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HISTORY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Saidova Nilufar Nurullayevna
Kashkadarya region Higher
Polytechnium of the Muborek district
of the Department of Science and Innovation
Teacher of "History"
Muhammadova Sayyora Axadovna
Kashkadarya Regional Department of
Higher Education and Innovation of Higher Education
Mubarak district Polytechnum
"Business Basics of Business" teacher
Abstract: Entrepreneurship has appeared as one of the important factors of
economic and social development in human history. This history includes the complex
processes that developed from the first trading activities of man, to the era of the
industrial revolution, and later to the modern global economy.
The origin of the concept of entrepreneurship, its stages of development and
its influence on socio-economic conditions in different periods are analyzed. Market
relations in ancient civilizations, crafts and trade in the Middle Ages, industrial
revolution and the role of entrepreneurs in the formation of capitalism are studied in
depth. Also, the development of corporate entrepreneurship in the 20th century and
new aspects of entrepreneurship in the era of technological innovations in the 21st
century are discussed.
This article aims to reveal the importance of entrepreneurship not only in
economic, but also in social and cultural development, and is a valuable resource for
researchers, students and all those interested in entrepreneurship.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Economic development, Trade, Industrial
revolution, Capitalism, Innovations, Market relations, Corporate entrepreneurship,
Technological development, Socio-economic conditions
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Entrepreneurship is one of the most important types of activity in the history of
mankind and is a driving force of economic development. He made a great
contribution to social development by meeting the needs of society at different times,
effectively managing economic resources and introducing innovations.
The history of entrepreneurship is a well-school of rich experience reflecting
the development processes of human activity. It includes a comprehensive period,
from market trade and crafts, industrial revolution and modern technologies. Each
period has formed its own business methods, economic policy and business
environment.
In this work, starting from the emergence of entrepreneurship, its stages until
today are studied chronologically. Also, socio-economic factors and historical events
that influenced the development of entrepreneurship are analyzed in depth. Through
this research, it will be possible to understand that entrepreneurial activity is an
integral process from the past to the future.
The history of entrepreneurship not only helps to explore the economic
potential of its time, but serve valuable lessons for modern entrepreneurs and the
source of inspiration.
Entrepreneurship or business (English: business - "employment") refers to any
legal commercial activity. A person engaged in business is called an entrepreneur.
Private enterprise is the basis of a capitalist economy. In socialist economies,
entrepreneurship is handled by the government, society, or labor unions.
Entrepreneurship is divided into large, medium and small types depending on
the scale of business. Large entrepreneurship includes enterprises (firms) employing
more than 500 people, medium entrepreneurship employs 20-500 people, small
entrepreneurship includes enterprises employing 10-20 or less people. Large and
medium-sized enterprises mainly include large-scale production, mechanized and
automated industries that produce a large number of goods. Small entrepreneurship is
widespread in the fields of agriculture and public services. Small business differs from
others in that it can quickly adapt to the conditions, and therefore it is widespread.
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The history of entrepreneurship has been important in the economic and cultural
development of humanity and have unique forms and functions at different times. The
stages of entrepreneurship are considered in chronological order:
Ancient times and early entrepreneurial activity. In ancient societies, trade and
exchange processes appeared as the first forms of entrepreneurship. The first markets
and trade routes were established, and the exchange of products developed in areas
such as ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, China and India.During this period, merchants
and artisans formed the main layer of economic activity.
Entrepreneurship in the Middle Ages. Although the feudal regime reigned in
the Middle Ages, handicrafts, trade and games had a significant impact on the
development of entrepreneurship. Guildites worked as an important organization that
regulates the interests of artisans and traders and operating the market competition.
During this period, caravan sales and the development of urban markets expanded
regional economic ties.
Industrial revolution and a new stage of entrepreneurship. In the 18th-19th
centuries, the industrial revolution made a radical change in business activity.
Mechanization, the establishment of large factories and the emergence of new
technologies brought entrepreneurship to a completely new level. During this period,
along with the formation of capitalism and the increase in the volume of production,
a wide range of types of entrepreneurship appeared. Famous entrepreneurs and
industrialists played an important role in the development of the industry.
The development of corporate entrepreneurship in the 20th century. The 20th
century saw the globalization of the economy and a business environment dominated
by corporations. Transnational companies, joint-stock companies and franchising
systems led to the expansion of business activities. During this period, innovative
approaches appeared in the fields of marketing, management and financing.
XXI century and the period of technological innovations. In the XXI century,
technology development and the digital economy have created unprecedented
opportunities for entrepreneurship. Startups, entrepreneurs through e-commerce and
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innovative products began to work in a global scale. Artificial intellect, blockine and
Internet technologies have developed new forms of entrepreneurship.
Social and cultural impact of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship was not
limited to economic growth, but also had a profound effect on the cultural and social
development of the society. Through social entrepreneurship, environmental stability
and charitable activities, entrepreneurs contribute to the solution of important issues
in society.
Summary.
The historical development of entrepreneurship has gained significant
importance in the economic and social life of mankind. Although each era has created
its own opportunities and problems, entrepreneurship has always been the main factor
of development.
Used literature.
1.
"American
Heritage
Dictionary"
(https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=business).American
Heritage
Dictionary. https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=business.
2.
Longman
Business
English
Dictionary
(https://books.google.com/books?id=antLdkMwxMwC), 2nd,Pearson Longman,
2007.
ISBN
9781405852593.
OCLC
954137383
(http://worldcat.org/oclc/954137383).
3.
"Longman
Dictionary
of
Contemporary
English"
(https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/business).
Longman
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of
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