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Voice capabilities of the singer and her hygiene rules
Diloramkh
о
n KHAMDAMOVA
1
Namangan State University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received January 2022
Received in revised form
15 January 2023
Accepted 25 February 2023
Available online
15 March 2023
This article provides detailed information about the reforms
in our country, the attention paid to the art of music, in
particular, the development of the art of singing, the singer’s
voice, sounds, sound waves, and types of sound.
2181-
1415/©
2023 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss2/S-pp2
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
work,
music,
sound,
sound waves,
singer,
voice,
opportunity,
hygienic rules,
analysis of the work,
timbre,
method.
Xonandaning ovoz imkoniyatlari va uning gigienik
qoidalari
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar
:
asar,
musiqa,
tovush,
tovush to‘lqinlari,
xonanda,
ovoz,
imkoniyat,
gigiyenik qoidalar,
asar tahlili,
tembr,
usul.
Ushbu maqolasa yurtimizdagi islohotlar, musiqa san’atiga
berilayotgan
e’tibor,
xususan,
xonandalik
san’atining
rivojlanishi, xonandaning ovoz imkoniyati, tovushlar, tovush
to‘lqinlari, tovush turlari haqida batafsil ma’lumot berilgan.
1
Teacher, Namangan State University
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207
Голосовые возможности певицы и ее правила гигиены
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
произведение,
музыка,
звук,
звуковые волны,
певец,
голос,
возможность,
гигиенические правила,
анализ произведения,
тембр,
метод.
В данной статье дана подробная информация о
проводимых в нашей стране реформах, внимании к
музыкальному искусству, в частности, о развитии
искусства пения, певческого голоса, звуков, звуковых волн,
видов звука.
Over the past period, the Republic of Uzbekistan has adopted a number of normative
and legal acts on the development of culture and arts [1]. In particular, the Resolution of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PD
–3391 of November 17, 2017 “ On measures
to further develop the art of the Uzbek national makom”, of May 30, 2019 “On the
organization of the activities of the state museum-
reserves Sarmishsay”, “Shakhrisabz”,
“Termez” and “Kokand” Resolution of the Cabi
net of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan
No. 443 of April 21 [2] , 2020 “On measures to further increase the efficiency of the fine and
applied arts” Resolution No. PD–4688 of May 26, 2020 “Culture Decree No. PD–
6000 of May
23 [3].Ensuring the development and prospects of the Republic of Uzbekistan depends on
the changes taking place in economic, social, political and cultural spheres, and in order to
participate actively in such changes, high-level general and special knowledge, intellectual
capacity, broad outlook and skillful use of information communications are required. Based
on these requirements, the training of pedagogic personnel is one of the most important
tasks of today.
A singer’s ability to perform perfectly depends on his physiological
and physical
strength. The process that forms the core of the singer
’
s vocal capabilities is sound.
Sound is a physical phenomenon. The source of sound actually depends on the frequency
of vibration of an object (for example, a string). As a result of such actions, wave-like
vibrations, that is, sound waves, occur in the air. They affect the hearing organ, pass
through the auditory nerve fibers to the brain and create a sound sensation.
The sounds that can be heard in nature are endless. They are divided into noisy
–
natural sounds such as knocking, rustling, humming, and musical
–
artificial sounds such
as the voice of a person singing, sounds of a playing musical instrument, or electronic
musical instruments, which developed especially after the second half of the 20th
century. Musical sounds are the main tool of musical art and serve to reflect the
surrounding reality. They are selected and organized into a specific system during the
centuries-old development of musical culture. The basis of the elements of musical
expressiveness is the musical sound, which has its own characteristics. These
characteristics result from the vibration speed, vibration amplitude, vibration duration,
and the number and quality of the components of the vibrating div.
The speed of the vibration depends on the height of the sound. The higher the
vibration speed, the higher the pitch, and vice versa, the lower the vibration speed, the
lower the pitch. Therefore, sounds are divided into two different groups:
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1) sounds with clearly defined pitch
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musical sounds;
2) sounds of uncertain pitch
–
noisy sounds.
The strength of the vibration movement is expressed in the vibration width
(amplitude) and ensures sound hardness (forte-piano sound). The wider is the amplitude
of vibrations, the louder is the sound. The duration of the vibration depends on the
duration of the sound. The wider the amplitude of the vibrations, the longer the sound
will last. The composition of sound source vibrations should be understood as follows.
The sound source vibrates simultaneously not only as a whole, but also in its parts. Its
overall vibration is considered the primary vibration and produces the best audible
sound. This sound is called the main tone. The vibration speed of each section (equal to
half, one-third, one-fourth, one-fifth, etc. of the total length of the div) creates a sound
corresponding to its length. Such additional sounds are two or three times louder than
the main tone. Because the shorter is the length of the sound source, the higher is its
vibration speed and the higher is the resulting sound pitch. These additional, component
tones are called overtones or harmonics.
The overtones included in the sound create the color of the sound, i.e. the timbre.
