirt
cleaning machine, scientific research work was conducted and analyzed. The results
showed that small impurities (soil and cotton leaf particles) mixed with air in the air
flow from the first pile drum were found to move to the next sections and fall back
into the cotton. In order to study these problems, a device for absorbing the air
formed during the rotation of the first drum with piles was prepared and
experimental tests were conducted.
References:
1.
Prepared under the general editorship of FBOmonov. Handbook on
"Cotton Preprocessing". Tashkent - "Voris" - 2008.
2.
YZZikriyoyev "Cotton preliminary processing" tutorial. Tashkent,
"Mehnat" sold in 2002
3.
Baltabaev S.D., Parpiev A.P. "Dushka klopka-syrtsa". Textbook.
Tashkent. "Teacher", 1980.
4.
Baxtiyorova O’g’iloy ”Chigitli paxtani namlash texnologik jarayonidan
oldin namlash texnologiyasi”
