Leishmaniasis prevention by leishmanization or vaccines: a brief overview

Leishmaniasis is among the neglected diseases which are reported from 98 countries. According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimation a tenth of the world population is at risk of contracting the disease, and 12 million are affected, the annual incidence rate being 1.5-2 require infrastructure beyond the means of endemic areas. The standard treatment is toxic, costly and needs a prolonged series of daily injections, the efficacy is variable and resistance is rapidly developing in many countries. Individuals upon cure of CL lesion induced by natural infection or leishmanization (LZ) are protected against further lesion development, induction of protection in experimental model of leishmaniasis is achieved, most of the Leishmania parasites are easily cultured.