The timbre emphasizes the individual quality of the sound, its dissimilarity from other
sounds. The human voice is capable of perfectly performing musical sounds based on
meaning and content, feelings and excitement. The singer
’
s voice has timbre, which is
formed by the harmony of sound power, height, hardness and all of them. A vocal singer
is a person who is able to influence the listener
’
s heart by using all structural
possibilities, aspects, tones, moans and groans of the voice. In order to achieve this voice,
a person must have a perfect knowledge of musical information, work tirelessly on his
voice, develop his natural talent, constantly take lessons from teachers, share exercises
and experiences, take care of his voice and use it wisely.
There are voice types recognized by all nations of the world in terms of vocal
singing and they are classified. Voice types and their classification are rarely found in the
practice of Uzbek singing. They have been called differently by the population in the
vernacular based on the singer’s vocal ability a
nd performance qualities. For example:
“Stick voice”, “David’s voice”, “Strong voice”, “Sick voice”, “Funny voice”, “Hoarse voice”,
“Strange voice”, “Noisy voice”, “Scream voice”, “Screaming voice”, “Mourning voice”,
“Painful voice”, “Ringing voice”, “Nice
voice” and so on.
The singer’s voice is not only audible, but also the performance range, the
melodiousness of the voice, the correctness of the pronunciation, the rhythmicity,
pleasing to the listener, the fullness of the content and essence of the utterance, the
timbre, the ability to sing in high rangess is characterized. Voice is divided into low and
high registers from the point of view of being low and high. Usually, the concept of
register is part of the voice range.
According to the technique of using the voices of the singers in the performance of
traditional singing, musicologists divide them into 3 types. That is, “Binnigi”, “Guligi”
(throat) and “Ishkami” (korin) [4] and each method is given a separate scientific and
theoretical definition. It is known that in singing, the way (method) of speech is formed
as a result of the interdependence of voice, breathing, and sound production apparatuses
and their use in harmony with each other.
Binnigi is an artificial style of performance in which the voices merge and the voice
is mainly directed towards the nose. Singers of this style are rare. Because such
performers are not accepted by the audience.
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Guligi is a style of speech that is widespread in all oases of Uzbekistan. During the
performance, the singer puts force on the throat and interprets it with difficulty.
Ishkami is the most pleasant and high-quality performance style that is
widespread and highly valued in the singing art of the peoples of Central Asia. Performers
of this category are the owners of voices with a deep breath, strong timbre, a wide range,
who can sing the middle climax and climax of the saying with high skill, and who can
perform the text of the saying clearly and easily.
As in the performance of vocal art of the peoples of the world, in the Uzbek singing
art, there is a practice of creating artificial sound “faltset” in the technique of using the
voice, and they are widely used in singing performance. A falsetto is a deliberately fake
voice [5]. However, in practice, it is possible to see this false voice combined with the
original voice. It is observed that falsetto is used in various forms in Uzbek classical
singing. To be more frank, falsetto is a performance style that is not characteristic of
Uzbek singing, and this style was not accepted by Uzbek experts and listeners.
A falsetto is an artificial sound that usually comes from the singer
’
s natural vocal
capabilities. This method is widely used in Western music culture and vocal performance.
We observe that this method, which is used in a certain part of the work in the
performance of European vocal singers, is widely found in the traditional singing
creativity of the oases of Uzbekistan, especially Khorezm and Fergana-Tashkent. During
performance, falsetto appears in different forms. Usually, most singers partially resort to
this method, performing the climax of the piece using the falsetto method. The
“
faltset
”
method is widely used in Uzbek music performance, especially in the practice of
performing musical samples (maqams) [6].
Some singers cannot play the high parts of the song, the highest notes in a natural
voice, and in such cases they use the falsetto voice. When using the falsetto performance
method, the singer should skillfully use an artificial voice instead of a natural voice on the
basis of extensive experience, so that the listener should not notice the difference in the
high or low pitch of the two.
Singer’s voice hygiene.
Voice is present in every living being, but the voice of singing or singing is considered
to be the voice that God has given in nature. Therefore, it is recommended to take care of it,
maintain it regularly, and use it wisely. The health of a singer
’
s voice and its prevention of
disease depend on vocal hygiene. Including, first of all, the singer should protect the vocal
cords from getting sick and trying too hard, from straining the throat and speaking loudly,
singing loudly, singing in comfortable tones based on the voice possibilities, tessitura
–
singing for a long time, playing without stopping in the climax and others. such conditions
can cause voice disorders. In order to prevent this, the singer must always regularly conduct
voice tuning exercises, spend a lot of time practicing in low and high voice tessitura, and not
to memorize singing [7]. It is especially appropriate to warm up the voice after certain
exercises. Drinking cold water with a hot voice or drinking extremely hot water, singing in
cold weather also causes damage to the vocal cords.
Another common defect in the practice of vocal singing is using the vocal chords
more than necessary or straining the voice by singing more than necessary without
pauses. In such cases, it is recommended to consult a specialist in the treatment of vocal
cords, a phonologist. It is recommended that a vocal singer should always practice and
sing to protect his voice from heat and cold and various diseases. It is forbidden to drink
various thirst-quenching drinks, especially after exercise and singing.
Жамият
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