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инновациялар
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Society and innovations
Journal home page:
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Development of speaking skills while learning a foreign
language for elementary level students
Aziza ABDULLAYEVA
Samarkand State University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received November 2023
Received in revised form
15 December 2023
Accepted 25 December 2023
Available online
15 February 2024
Learning a foreign language is a journey that opens doors to
new cultures, perspectives, and opportunities. For elementary
level students, this journey is not just about acquiring
vocabulary and grammar rules; it is also a crucial step in
developing effective communication skills. This article explores
the importance of developing speaking skills in elementary-
level students learning a foreign language and provides insights
into effective strategies for educators. By incorporating these
strategies into language instruction, educators can create an
enriching learning environment that not only enhances
linguistic proficiency but also nurtures a lifelong appreciation
for language and cultural diversity. Effective methods adapted
to the developmental stage of elementary learners include
immersive learning experiences, interactive activities, and
technology integration. Teachers can establish a dynamic and
captivating learning environment by adopting these strategies.
This setting fosters the development of effective communication
skills in addition to advancing language proficiency, providing
the groundwork for a lifetime of cross-cultural understanding.
2181-
1415/©
2023 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss11/S-pp188-191
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
speaking skills,
oral communication,
interactive techniques,
elementary level students,
learning foreign language.
Boshlang‘ich sinflarda xorijiy tilni o‘rgatishda gapirish
ko‘nikmasini rivojlantirish
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar
:
so‘zlash ko‘nikmasi,
og‘zaki nutq,
interaktiv metodlar,
boshlang‘ich darajadagi
o‘quvchilar,
xorijiy tilni o‘qitish.
Chet tili o‘rganish yangi madaniyatlar, ko‘rgazmalar va
imkoniyatlar eshigini ochadi. Boshlang‘ich darajadagi
o‘quvchilar uchun bu sayohat faqat leksika va grammatika
qoidalarini o‘rganish emas, balki samarali kommunikatsiya
ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishning muhim qadami hamdir. Bu
1
Denov Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy of Samarkand State University. E-mail: azizu1101azi@gmail.com
Жамият
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инновациялар
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Общество
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Society and innovations
Special Issue
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189
maqolada boshlang‘ich darajadagi o‘quvchilarning chet tilini
o‘rganishi jarayonida so‘zlash
ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishning
ahamiyati va o‘qituvchilar uchun samarali strategiyalarga oid
ma’lumotlar to‘plangan. Bu strategiyalarni til o‘qitish jarayonida
qo‘llash orqali o‘qituvchilar ta’lim muhitini yaratishlari
mumkin. Boshlang‘ich darajadagi o‘quvchilar o‘qish jarayoniga
qo‘shilgan chuqurlashtirilgan ta’lim tajribalari, interaktiv
faoliyatlar va texnologiyalar integratsiyasi orqali kerakli
ko‘nikmalarni o‘zlashtiradi. Ushbu muhit til ko‘nikmalarini
oshirish bilan birga samarali kommunikatsiyani ham
rivojlantiradi
Развитие разговорных навыков при изучении
иностранного языка у учащихся начальных классов
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
разговорные навыки,
устное общение,
интерактивные приемы,
учащиеся начальных
классов,
изучение иностранного
языка.
Изучение иностранного языка –
это путешествие,
открывающее двери к новым культурам, перспективам и
возможностям. Для учащихся начальных классов это
путешествие заключается не только в приобретении
словарного запаса и грамматических правил; это также
важный этап в развитии эффективных коммуникативных
навыков. В данной статье исследуется важность развития
разговорных навыков у учащихся начальных классов,
изучающих
иностранный
язык,
и
представлены
эффективные стратегии для преподавателей. Включение
этих стратегий в обучение языку помогает
создать
обогащающую среду обучения, которая не только
повышает языковое мастерство, но и воспитывает
понимание языка и культурного разнообразия на
протяжении
всей
жизни.
Эффективные
методы,
адаптированные к стадии развития учащихся начальной
школы, включают погружение в языковую среду,
интерактивные занятия и интеграцию технологий.
Принимая эти стратегии, учителя могут создать
динамичную и увлекательную учебную атмосферу. Такая
среда
способствует
развитию
эффективных
коммуникативных навыков и повышению языковой
компетенции, обеспечивая основу для межкультурного
взаимопонимания на всю жизнь.
Developing speaking skills is a crucial part of elementary education, also known as
primary education. This is the first phase of formal education, where students learn the
basic skills and knowledge that will prepare them for further studies. A teacher needs to
assess the level of knowledge and interest of the students, which is usually based on their
personal and social experiences to teach speaking skills effectively. The teacher’s duty is
to guide the students in the proper direction and motivate them to learn English, which is
one of the most widely spoken and useful languages in the world. (Kenjali, 2022).
