ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF USING AN INDUSTRIAL HYDROPONIC MULTI-TIER SYSTEM | The American Journal of Management and Economics Innovations

ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF USING AN INDUSTRIAL HYDROPONIC MULTI-TIER SYSTEM

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Ibragimov Eduard, . (2024). ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF USING AN INDUSTRIAL HYDROPONIC MULTI-TIER SYSTEM. The American Journal of Management and Economics Innovations, 6(06), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmei/Volume06Issue06-03
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Abstract

This article explores the economic benefits of using industrial hydroponic multi-tier systems. The study aims to analyze the efficiency, sustainability, and successful applications of these systems in urban and rural settings. The methods employed include a literature review of recent research on hydroponic technology, focusing on economic feasibility, environmental impact, and practical case studies. The key results highlight the economic advantages, such as cost savings and increased productivity, along with environmental benefits, including water conservation and reduced carbon footprint. The conclusions point to hydroponics as a viable and sustainable solution for modern agriculture, particularly in urban environments. The novelty of the work lies in synthesizing diverse perspectives on hydroponic systems, emphasizing their potential for revolutionizing food production and addressing global sustainability challenges.


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PUBLISHED DATE: - 20-06-2024
DOI: -

https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmei/Volume06Issue06-03

PAGE NO.: - 23-29

ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF USING AN
INDUSTRIAL HYDROPONIC MULTI-TIER
SYSTEM

Ibragimov Eduard

Expert in crop and livestock production, Deputy General Director of the Akma-Taraz peasant
farm, Republic of Kazakhstan, Taraz, Kazakhstan

INTRODUCTION

Hydroponics, a method of growing plants without

soil using mineral nutrient solutions, has

attracted attention due to its potential to
revolutionize agricultural productivity. In

multilevel systems, hydroponics becomes even

more efficient, maximizing space utilization and
increasing crop yields (Figure 1) [1]. These

systems have proven to be particularly

advantageous in urban environments where
space is limited and demand for fresh produce is

high [2]. The use of solar energy in hydroponics
has also become a key element, aligning with

sustainable energy initiatives and reducing
operating costs [3].

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Open Access

Abstract


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Figure 1 - Multilevel hydroponics systems


The relevance of hydroponics in modern

agriculture must be considered. As the world's
population continues to grow to 8.108 billion in

May 2024, food security is becoming a pressing
issue. Land availability, water scarcity, and

environmental degradation often challenge

traditional farming methods. Hydroponic systems
offer a solution to these problems by using less

water and land and minimizing environmental
impact [2]. Economic benefits are associated with

increased crop yields, reduced labor costs, and the
ability to grow crops year-round, regardless of

external weather conditions [4].
Multilevel hydroponic systems have proven to be

a viable approach to meet the growing needs of

urban populations. These systems make efficient

use of vertical space, allowing different crops to
be grown in compact areas. This design is

particularly advantageous in urban areas where
space is limited and traditional agriculture is not

feasible [1]. The economic benefits of such
systems are evident in their ability to produce

high-quality

produce

locally,

reducing

transportation costs and minimizing food waste

[5].
In addition, the integration of solar energy into

hydroponic systems increases their economic

viability. Solar-powered hydroponics reduces

dependence on conventional energy sources,
lowers operating costs, and contributes to

sustainable development goals [3]. This approach
is in line with global renewable energy trends,

making

hydroponics

a

forward-thinking

investment.

THEORETICAL PART

Hydroponics is an innovative method of farming

and offers an alternative to traditional soil-based

farming. Nutrient-rich aqueous solutions are used
to grow plants, providing a sustainable and

efficient approach to food production. This
concept has expanded significantly in industrial

applications, especially in multi-level systems that
maximize space and productivity.


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The basic idea behind hydroponics is to eliminate

the need for soil by delivering nutrients directly to

plant roots through aqueous solutions. This
system can be implemented in a variety of setups

such as nutrient film technology, deep-water

culture, aeroponics, etc. (Figure 2). Each method
has unique advantages, but they all have the

benefit of precise control of the plant's
environment, resulting in optimized growth and

yield [6].


