The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical
Engineering
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TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
18-21
10.37547/tajabe/Volume07Issue04-04
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
24 February 2025
ACCEPTED
20 March 2024
PUBLISHED
23 April 2025
VOLUME
Vol.07 Issue04 2025
CITATION
Boltayeva Zarina Azamatovna. (2025). Assessment of the effect of high
temperature on the yield weight of cotton varieties in the conditions of the
Bukhara oasis. The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical
Engineering, 7(04), 18
–
21.
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/Volume07Issue04-04
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
Assessment of the effect
of high temperature on
the yield weight of cotton
varieties in the conditions
of the Bukhara oasis
Boltayeva Zarina Azamatovna
Assoc.Prof., PhD, Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan, Bukhara
Abstract:
The article presents data on the change in
crop mass as a result of the effect of high temperature
on cotton varieties. During the experiments, the yield of
cotton varieties was noted to varying degrees as a result
of the effect of high temperature. It was determined
that the difference in crop mass under the effect of high
temperature depends on the individual and biological
characteristics of the plant.
Keywords:
Cotton, heat stress, high temperature, crop
weight, pod count, pollen.
Introduction:
Increasing global climate variability is
threatening cotton production worldwide through
extreme temperatures, drought stress, and rainfall.
These stresses have resulted in a reduction in crop yields
of more than 50% worldwide. These abiotic and multiple
biotic stresses have a significant impact on cotton
production, resulting in reduced crop yield and quality.
[2-3].
During high temperature stress, cotton pollen grains
lose their ability to germinate. Pollen grains are very
sensitive to heat stress during ontogenesis. The length
of pollen tubes is also sensitive to temperature. The
length of the tubes decreased sharply when the
temperature reached 34 °C and at 43 °C, approaching
zero, indicating that the final yield of cotton may be
affected by the stress associated with increasing
temperature. A negative correlation between high
temperatures and cotton fiber yield has been observed.
The annual variation in cotton yield is associated with
the sharp variation in temperature during the growing
season (a serious problem for cotton producers). It has
been observed that when the average temperature
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The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering
exceeds 32 °C, a significant decrease in yield is
observed, and there is also a strong tendency for fruit
yield to decrease after 29 °C [6]. When the
temperature exceeds the optimal range during the
day, the rate of photosynthesis and carbohydrate
production decreases. High night temperatures
increase respiration and reduce carbohydrate content,
which leads to a decrease in various parameters (boll
volume, seed set, seed number and, most importantly,
fiber quality) [1-4]. The number and volume of bolls,
the main components of cotton yield, are found to be
very sensitive to temperature extremes, and they
significantly reduce boll retention and affect the final
cotton yield [7-8].
According to literature sources, heat stress negatively
affects seed development and is one of the main
factors reducing yield. It has been noted that small
temperature fluctuations in the field are not sufficient
to reduce seed weight, but this small increase can
significantly reduce the number of seeds per boll. To
prevent yield losses under stress conditions, simple
selection procedures should be followed. A selection
scheme can be used to conclude that reproductive
tissues are responsible for their sensitivity to
temperature [5].
METHODS
Our research was conducted in the Bukhara region. The
Bukhara-102, Bukhara-8, Bukhara-10, Sultan and
Andijan-35 varieties belonging to the group of medium-
fiber cotton varieties were used as the objects of
research. These varieties are currently widely cultivated
in various regions of our republic. Before conducting
field experiments, non-saline-control and moderately-
strongly saline (experimental) fields were determined.
Laboratory experiments In order to determine the effect
of high temperatures on varieties during cotton
ontogenesis, experiments were conducted in laboratory
and greenhouse conditions at the Laboratory of
Ecological Physiology of Bukhara State University. All
field experiments were carried out at the Bukhara
Scientific Experimental Station of the Academician M.
Mirzaev Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture,
Viticulture and Winemaking and at the “Furkat” farm in
the Kogon district. Productivity and its quality indicators
were determined based on generally accepted
methods.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The effect of temperature on the yield weight of cotton
varieties was also studied during scientific research. The
results are presented in Figure 1.
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The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering
Figure 1. Evaluation of temperature effect on crop weight, ts/ha
The productivity of cotton varieties was analyzed in all
variants of the experiment. In variant I of the
experiment, under conditions of air temperature +30-
350C, the productivity of varieties was higher than in
other variants of the experiment: 35-40 and
experiment: 40-45. In this control variant, a positive
42
45.7
42.7
39.6
43.6
43.4
47.4
45.3
42.1
40.8
41.2
46.1
43.7
38.9
42.8
42.2
46.4
43.9
40.2
42.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Bukhara-10
Bukhara-8
Bukhara-102
Andijan-35
Sultan
co
n
tr
o
l:
30
-35
2019
2020
2021
Average
39.2
46.8
41.1
37.1
37.9
40.5
44.2
44.4
39.7
37.5
40.3
45.2
42.9
37.2
41.6
0
45.4
42.8
38
39
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Bukhara-10
Bukhara-8
Bukhara-102
А
ndijan-35
Sultan
ex
p
e
rie
n
ce
:
3
5
-40
2019
2020
2021
Average
38.9
42.5
38.7
35.3
38.4
40.2
42.8
40.8
34.1
37.5
36.1
44
42.3
37.9
36.4
38.4
43.1
40.6
35.1
38.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Bukhara-10
Bukhara-8
Bukhara-102
А
ndijan-35
Sultan
co
n
tr
o
l:
4
0
-45
2019
2020
2021
Average
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The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering
indicator of productivity was determined in the
Bukhara-8 variety and the Bukhara-102 variety. The
lowest productivity was recorded in the Andijan-35
variety. In variant II of the experiment, under
conditions of air temperature +35-400C, the
productivity of varieties ranged from 45.4 to 38.0 c/ha
on average, with the highest indicator being recorded
in the Bukhara-8 variety. A result close to this indicator
was recorded in the Bukhara-102 variety.
In variant III of the experiment, under conditions of
extremely high air temperatures of +40-45°C, the
average yield of varieties ranged from 43.1 to 35.1
c/ha, with the highest yield in this variant being
observed in the Bukhara-8 variety. The decrease in
yield in cotton varieties under conditions of high air
temperatures is associated with the loss of their yield
elements and the degree of negative change in the
water ba lance.
CONCLUSION
Thus, according to the data obtained, in the III variant
of the experiment, it was observed that the
productivity of the Bukhara-8 and Bukhara-102
varieties was high. The high productivity of these
varieties under high temperature conditions is one of
the signs of their tolerance to high temperatures in
terms of their morpho-physiological characteristics.
Under high temperature conditions, the productivity
indicators of the Bukhara-8 variety were observed to
differ little from the control variant, and it was
revealed that its tolerance to high temperatures was
high. The high air temperature had a strong effect on
the productivity of the Andijan-35 and Sultan varieties.
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