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UNDERSTANDING UZBEK TEXTS IN ENGLISH
Rasuljonova Saida
School teacher No. 191 of Tashkent City
Abstract:
In this article includes it should be said that communication between
people is carried out through the means of communication texts (and this is
recognized by the creators of text linguistics, in general, by the majority of text
researchers), limiting the text only to the written form contradicts the existing rules
of text theory. After all, it is impossible to imagine that any communication between
people takes place only and only in written form.
Keywords:
informative text, order-desire meaningful text, emotional
expression meaningful text, theme- rheumatic attitude.
Even though cohesion is not maintained in this example, the text producer still
succeeds in achieving the goal of finding out if the text receiver wanted a piggyback.
Acceptability concerns the text receiver's attitude that the text should constitute
useful or relevant details or information worth accepting. Text type, the desirability
of goals, and the political and sociocultural setting, as well as cohesion and
coherence, are important in influencing the acceptability of a text.
Text producers often speculate on the receiver's attitude of acceptability and
present texts that maximize the probability that the receivers will respond as desired
by the producers. For example, texts that are open to a wide range of interpretations,
such as "Call us before you dig. You may not be able to afterward" require more
inferences about the related consequences. This is more effective than an explicit
version of the message that informs receivers of the full consequences of digging
without calling because receivers are left with great uncertainty as to the
consequences that could result; this plays to people's risk aversion.
Informativity concerns the extent to which the contents of a text are already
known or expected as compared to unknown or unexpected. No matter how expected
or predictable content may be, a text will always be informative at least to a certain
degree due to unforeseen variability. The processing of highly informative text
demands greater cognitive ability but at the same time is more interesting. The level
“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
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ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869
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of informativity should not exceed a point such that the text becomes too
complicated and communication is endangered. Conversely, the level of
informativity should also not be so low that it results in boredom and the rejection
of the text.
Situationality concerns the factors which make a text relevant to a situation of
occurrence. The situation in which a text is exchanged influences the comprehension
of the text. There may be different interpretations of the road sign
SLOW
CARS
HELD UP
However, the most likely interpretation of the text is obvious because the
situation in which the text is presented provides the context which influences how
text receivers interpret the text. The group of receivers (motorists) who are required
to provide a particular action will find it more reasonable to assume that "slow"
requires them to slow down rather than referring to the speed of the cars that are
ahead. Pedestrians can tell easily that the text is not directed towards them because
varying their speeds is inconsequential and irrelevant to the situation. In this way,
the situation decides the sense and use of the text.
Situationality can affect the means of cohesion; the less cohesive text may be
more appropriate than more cohesive text depending on the situation. If the road sign
was "Motorists should reduce their speed and proceed slowly because the vehicles
ahead are held up by road works, therefore proceeding at too high a speed may result
in an accident', every possible doubt of intended receivers and intention would be
removed. However, motorists only have a very short amount of time and attention
to focus on and react to road signs. Therefore, in such a case, the economical use of
text is much more effective and appropriate than a fully cohesive text.
Intertextuality concerns the factors which make the utilization of one text
dependent upon knowledge of one or more previously encountered texts. If a text
receiver does not have prior knowledge of a relevant text, communication may break
down because the understanding of the current text is obscured. For texts such as
parodies, rebuttals, forums, and classes in school, the text producer has to refer to
prior texts while the text receivers have to have knowledge of the prior texts for
communication to be efficient or even occur. In other text types such as puns, for
“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
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ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869
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example, "Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana', there is no need to refer
to any other text.
Research shows that the text is divided into two according to the size and
content sign:
1. Types of text according to size.
2. Text types according to the content of the expression.
Text types by size: A text is a medium of large-scale communication, a speech
activity, rather than a sentence product, written speech formed on the basis of certain
laws it looks like. We divide the text according to the size symbol: Minimum text
and max text. Descriptive texts Such as a person, place, animal, etc. unknown to the
text listener a creature or thing belonging to the plant kingdom and was created in
order to describe the incident in detail will be. The appearance of a monologic speech
in a visual text is leadership does. The patronymic image is the most characteristic
feature of such a text is considered That is, the first, primary object of the depicted
object feature is mentioned. Then the properties related to it and its parts are
discussed:
For example: Aslida esa yakan –qamishzorda o‘suvchi o‘simlik. Yakanni o‘rib
olib, quritib uzum osadilar yoki savat qalpoq to‘qiydilar. Ma’lumki, qamish uzun,
yakan esa, aksincha, pastak o‘simlik
Explanatory texts: To emphasize the persuasiveness of the thought expressed
in such a text various arguments and explanations are presented. To justify, to prove,
to justify oneself attempt or defense to make various excuses is one of the unique
aspects of the meaningful text type. With thought, it is important that there is a
logical connection between the presented evidence is counted. Units such as chunki,
zеro, lеkin, aslida, shuning uchun,to‘g‘risini (ochig‘ini, rostini) aytganda,
eshitishimga qaraganda, bilishimcha, taxminimcha in a text we will see if it is used.
Didactic texts to someone admonish, and educate him through various life
events or on the basis of the desire to teach to draw conclusions from what was said
structured text is called didactic text. A proverb, saying, aphorism used in the text
with a specific purpose, various life events, narratives, and parables are called
didactema. Didactems are incorporated into the text in different ways. The author
brings such didactems directly into the text and tells what genre it belongs to. Texts
with message content: Created for the purpose of reporting an event or Linked text
is the content of the message. Artistic the text is informative in its own way. In
“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI
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ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869
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everyday life is fundamentally different from a simple message. The message in the
literary text is aesthetic it is distinguished by its goal orientation. Such a message
will be related to the whole work. The story, image, explanation, and didactic.
The command comes in the form of meaningful text types. Texts with a
command-desire content Command - where the tone of desire or advice leads, made
up of imperative sentences, doing something or different command to the type of
text that expresses prohibitions - desire is meaningfully called text. Texts with
emotional expression are the inner experiences of a person, negative or positive to
reality the text expressing the attitude with its own pathos is an emotional expression
is called meaningful text.
CONCLUSION
The concept of text in Uzbek and English refers to a coherent piece of written
or spoken language that conveys meaning, consisting of smaller linguistic units such
as words, phrases, and sentences. The main purpose of the text is to convey a
message or idea to the reader or listener.
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2. Saberev E. Linguistic analysis of the text. - Bukhara, Bukhdu edition, 2000.
– 36 b.
3. Text and its interpretation (materials of the international scientific and
theoretical conference, Samarkand, 16-18 November 2000). - Samarkand,
SamDChTI edition, 2000. – 256 b.
4. Petrov V.V. Philosophy, semantics, pragmatics // Novoe v zarubezhnoy
linguistike. Vipusk XU1, M.: Progress, 1985. - S. 471.
5. Hakimov M.X. Pragmatic interpretation of the text in Uzbek, DDA. -
Tashkent, 2001. – 50 b. 23. Yuldashev M.M. Linguopoetic study of artistic text.
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