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Figure 2 – Types of hydroponic systems [6]

(a) Deep Water Culture. (b) Drip System. (c) Aeroponics. (d) Nutrient Film Technique

(NFT). (e) Ebb and flow. (f) Aquaponics

Industrial hydroponic systems typically operate

in controlled environments such as greenhouses

or

indoor

facilities.

These

controlled

environments offer several advantages. For

example, hydroponic systems can use up to 90%
less water than traditional agriculture because

the water is recycled and reused [7]. In addition,
because there is no need for soil, hydroponics

eliminates soil-borne disease and pest problems,

reducing the need for pesticides. This
environmentally friendly approach is in line with

the goals of sustainable agriculture, helping to
address problems such as water scarcity and

pollution [2].
Hydroponic systems have demonstrated their

usefulness in various industries, especially in

urban agriculture. With increasing urbanization,
there is a growing demand for locally produced

food, and hydroponics offers a viable solution.

Multi-tier hydroponic systems are particularly
effective in urban environments where space is

limited. These systems allow vertical farming,
maximize space efficiency, and allow year-round

crop production [1]. The ability to control the

growing environment leads to higher yields and
consistent crop quality, which is important to

meet the needs of urban consumers [5].
The benefits of hydroponics extend beyond urban

agriculture. In rural areas where traditional

agriculture may face problems such as water
shortage or poor soil quality, hydroponics offers

an alternative. Precise control over the supply of

water and nutrients ensures that crops receive
optimal growing conditions. In addition,

hydroponic systems can be adapted to different
crops, allowing farmers to diversify their

production and respond to market needs [4].
The integration of renewable energy sources such

as solar energy further enhances the

sustainability of hydroponic systems. Solar-
powered hydroponics is an emerging trend that

aligns with green energy initiatives and reduces

operating costs (Figure 3) [3]. This link between
hydroponics and renewable energy supports the

goal of sustainable and resilient food production
systems.

Figure 3 - Schematic diagram of a solar-powered hydroponic pump [3]


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Hydroponic technology continues to evolve,

including advances in artificial intelligence and
machine learning to optimize growing methods.

Artificial intelligence (AI) can improve the

accuracy of nutrient balancing, disease prediction,
and environmental control, leading to increased

efficiency

and

productivity

[6].

These

technological innovations promise to further

improve the economic and environmental
benefits of hydroponics, positioning it as a key

player in future agricultural practices.
Thus,

industrial

hydroponics,

especially

multilevel systems, offers many advantages in

terms of sustainability, efficiency, and urban

integration. The implementation of hydroponics
in various environments, coupled with

technological advances, positions it as a
promising solution to today's agricultural

challenges.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND ADVANTAGES

Hydroponic systems have attracted attention for

their potential economic efficiency and benefits in
modern agriculture. These systems offer a unique

combination of sustainability and profitability,
especially when integrated with renewable

energy sources. The economic benefits of
hydroponics can be seen in a variety of contexts,

including urban agriculture, renewable energy
integration, and aquaponics.
Hydroponic systems allow precise control of

nutrient delivery, resulting in high yields with

minimal resource utilization. This efficiency has
been demonstrated at an industrial scale, where

hydroponics outperforms conventional farming
methods regarding water and nutrient utilization