A teacher needs to have a good command of English, a sound knowledge of the
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curriculum and the methodology, and a positive attitude and rapport with the students,
as these factors can influence the students’ motivation, confidence, and performance.
Language learning involves four skills: writing, listening, reading, and speaking. Speaking
is the most important skill, as it enables communication and interaction, but it is also the
most difficult skill, as it requires accuracy, fluency, and appropriateness. In mother
tongue, children get a very natural opportunity of listening and speaking in their
surroundings. Thereafter, they are sent to the school to learn reading and writing skills.
But, in the case of communication classroom, the available environment of the learner is
mother tongue in his surroundings; therefore, the teaching learning strategy should
differ greatly (Hussain, 2017). Speaking in English might be challenging for young
students because they have to learn a new alphabet, a different pronunciation, a complex
grammar, and a large vocabulary. One of the problems that make it challenging for
students to speak in English is that the method of instruction is inappropriate for
younger learners. The method of instruction is often based on rote learning, grammar
translation, or teacher-centered approach, which do not encourage the students to
practice speaking in a meaningful and interactive way. Another problem that makes it
challenging for students to speak in English is that young learners find English
unfamiliar, which makes learning difficult for them. Young learners find English
unfamiliar because it has a different word order, a different tense system, a different
sound system, and a different writing system than their mother tongue and native
languages. These problems show that teaching speaking skills to young students is not an
easy task, and that the teacher needs to think outside the box when it comes to using
strategies that will motivate students to learn English and improve their speaking skills.
Speaking skills are not only useful but also confidence-building for elementary
school students. Speaking skills enable the students to express their thoughts, feelings,
and opinions, to communicate and collaborate with others, and to apply their knowledge
and skills in different contexts (Bahrani, 2012). One of the primary approaches is to use
techniques for interactive learning to develop speaking skills effectively. Techniques for
interactive learning are strategies that involve the students in the learning process, such
as language games, role-playing, and group discussions. These techniques make the
learning more fun, engaging, and meaningful for the students, and they also provide them
with opportunities to practice speaking in a natural and authentic way. A teacher plays
an important role in incorporating these techniques into the curriculum, as they need to
create an engaging and dynamic language learning environment for the students.
A teacher also needs to provide feedback, guidance, and support to the students, as they
develop their speaking skills and confidence.
Strategies to Enhance Oral Communication Skills:
•
Engagement through Interactive Learning Activities:
Involve students in dynamic and interactive learning activities that promote verbal
communication. Activities like role-playing, group discussions, and language games
create a vibrant and enjoyable setting for practicing speaking, not only improving
language skills but also fostering a positive approach to learning.
•
Encouraging storytelling and Creative expression:
Motivate students to convey their thoughts through storytelling and creative tasks.
It not only refines their speaking abilities but also encourages exploration of imagination
in the new language. Teachers can offer prompts for storytelling, allowing students to
share their own narratives or retell familiar tales.
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•
Facilitating Collaborative Pair and Group Work:
Create a collaborative language learning experience by facilitating pair and group
work. Small group interactions provide students with numerous opportunities to engage
in speaking, listening, and responding in the foreign language. This collaborative
approach encourages peer interaction and mutual support, fostering a positive language
learning environment.
•
Integration of Multimedia Resources:
Incorporate multimedia resources like videos, audio clips, and interactive apps to
expose students to authentic language use. It not only diversifies the learning experience but
also offers models for pronunciation and intonation. Viewing short videos or listening to
native speakers aids students in developing a more natural and authentic speaking style.
•
Linking Language to Real-life Situations:
Establish connections between language learning and real-life situations.
Introduce scenarios and topics relevant to students' daily lives, illustrating the practical
applications of the language. This approach helps students recognize the usefulness of
the language, creating a more meaningful and motivating learning experience.
Repetition of rhymes, look and say, oral composition, pronunciation drills, read
aloud, open ended stories, narration, description (festivals, celebrations, occasions) are
important practices to improve speaking skills (Jyotsna, M & Rao, SN, 2009)
In conclusion, oral communication is a way of making and sharing meaning that
involves talking, listening, and understanding. It is very important for learning a language
well. Many people want to learn a foreign language, such as English, for different reasons,
such as education, work, or travel. In this article, we looked at why speaking skills are
important for learning a foreign language, and how to improve them. There are two main
ways of looking at the importance of speaking skills for learning a foreign language: the
educational perspective and the sociocultural perspective. The educational perspective
focuses on how speaking skills help students achieve their learning goals and outcomes.
For example, speaking skills can help students improve their pronunciation, grammar,
vocabulary, and fluency. They can also help students communicate their ideas, answer
questions, and give presentations. The sociocultural perspective focuses on how speaking
skills help students participate in social interactions within different cultural contexts.
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