[7]. In a divided multi-loop aquaponics system,
where fish and plants are grown separately but

synergistically, hydroponics has achieved higher
productivity than traditional methods. The

integrated approach of this system reduces waste
and

maximizes

resource

utilization,

demonstrating significant economic efficiency.
One of the key factors affecting the economic

performance of hydroponic systems is energy
consumption. Utilizing solar energy has emerged

as a viable solution to reduce operating costs and

increase economic returns. In a pilot study
conducted

in

Indonesia,

solar-powered

hydroponics proved to be economically viable as
it provides 24/7 operation of water pumps and

reduces dependence on conventional energy
sources [3]. This approach is in line with the green

economy program and offers a sustainable
alternative to conventional energy sources.
Also, hydroponics has proven to be economically

viable in urban agriculture where space is limited

and demand for fresh produce is high. An
investment plan for a hydroponic tomato

greenhouse in Western Greece showed positive
economic viability: net present value (NPV) and

internal rate of return (IRR) indicate profitability
over five years [4]. The study examined different

economic scenarios and found that hydroponics
remains economically viable under different

market conditions, emphasizing its sustainability

as an investment.
Aquaponics, a system that combines hydroponics

with aquaculture, provides additional economic

benefits by integrating fish and plant production.
Benefit-cost analysis showed that the aquaponic

system is economically feasible and shows a
positive net present value [8]. This system utilizes

the symbiotic relationship between fish and
plants: fish waste provides nutrients for plant

growth and plants filter water for fish. Dual

production provides economic benefits by
diversifying income streams and improving

resource utilization efficiency.
In summary, hydroponic systems offer significant

economic efficiencies and benefits in a variety of

settings. From urban agriculture to integrated
aquaponic

systems,

hydroponics

has

demonstrated its potential as a sustainable and
profitable agricultural practice.

ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS

Industrial hydroponics, as a modern agricultural

practice,

offers significant

environmental

benefits, contributing significantly to sustainable
development.

Hydroponic

systems

are

environmentally friendly by addressing several

key issues such as waste management, nutrient
recycling, and resource conservation. Integrating


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hydroponics with other systems such as
aquaponics

increases

its

environmental

sustainability. For example, a study on urban
agriculture found that alternatives to nutrient

recovery in hydroponic systems had a positive
impact on the environment, especially when using

techniques such as direct leachate recycling
(DLR) and membrane filtration (MF). These

approaches have helped to restore key nutrients

such as phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium,
helping to reduce eutrophication and improve

nutrient efficiency [2].
Hydroponic systems are also beneficial for water

management. A study was conducted in Saudi

Arabia comparing the water use efficiency and
economic

viability

of

hydroponic

and

conventional growing systems for green fodder
production.

The

hydroponic

system

demonstrated significantly higher water use

efficiency, addressing water scarcity problems in
the country. A study showed that although

conventional cultivation provides lower costs, the
hydroponic system excels in water conservation,

making it a valuable option for arid regions [9].
The environmental benefits of hydroponics are

further emphasized by its contribution to

reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Hydroponic
systems minimize the need for land and often

require less energy, which contributes to lower

carbon dioxide emissions compared to
conventional agriculture. In addition, the

controlled environment of hydroponic systems
reduces the use of pesticides and herbicides,

minimizing the release of chemicals into the
environment [2].
Hydroponics also supports biodiversity by

allowing a wide variety of crops to be grown in
different

environments.

This

flexibility

contributes to ecological sustainability, especially

in urban settings where biodiversity is often at
risk due to habitat loss [9].
Thus, we note that the environmental benefits of

industrial hydroponics are clear. The systems
promote sustainable development through

efficient resource utilization, nutrient recycling,
and environmental protection. Hydroponics

offers significant benefits for water management

and environmental health, making it a key
component of sustainable agriculture.

EXAMPLES OF SUCCESSFUL APPLICATIONS

Vertical vegetable cultivation has emerged as a

promising solution to meet the needs of urban

populations and ensure food security while
reducing production costs. One prominent

example of this success is the development of
tomato varieties adapted for multi-tier

hydroponic plants. This approach is in line with
the growing trend of urbanization, which requires

efficient food production in limited spaces [1].
The Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable

Production in Russia developed the first tomato
varieties 'Natasha' and 'Timosha' specifically for

vertical vegetable production. The process
involved the creation of a model of a new tomato

form suitable for tiered hydroponic structures.
The study utilized a collection of 692 tomato

accessions and focused on the development of
varieties as part of the processing chain. The

economic performance of these varieties on tiered
narrow-stem hydroponics showed significant

advantages over conventional cultivation

methods [1].
These successes emphasize the potential of tiered

hydroponic systems in urban agriculture. The use

of hydroponic systems with narrow racks allows
for efficient space utilization and stable

production. In addition, this method provides
economic benefits by optimizing resource

utilization and increasing crop yields.

CONCLUSION

In exploring the topic of industrial hydroponic

tiered systems, the evidence presented in this
paper illustrates the multifaceted benefits of

these systems. From economic efficiency to
environmental sustainability to the successful

application of multilevel systems in urban

agriculture, it is evident that hydroponics is
having a transformative impact on modern

farming practices. The integration of solar energy
and advances in technology such as artificial

intelligence further enhances the value of these
systems.
Reflecting on this theme, it is worth emphasizing


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the potential of hydroponics as a sustainable
solution for food production, especially in urban

environments where space is limited. The ability
to grow crops vertically not only maximizes space

but also enables year-round production,
addressing food security concerns. Moreover, the

integration of renewable energy sources brings
hydroponics in line with global sustainability

goals, making it a promising direction for future

agricultural development.
Examples of successful hydroponic installations

demonstrate the feasibility of this approach and

highlight its potential to revolutionize agriculture.
With a growing world population and increasing

demand for sustainable food production,
hydroponics offers a viable solution that

combines economic viability with environmental
protection. In the future, agriculture is likely to

see an increased reliance on such innovative

systems, contributing to a more resilient and
sustainable global food supply chain.

REFERENCES
1.

Balashova I., Sirota S., Pinchuk Y. Vertical

vegetable growing: creating tomato varieties

for multi-tiered hydroponic installations
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Environmental Science.

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T. 395.

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S. 012079.

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Rufí-Salís M. et al. Exploring nutrient recovery

from hydroponics in urban agriculture: An
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Novaldo E. V. et al. Solar Energy as an

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References

Balashova I., Sirota S., Pinchuk Y. Vertical vegetable growing: creating tomato varieties for multi-tiered hydroponic installations //IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. – IOP Publishing, 2019. – T. 395. – No. 1. – S. 012079.

Rufí-Salís M. et al. Exploring nutrient recovery from hydroponics in urban agriculture: An environmental assessment //Resources, Conservation and Recycling. – 2020. – T. 155. – P. 104683.

Novaldo E. V. et al. Solar Energy as an Alternative Energy Source in Hydroponic Agriculture: A Pilot Study //2022 International Conference on Electrical and Information Technology (IEIT). – IEEE, 2022. – pp. 202-205.

Michalis E. et al. Assessing the Different Economic Feasibility Scenarios of a Hydroponic Tomato Greenhouse Farm: A Case Study from Western Greece //Sustainability. – 2023. – T. 15. – No. 19. – P. 14233.

Mai C. et al. Wastewater hydroponics for pollutant removal and food production: principles, progress and future outlook //Water. – 2023. – T. 15. – No. 14. – P. 2614.

Verma R. C. et al. Exploring Hydroponics and the Associated Technologies for Use in Medium and Small-scale Operations: A Review //International Journal of Environment and Climate Change. – 2023. – T. 13. – No. 10. – pp. 4474-4483.

Goddek S., Keesman K. J. Improving nutrient and water use efficiencies in multi-loop aquaponics systems // Aquaculture international. – 2020. – T. 28. – No. 6. – pp. 2481-2490.

Rizal A. et al. The economic and social benefits of an aquaponic system for the integrated production of fish and water plants //IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. – IOP Publishing, 2018. – T. 137. – P. 012098.

Elmulthum N. A. et al. Water use efficiency and economic evaluation of the hydroponic versus conventional cultivation systems for green fodder production in Saudi Arabia // Sustainability. – 2023. – T. 15. – No. 1. – P. 822.

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